• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1477-1486
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• 2009

Female germ cell meiotic divisions are typically asymmetric, giving rise to two daughter cells with different sizes. Spindle movements including spindle migration from the oocyte center to the cortex and spindle rotation from parallel to perpendicular (typically in the mouse) at the cortex are crucial for these asymmetric divisions and therefore are crucial for gamete production. Different regulatory mechanisms for spindle movements have been determined in different species and a wide variety of different molecular components and processes that are involved in spindle movements have also been identified in different species. Here, we review the current state of knowledge as well as our understanding of mechanisms for spindle movements in different systems with focus on three main aspects: microtubules (MT), microfilaments (MF) and molecules associated with cytoskeletal organization as well as molecules that are not directly related to the cytoskeleton. How they might interact or function independently during female meiotic divisions in different species is discussed in detail.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Spindle position checkpoint monitors the orientation of mitotic spindle for proper segregation of replicated chromosomes into mother cell and the daughter, and prohibits mitotic exit when mitotic spindle is misaligned. BUB2 forms one of the key upstream element of spindle position checkpoint in budding yeast, but its functional homologues have not been identified in higher eukaryotes. Here, we analyzed the functions of two putative BUB2 homologues of C. elegans in the spindle orientation checkpoint. From the C. elegans genome database, we found that two open reading frames (ORFs), F35H12_2 and C33F10_2, showed high sequence homology with BUB2. We obtained the expressed sequence tag (EST) clones for F35H12_2 (yk221d4) and C33F10_2 (yk14e10) and verified the full cDNA for each ORF by sequencing and 5' RACE with SL1 primer. The functional complementation assays of yk221d4 and yk14e10 in ${\Delta}bub2$ of S. cerevisiae revealed that these putative BUB2 homologues of C. elegans could not replace the function of BUB2 in spindle position checkpoint and mitotic exit. Our attempt to document the component of spindle position checkpoint in metazoans using sequence homology was not successful. This suggests that structural information about its components might be required to identify functional homologues of the spindle position checkpoint in higher eukaryotes.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1986

An unusual polypoid laryngeal tumor has been studied with light and electron microscopy. In light microscopic section, there were two components: a squamous cell carcinoma and a sarcomatoid spindle cell population. Transitional zone between these two components was found. The electron micrographs demonstrated the presence of slender bundles of tonofilaments in many tumor cells. Desmosomes were present, but few in number and poorly developed. Findings suggest this laryngeal tumor as a spindle cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2009

Primary cardiac tumors are very uncommon. Seventy five percent of them are benign tumors and these are mostly myxomas. The malignant cardiac tumors, the majority of which are undifferentiated sarcomas, comprise up to 25% of all cardiac tumors. A primary malignant sarcoma of the myocardium is exceedingly rare. Thus, there have been very few such cases reported in the literature. We present here a case of a 15 year old man who had complaints of orthopnea and increasing exercise intolerance over a one month period. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated a well demarcated huge mass with left ventricular inflow obstruction on the posterior wall of the left atrium. The patient's symptoms were relieved by surgery. The histological diagnosis was an unclassified spindle cell sarcoma.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2022

Background: Although the tumor-suppressive effects of ginsenosides in cell cycle have been well established, their pharmacological properties in mitosis have not been clarified yet. The chromosomal instability resulting from dysregulated mitotic processes is usually increased in cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on mitotic progression in cancer. Materials and methods: Cancer cells were treated with ginsenoside Rg1 and their morphology and intensity of different protein were analyzed using immunofluorescence microscopy. The level of proteins in chromosomes was compared through chromosomal fractionation and Western blot analyses. The location and intensity of proteins in the chromosome were confirmed through immunostaining of mitotic chromosome after spreading. The colony formation assays were conducted using various cancer cell lines. Results: Ginsenoside Rg1 reduced cancer cell proliferation in some cancers through inducing mitotic arrest. Mechanistically, it inhibits the phosphorylation of histone H3 Thr3 (H3T3ph) mediated by Haspin kinase and concomitant recruitment of chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) to the centromere. Depletion of Aurora B at the centromere led to abnormal centromere integrity and spindle dynamics, thereby causing mitotic defects, such as increase in the width of the metaphase plate and spindle instability, resulting in delayed mitotic progression and cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rg1 reduces the level of Aurora B at the centromere via perturbing Haspin kinase activity and concurrent H3T3ph. Therefore, ginsenoside Rg1 suppresses cancer cell proliferation through impeding mitotic processes, such as chromosome alignment and spindle dynamics, upon depletion of Aurora B from the centromere.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.133-136
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• 2015

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) is an extremely rare type of thyroid tumor, with spares reports on its clinical course. SETTLE is derived from branchial pouch or thymic remnants, and classified as a low grade, malignant neoplasm due to its indolent growth and tendency to develop delayed metastasis. Therefore, stringent initial workups and long-term follow-up are required to prevent misdiagnosis. We present a case of recurrent spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) in the glottis of 57 year-old male patient, who had a history of surgical excision for the SETTLE from the thyroid gland 5 years ago. Transoral CO2 laser surgery was performed to remove the glottic tumor and there was no evidence of local recurrence at 11 months postoperatively.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2022

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC), a biphasic malignant tumor consisting of atypical squamous epithelial and mesenchymal elements mixed with epithelioid and spindle cells, is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous SSCC is very rare and aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastases. A 79-year-old woman presented with a protruding mass on the left temporal area sized 1.2×1.0 cm. The punch biopsy report indicated keratoacanthoma or well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The size of the tumor increased to 2.7×2.0 cm after 8 days. An excisional biopsy was performed with a 2 mm safety margin. The tumor was identified as SSCC with a clear resection margin. Reoperation was performed thrice with an increased safety margin of 10 mm; however, the cancer recurred along with satellites and in-transit metastases. Chemoradiotherapy was administered; however, the size of the tumor increased along with satellites and in-transit metastases. The patient expired 162 days after the initial excision. Complete excision and immediate multidisciplinary approach should be combined during the early stages due to the aggressiveness and poor prognosis of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastasis.

• 대한세포병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한세포병리학회 1991년도 제5차 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.13.2-14
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• 1991

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.92-97
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• 1999

Cytokinesis and septation should be coordinated to nuclear division in the cell division cycle for precise transmission of the genome into daughter cells. byr4, an essential gene in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, regulates the timing of cytokinesis and septation in a dosage-dependent manner. We examined the intracellular localization of the Byr4 protein by expressing byr4 as a fusion of green fluorescence protein (GFP). The Byr4 protein localizes as a single dot on the nuclear periphery of interphase cells, duplicates before mitosis, and the duplicated dots segregate with the nuclei in anaphase. The behavior of Byr4p throughout the cell cycle strongly suggests that Byr4p is localized to the spindle pole body (SPB), a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in yeast. The presence of the Byr4 protein in the SPB is consistent with its function to coordinate mitosis and cytokinesis. We also mapped the domains of Byr4p for its proper localization to SPB by expressing various byr4 deletion mutants as GFP fusions. Analyses of the diverse byr4 deletion mutants suggest that the indirect repeats and the regions homologous to the open reading frame (ORF) YJR053W of S. cerevisiae in its C-terminus are essential for its localization to the SPB.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.158-163
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• 1990

Ancient (degenerated) schwannomas are benign tumors that display pronounced degenerative changes including cyst formation, calcification, hemorrhage, and hyalinization. The tumors are usually infiltrated by large numbers of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, siderophages, and histiocytes. They are located in deep locations such as the retroperitoneum and must be differentiated from malignant soft tissue tumors because spindle cells with nuclear atypia may be present. In the fine needle aspiration biopsy. The cytologic findings of two cases of ancient schwannoma occurring in posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum, respectively, are described. Computerized tomographic findings of both cases showed changes of cystic degeneration or necrosis. A case occurred in retroperitoneum revealed features of destruction of vertebral body to suggest a malignant soft tussue tumor radiologically. The cytologic findings of aspiration biopsy of both tumors revealed that the tumor cells were spindle in shape with elongated nuclei. Some of tumor cells were arranged in a palisading fashion. Cell structures that resemble the Verocay bodies were observed. Some of the tumor cells showed pleomorphic bizarre nuclei, but no mitotic activity or chromatin clumping was seen. Inflammatory cells, siderophages and histiocytes were scattered in fibrillar material. These cytologic findings are important in the diagnosis of ancient schwannoma and in the differentiation of this tumor from the malignant spindle cell tumor.