• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 2007

Paragangliomas arise from a multicentric system of paraganglion cells derived from the neuroectoderm. Although these tumors are the most common in the head and neck region, they may occur in diverse locations including mediastinum, retroperitoneum and visceral organs. Spinal paragangliomas arising in the intradural space of the thoracolumbar spine have been reported rarely, with the majority located in the cauda equina. Only few cases of thoracic paraganglioma have been previously reported. We present an additional case of thoracolumbar paraganglioma and review the clinical MRI and histopathological features of this unusual tumor.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2009

Objectives : We studied in order to compare the differences between the symptoms of patients and findings of MRI and X-Ray of patients with herniated disc which has been diagnosed often recently. Methods : We randomly selected among the 301 patients with X-Ray and L-spine MRI films who have visited Jaseng Hospital with low-back pain and lumbar and low extremity pain from Jan.1st of 2009 to Jan.28. We used SPSS 13.0 for Windows I in analyzing statistical data of study results and the level of significance were below 0.05. Results and Conclusions : 1. If there were radiating pain, based on MRI findings, the amount of herniation was more severe(P>0.05). 2. If the finding of a X-ray showed narrowing, based on MRI findings, the amount of herniation was more severe(P>0.05). 3. There were no significant differences between the presence of radiating pain and the findings of X-Ray(P>0.05). 4. Among the 301 cases, cases which showed findings beside HIVD were 79. 7 cases of hemanggioma(2.3%), 24 cases of spinal neoplasm(cord cyst, tumor etc)(8%), 7 cases of spondylitis(2.3%), 16 cases of spinal canal stenosis(5,3%) 9 cases of ligamentum flavum thickening(3%) and 16 cases of facet syndrome(5.3%).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.334-341
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• 2022

A decrease in the paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and functional cross-sectional area (FCSA) are associated with low back pain and disc herniation in humans. This study examined whether chronicity or lateralization of disc herniation affects the CSA and FCSA of the paraspinal muscles. The CSA and FCSA of the paraspinal muscles between the 12th and 13th thoracic vertebrae were measured in 31 dogs with intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). The muscle CSA and FCSA were evaluated by dividing the values of the body weight, spinal disc CSA, and spinal canal CSA to offset the differences in body type between subjects. In the chronic IVDH group, the ratio of the paraspinal muscle CSA divided by the body weight was significantly lower, and fat infiltration in the paraspinal muscle was significantly higher than in the acute group. The lateralization of the disc herniation was significantly related to the changes in the paraspinal muscle CSA. In the right-sided disc herniation group, right epaxial muscle CSA was significantly reduced compared to the left-sided disc herniation group. The change in the paraspinal muscle might be a helpful indicator to localize less obvious disc pathologies and target the search for the pathology responsible for disc-related symptoms in dogs.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 2018

Objective : Sometimes a vertebral artery (VA) enters the spinal canal via the C1-2 intervertebral space, a variation regarded as a C2 segmental-type VA. This paper describes the anatomy of the C2 segmental-type VA and reviews its clinical importance. Methods : Between March 2014 and November 2015, 3386 patients underwent computed tomographic angiography. I identified C2 segmental-type VAs, associated vascular variation, the origin of ipsilateral posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (PICAs), and the clinical symptoms associated with C2 segmental-type VAs. The origin of an ipsilateral PICA is divided into 5 types. A type 1 PICA originates from ipsilateral VAs coursing suboccipitally (IVASO), a type 2 originates from ipsilateral proximal C2 segmental-type VAs, a type 3 originates from ipsilateral distal C2 segmental-type VAs. For type 4, the PICA does not originate from an ipsilateral VA. For type 5, the PICA is the terminal end of an ipsilateral C2 segmental-type VA. Results : One hundred thirteen patients had 121 C2 segmental-type VAs; 47 were associated with an IVASO, and 74 were not. Four type 1, 13 type 2, 60 type 3, 42 type 4, and two type 5 PICAs were identified. Only one patient showed symptoms associated with a C2 segmental-type VA, being a 71-year-old man presenting with a C2 segmental-type VA infarction. Conclusion : For C2 segmental-type VAs, the ipsilateral IVASO and origin of the PICA are important for predicting the outcome of this type of VA infarction.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 1999

Ewing's sarcoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm of the long bone and it has a poor prognosis due to its early metastasis and aggressive local spread. It is mostly found before the age of 30 and it is rare in extraskeletal sites. Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma has been reported to occur in various sites including the larynx, scalp, nasal fossa, neck, chest wall, lung, pelvis, perineum, arm, finger, leg and toe, but it is extremely rare as a primary epidural tumor of the spine. We experienced a case of extraosseous epidural Ewing's sarcoma arising in the lumbar spinal canal at L3-L5 level in a 9-year-old boy. Following total laminectomy from L3 to L5 with a lumbar vertebrae and mass excision, he received chemotherapy with complete remission.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.545-549
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• 2014

Sparganosis is an infection with a parasitic tapeworm larva that occurs by eating infected foods or drinking contaminated water. The larvae can migrate to a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, pleura, pericardium, spinal canal, or scrotum. Herein, we report a 5-month old infant with scrotal sparganosis who was initially suspected to have a scrotal inflammatory mass with a history of applying raw frog meat into the umbilicus. Preoperative ultrasound examinations and computed tomography (CT) scanning misdiagnosed the mass as a scrotal teratoma. The scrotal mass was surgically removed, and the histopathology proved it to be scrotal sparganosis. This case displays the youngest patient ever reported with scrotal sparganosis, and the first description of CT characteristics of scrotal sparganosis. A detailed medical history is necessary for patients with scrotal masses suspected of sparganosis. In addition, ultrasound and CT examinations are helpful to rule out other causes of a scrotal mass.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.55-57
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• 2014

Synovial cysts of the cervical spine, although they occur infrequently, may cause acute radiculopathy or myelopathy. Here, we report a case of a cervical synovial cyst presenting as acute myelopathy after manual stretching. A 68-year-old man presented with gait disturbance, decreased touch senses, and increased sensitivity to pain below T12 level. These symptoms developed after manual stretching 3 days prior. Computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1-cm, small multilocular cystic lesion in the spinal canal with cord compression at the C7-T1 level. We performed a left partial laminectomy of C7 and T1 using a posterior approach and completely removed the cystic mass. Histological examination of the resected mass revealed fibrous tissue fragments with amorphous materials and granulation tissue compatible with a synovial cyst. The patient's symptoms resolved after surgery. We describe a case of acute myelopathy caused by a cervical synovial cyst that was treated by surgical excision. Although cervical synovial cysts are often associated with degenerative facet joints, clinicians should be aware of the possibility that these cysts can cause acute neurologic symptoms.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2014

Sparganosis is a parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. Although the destination of the larva is often a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, spinal canal, and scrotum, intramuscular sparganosis is uncommon and therefore is difficult to distinguish from a soft tissue tumor. We report a case of intramuscular sparganosis involving the gastrocnemius muscle in an elderly patient who was diagnosed using ultrasonography and MRI and treated by surgical excision. At approximately 1 cm near the schwannoma at the right distal sciatic nerve, several spargana worms were detected and removed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 1988

Caudal narcotic analgesia was assesses after the injection of 3mg morphine diluted in 30ml (physiologic) saline into the sacral canal in 15 Patients after upper abdominal surgery, in 20 patients after lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia, and in 20 patients after perianal surgery under caudal block. Pain relief was evaluated by the subsequent need for systemic analgesics. All eases had considerable relief from pain an4 the morphine was effective for 12 or more hours. There were no significant differances between pain relief of the upper abdominal and lower abdominal surgery group, upper abdominal and perianal surgery group, and lower abdominal and perianal surgery group (p>0.05, p>0.05, p>0.05). It is suggested that the morphine, which was administered into the sacral, cannal, reached the subarachnoid space and produced it's effect by direct action on the specific opiate receptors in the substantia gelatinosa of th.8 posterior horn cell of the spinal cord. Consequently, whether analgesia from epidural narcotics appears to be segmental in distribution or not is still in controversy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup1
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• pp.144-148
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• 2001

We report a rare case of Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with Horner's syndrome in cervical epidural hematoma caused by a ruptured arteriovenous malformation. A 54-year-old man developed sudden sharp neck pain, radiating to the interscapular area. Within hours, left side hemiplegia and decreased tactile sense and loss of contralateral pain sense ensued. Emergency cervical magnetic resonance image showed an epidural hematoma over the cervico-thoracic junction. The hematoma was located in the left posterolateral area of the cervical spinal canal. Emergent decompressive laminectomy and an evacuation of the hematoma were performed. A tangled soft tissue mass found in the hematoma was proven to be an arteriovenous malformation. To the authors, knowledge, this might be the first case of a Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with Horner's syndrome caused by ruptured cervical epidural arteriovenous malformation.