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http://dx.doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2017.0303.010

C2 Segmental-Type Vertebral Artery Diagnosed Using Computed Tomographic Angiography  

Kim, Myoung Soo (Department of Neurosurgery, National Medical Center)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society / v.61, no.2, 2018 , pp. 194-200 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective : Sometimes a vertebral artery (VA) enters the spinal canal via the C1-2 intervertebral space, a variation regarded as a C2 segmental-type VA. This paper describes the anatomy of the C2 segmental-type VA and reviews its clinical importance. Methods : Between March 2014 and November 2015, 3386 patients underwent computed tomographic angiography. I identified C2 segmental-type VAs, associated vascular variation, the origin of ipsilateral posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (PICAs), and the clinical symptoms associated with C2 segmental-type VAs. The origin of an ipsilateral PICA is divided into 5 types. A type 1 PICA originates from ipsilateral VAs coursing suboccipitally (IVASO), a type 2 originates from ipsilateral proximal C2 segmental-type VAs, a type 3 originates from ipsilateral distal C2 segmental-type VAs. For type 4, the PICA does not originate from an ipsilateral VA. For type 5, the PICA is the terminal end of an ipsilateral C2 segmental-type VA. Results : One hundred thirteen patients had 121 C2 segmental-type VAs; 47 were associated with an IVASO, and 74 were not. Four type 1, 13 type 2, 60 type 3, 42 type 4, and two type 5 PICAs were identified. Only one patient showed symptoms associated with a C2 segmental-type VA, being a 71-year-old man presenting with a C2 segmental-type VA infarction. Conclusion : For C2 segmental-type VAs, the ipsilateral IVASO and origin of the PICA are important for predicting the outcome of this type of VA infarction.
Keywords
Vertebral artery; Congenital abnormalities; Computed tomography angiography; Infarction;
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