• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제60권3호
• /
• pp.353-356
• /
• 2006

폐결핵 치료중 흉부엑스선상 악화 및 갑자기 발생한 하지 마비와 감각이상으로 자기공명영상 촬영후 급성 횡단척수염 진단 및 객담 검사상 다제내성 결핵균 검출로 2차 결핵약제와 스테로이드 병합치료를 시행하여 부분적으로 호전을 보였던 증례이다. 급성 횡단척수염은 매우 드문 질환이며 균주의 직접 침범이나 면역학적 기전으로 발생하나 후자가 더 가능성 있는 기전으로 생각되어지고 있다. 아직도 결핵 및 다제내성 결핵의 유병률이 높은 국내 상황에서 드물게 결핵이 원인으로 추정된 급성 횡단척수염의 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.86-89
• /
• 2013

A retropharyngeal abscess is a rare disease entity in young infants but can develop after nasopharyngeal viral infection. Group B Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus are the most common pathogens in young infants, however, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is very rare. We report the case of retropharyngeal abscess and coinfection with S. aureus and M. tuberculosis in a very young infant presenting with respiratory symptoms due to upper airway obstruction. Usually tuberculous retropharyngeal abscesses are caused by the direct invasion of the bacteria from the spine via anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. However, in this case, no associated spinal disease was observed.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.538-544
• /
• 1999

To elucidate the involvement of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ converting enzyme (ICE) in the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we induced EAE by immunizing rats with an emulsion of rat spinal cord homogenate with complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra, 5mg/ml) and then examined the expression of ICE in the spinal cord of rats with EAE. In normal rat spinal cords, ICE is constitutively, but weakly, expressed in ependymal cells, neurons, and some neuroglial cells. In EAE, many inflammatory cells are positive for ICE, and the majority of ICE+ cells were identified as ED1+ macrophages. During this stage of EAE, the number of ICE+ cells in brain cells, including neurons and astrocytes, increased and these cells also had increased ICE immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that the upregulation of ICE in both brain cells and invading hematogenous cells is stimulated by a secretory product from inflammatory cells, and that this enzyme is involved in the pathogenesis of EAE via the production of IL-1 beta.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.431-437
• /
• 2000

The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of CPP32 (caspase-3), one of the death-related enzymes, in the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced in Lewis rats immunized with an emulsion of rat spinal cord homogenate with complete Freunds adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra, 5mg/ml). The expression of CPP32 in the spinal cords of rats with EAE was studied. In normal rat spinal cords, CPP32 is constitutively, but weakly, expressed in neurons and some neuroglial cells. In the EAE spinal cords, many inflammatory cells were positive for CPP 32, and the majority of CPP32(+) cells were identified as ED1(+) macrophages. During this stage of EAE, the number of CPP32(+) cells in brain cells, including neurons and astrocytes, increased, and these cells also had increased CPP32 immunoreactivity. CPP32 immunor eactivity was not always matched with apoptosis of inflammatory cells in EAE lesions. We speculate that CPP32, which is constitutlvely expressed in brain cells, increases in response to neuroimmunological stimulation in both brain neuronal cells and inflammatory cells. The functional role of CPP32 in neuroimmunological disorders is discussed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제30권11호
• /
• pp.1314-1319
• /
• 2001

Objects : Because of the nonspecific nature of symptoms in tuberculous spondylitis, a delay in the diagnosis can result in progressive neurologic deficits. The authors evaluate the clinical and the radiological results of the 10 cases of surgically treated tuberculous spondylitis. Clinical materials & Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 10 patients with tuberculous spondylitis who were treated between February 1996 and March 2000. Six patients were female, and four were male. Mean age was 43 years old, and mean follow-up period was 20.5 months. All patients were treated with 12 months of antituberculous medication postoperatively, and were followed by complete blood count, ESR, spine X-ray and MRI. Results : The lumbar spine was involved in 5 patients, the thoracic in 4, and the thoracolumbar in one. The infected vertebral bodies were 2.8 in average. The associated lesions were pulmonary tuberculosis in 3 cases, and renal tuberculosis in one. Five patients were treated by anterior debridement and fusion with bone graft using anterior instrumentation, 2 with anterior debridement and fusion with bone graft(Hong Kong procedure only), 1 with Hong Kong procedure with posterior spinal instrumentation, and 2 were managed with posterior debridement and posterior spinal instrumentation. All patients improved after operation, and the average kyphotic angle decreased postoperatively. Postoperatively, one patient had a fistula at the operative site. Conclusion : The debridement and minimal level fusion of motion segment with instrument fixation is one of surgical option for tuberculous spondyltis to preserve the spine motion segment as much as possible. Spine instability and kyphosis were prevented by anterior and posterior spinal instrumentation. But, large number of cases and longer period follow-up study in future will be needed to confirm the long term results.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제52권1호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2017

목적: 화학요법만으로 치료한 소아 척추 결핵 환아들에서의 후만의 경시적 변화를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2세부터 15세 사이의 101명을 대상으로 하여 후향적으로 단순 방사선 영상과 소수에게서 자기공명영상을 이용하여 치료 시작 시와 치료 종결 시의 잔존 성장판에 의한 후만 변형의 변화를 살폈다. 결과: 영상상 초진 시 추간판의 완전 파괴로 판정한 예들은 경추의 경우 40명 중 2명(5.0%), 흉추 내에서는 30명 중 8예(26.7%), 그리고 요천추에서는 31명 중 6명(19.4%)이었다. 나머지 예들에서는 성장판이 완전하게 또는 부분적으로 잔존하는 것으로 판정하였다. 101명 중 후만 변형이 변치 않고 유지된 경우는 20명(19.8%), 후만각 감소 예는 14명(13.9%), 그리고 후만각의 증가 예는 67명(66.3%)에서 관찰되었다. 결론: 반수 이상의 환아에서 치료 시작 시점에서 이미 병이 심히 진행되었던 것을 알 수 있었다. 후만 변형의 진행 여부는 일차적으로 치료 시작 시점에서 예측 가능하나 그 정확도가 떨어지므로 후만 변형의 변화의 보다 정확한 증거를 확인할 수 있는 투약 종료 시점에서 실시할 것을 권한다. 진행형과 자연 교정군에서는 성장 종료 시까지의 추적 관찰이 필요하다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.259-264
• /
• 2005

Objective : The vertebroplasty is an excellent procedure in spine compression fracture, but there are some problems such as cement leakage and difficulties in bone biopsy. Recently, the osteoplasty system is developed to solve these problems, so we will report the usefulness of the osteoplasty system. Methods : From January 2003 to November 2003, there are 9patients with simple osteoporotic spine compression fracture, 2 compression fracture patients combined with suspicious spinal metastasis, 1patient with suspicious primary bone tumor, and 2patient with infection on spine. All patients were treated using the osteoplasty system. Results : All 11 compression fracture patients were relived the back pain after the osteoplasty and there is no complication. The bone biopsies in 3 suspicious cancer patients were also effectively performed using the osteoplasty system; negative result in 2patients and positive result in 1patient. The culture result of spontaneous discitis was no growth for 48hours. The spine tuberculosis was confirm using the osteoplasty system. Conclusion : The osteoplasty system has distinguished advantages in comparison with the vertebroplasty. That is, the risk of cement leakage is lower than vertebroplasty because of low pressure delivery system. And we can obtain the specimen effectively in bone biopsy because of large cannula. In conclusion, we emphasize that the osteoplasty system is a more useful procedure in spine compression fracture especially in the patient needed bone biopsy for diagnosis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제65권6호
• /
• pp.517-521
• /
• 2008

저자들은 항결핵 치료 6개월 후 척추 결핵의 동반없는, 결핵성 림프절염에 의해 이차적으로 발생한 양측성 다발성 결핵성 요근 농양 환자 1예를 경험하였다. 환자는 한차례의 수술적 절개 및 배액술 그리고 여섯 차례의 경피적배액술과 2년간의 약물치료를 통해 완치되었고 이후 재발은 없어 이에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 1999

연구배경: 만성폐쇄성폐질환에서 골다공증이 높은 빈도로 보고되어 왔으나 부신피질 스테로이드 투여 없이도 골다공증이 발병하는지는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구는 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자군과 대조군의 골밀도를 비교하고, 부신피질 스테로이드 투약여부에 따른 골밀도의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 동국대학 경주병원에 내원한 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자 23명과 폐기능이 정상인 20명을 대상으로 하여 문진과 의무 기록 고찰, 이중에너지 방사선 흡수 계측기(Lunar사, USA)를 이용한 척추 및 대퇴골 경부의 골밀도를 측정하였다. 결과: 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자군은 남자 15명, 여자 8명이었고, 평균 나아 $70{\pm}9$세, 대조군은 남자 14명, 여자 6명, 평균 연령 $68{\pm}8$세였다. 만성폐쇄성폐질환군의 평균 척추 골밀도는 $0.683{\pm}0.154 g/cm^2$, 대조군은 $0.971{\pm}0.212g/cm^2$로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 대퇴골 경부의 골밀도는 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 만성폐쇄성폐질환군에서 골다공증은 7명, 골감소증은 9명이었고, 대조군은 골감소증 4명으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 그러나, 만성폐쇄성폐질환의 유병기간과 T score사이에는 유의한 상관 관계를 보이지 않았다(r=-0.395, p>0.05). 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자 23명 중 스테로이드 복용 환자는 10명이었다. 스테로이드 복용기간은 평균 $17{\pm}12$개월 이었고, 용량은 $10.3{\pm}4.3mg$이었다. 스테로이드 복용군의 T score(SD)는 $-3.82{\pm}0.94$, 비복용군은 $-2.82{\pm}0.97$로 양군 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 스테로이드 유지용량과 척추부 T score는 r=-0.424의 음의 상관관계를 보였고 (p<0.05), 스테로이드 투여 기간은 T score 사이에도 r=0.457의 음성 상관 관계를 보였다(p<0.05). 만성폐쇄성폐질환군 중에서 스테로이드 투여를 받지 않은 환자 (n=13)의 척추부 골밀도는 $0.71{\pm}0.21 g/cm^2$과 유의한 차이를 보였다.(p<0.01). 결론: 만성폐쇄성폐질환에서 여러 요인에 의해 복합적으로 골다공증의 빈도가 높은 것으로 생각되고, 특히 스테로이드 투여군에서 골다공증 및 골감소증의 빈도가 높고, 요추부의 골밀도 측정이 진단에 도움이 되며, 예방적 치료가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.146-149
• /
• 2005

Most primary spinal abscesses, irrespective of pathogens and anatomical locations, have better prognosis than that of secondary abscesses with spondylitis. We report a 68-year-old man, previously undertaken pulmonary resection due to tuberculosis, presented with paraparesis. Imaging studies showed primary intraspinal abscesses at T-1 and T-3 vertebral levels, semi-invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis and inflammation of the posterior mediastinum. Operative procedure and histopathological examination revealed interdural Aspergillus abscess. Despite chemotherapy, he deteriorated progressively, and spondylitis developed at corresponding vertebrae. He eventually died 6 weeks postoperatively due to pulmonary complication. The authors intended to inform that such an extradural inflammatory lesion of Aspergillus abscess should be treated carefully.