• 제목/요약/키워드: spent nuclear fuels

검색결과 194건 처리시간 0.043초

국내 가압 경수형 원자로의 사용후 핵연료에서 잔류하는 U과 Pu핵종의 발생량 추정 (Estimation of Discharged Amounts of U and Pu Nuclides from the PWR Spent Fuels in Korea)

  • Lim, Chae-Jun;Kang, Chang-Sun
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.165-169
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    • 1988
  • Tandem 핵연료 주기에 관한 연구의 일부로써 CANDU 원자로에 활용할 수 있는 우라늄과 플루토륨의 양을 추정하기 위해 국내 가압경수형 원자력 발전로에서 발생되는 사용후 핵연료속의 이들 핵종의 잔존량을 ORIGEN2 코드를 사용하여 각 호기별 각 batch별로 계산하여 연도별 발생량과 누적량을 구하였다. 1호기부터 10호기까지의 가압경수형 원자력 발전소를 대상으로 하였다. 계산결과 0.7내지 0.8w/o의 U-235가 주종을 이루며 또한 핵분열성 플루토늄도 상당량 배출되고 있다. 이것은 처음에 예상했던 0.8내지 0.9w/o보다 적은 값인데 이는 한전에서 제공한 연소도가 일반적인 경우보다 다소 높은 값을 나타내기 때문이다.

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지속가능한 사용후-핵연료 재활용 시스템의 개발 동향 (A Trend of Sustainable Recycling Systems of Spent Nuclear Fuels)

  • 김성호
    • 에너지공학
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 2011
  • 다양한 에너지원들 가운데 하나인 원자력(nuclear energy)의 평화적 이용을 위해 많은 나라들이 탄소 배출량 감축, 에너지 수급 안보, 지속가능 발전 등의 글로벌 현안을 고려하면서 청정 라이프 사이클 원자력 시스템을 개발하고 있다. 에너지 자원이 부족한 대한민국은 지금까지 에너지원의 대부분을 해외 수입에 의존하고 있는 국가이다. 이러한 글로벌 현안과 우리의 상황을 해결하기 위해 우리는 탈 화석연료 에너지인 원자력을 기저부하 에너지원으로 투입하고 있고, 전력 생산량에서 원자력 점유율이 50%를 넘어서는 원자력 기술 선진국에 진입하고 있다. 그러나 원자력 부문에서는 최근에 전세계적으로 보면, 사용후-핵연료(SNF)와 같은 고준위 방사성 폐기물의 누적량이 임시 저장 용량을 포화시키는 상태에 도달하고 있다. 이에 따라 지속가능한 SNF 처분시스템의 개발이 시급하게 요구되는 실정이다. 원자력 선진국들은 SNF 처분 시스템의 미래 대안으로 SNF 재처리/재활용 방안을 심도 있게 고려하고 있다. 앞으로 우리나라도 SNF 관리 대책의 하나로 재처리/재활용 방안을 고려하는 기회가 있을 것이다. 이러한 필요성을 바탕으로 여기서는 핵확산 저항성, 자원 재활용 등에 중점을 두면서 SNF 재활용 시스템과 관련하여 국내외 개발 동향을 소개하고자 한다.

A Method to Estimate the Burnup Using Initial Enrichment, Cooling Time, Total Neutron Source Intensity and Gamma Source Activities in Spent Fuels

  • Sohee Cha;Kwangheon Park;Mun-Oh Kim;Jae-Hun Ko;Jin-Hyun Sung
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.303-313
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    • 2023
  • Spent fuels (SFs) are stored in a storage pool after discharge from nuclear power plants. They can be transferred to for the further processes such as dry storage sites, processing plants, or disposal sites. One of important measures of SF is the burnup. Since the radioactivity of SF is strongly dependent on its burnup, the burnup of SF should be well estimated for the safe management, storage, and final disposal. Published papers about the methodology for the burnup estimation from the known activities of important radioactive sources are somewhat rare. In this study, we analyzed the dependency of the burnup on the important radiation source activities using ORIGEN-ARP, and suggested simple correlations that relate the burnup and the important source activities directly. A burnup estimation equation is suggested for PWR fuels relating burnup with total neutron source intensity (TNSI), initial enrichment, and cooling time. And three burnup estimation equations for major gamma sources, 137Cs, 134Cs, and 154Eu are also suggested.

DUPIC 핵연료의 조사선량률 분석 (Source Intensity Analysis of DUPIC Fuel)

  • 김윤구;임재용;박범락;박광헌;황주호
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.117-124
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    • 1996
  • 사용전 그리고 사용후 DUPIC핵연료의 선원분석을 연료다발에서 1m떨어진 지점의 조사선량률을 기준으로하여 분석하였다. BUPIC핵연료 제조에 사용된 PWR핵연료는 표준 연소도와 장주기 연소도를 갖는 것으로 설정하였고, 건식 가공에서 제거되는 핵분열생성물의 양을 고려하여 두 가지의 경우를 고려하였다. 조사선량률은 균일 혼합체 모형을 사용하여 구하였다. 조사선량률 값은 매우 크게 나왔으며. 건식가공 중의 Cs제거율에 민감하게 변화하는 것으로 나타났다. 10년 이상 냉각된 PWR핵연료를 사용한 DUPIC핵연료의 경우 핵연료 내 모든 Cs을 제거하면 약 90% 이상의 조사선량률을 감소시킬 수 있다. 조사선량률에 주된 영향을 미치는 주요 방사선원은 Cs-137이다. Cs제거에 관련된 연구는 DUPIC핵연료의 조사선량 뿐만 아니라. 건식 처리시설의 방사성 물질 관리에도 중요하다.

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Mechanochemical Approach for Oxide Reduction of Spent Nuclear Fuels for Pyroprocessing

  • Kim, Sung-Wook;Han, Seung Youb;Jang, Junhyuk;Jeon, Min Ku;Choi, Eun-Young
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.255-266
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    • 2021
  • Solid-state mechanochemical reduction combined with subsequent melting consolidation was suggested as a technical option for the oxide reduction in pyroprocessing. Ni ingot was produced from NiO as a starting material through this technique while Li metal was used as a reducing agent. To determine the technical feasibility of this approach for pyroprocessing, which handles spent nuclear fuels, thermodynamic calculations of the phase stabilities of various metal oxides of U and other fission elements were made when several alkaline and alkali-earth metals were used as reducing agents. This technique is expected to be beneficial, not only for oxide reduction but also for other unit processes involved in pyroprocessing.

Analyses on Thermal Stability and Structural Integrity of the Improved Disposal Systems for Spent Nuclear Fuels in Korea

  • Lee, Jongyoul;Kim, Hyeona;Kim, Inyoung;Choi, Heuijoo;Cho, Dongkeun
    • 방사성폐기물학회지
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    • 제18권spc호
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    • pp.21-36
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    • 2020
  • With respect to spent nuclear fuels, disposal containers and bentonite buffer blocks in deep geological disposal systems are the primary engineered barrier elements that are required to isolate radioactive toxicity for a long period of time and delay the leakage of radio nuclides such that they do not affect human and natural environments. Therefore, the thermal stability of the bentonite buffer and structural integrity of the disposal container are essential factors for maintaining the safety of a deep geological disposal system. The most important requirement in the design of such a system involves ensuring that the temperature of the buffer does not exceed 100℃ because of the decay heat emitted from high-level wastes loaded in the disposal container. In addition, the disposal containers should maintain structural integrity under loads, such as hydraulic pressure, at an underground depth of 500 m and swelling pressure of the bentonite buffer. In this study, we analyzed the thermal stability and structural integrity in a deep geological disposal environment of the improved deep geological disposal systems for domestic light-water and heavy-water reactor types of spent nuclear fuels, which were considered to be subject to direct disposal. The results of the thermal stability and structural integrity assessments indicated that the improved disposal systems for each type of spent nuclear fuel satisfied the temperature limit requirement (< 100℃) of the disposal system, and the disposal containers were observed to maintain their integrity with a safety ratio of 2.0 or higher in the environment of deep disposal.

사용후핵연료 절단연료봉 운반/취급장치 개발 (The Development of transportation and handling device for spent nuclear fuel rod cuts)

  • 홍동희;진재현;정재후;김영환;윤지섭;김성현;고병승
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.1715-1718
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    • 2005
  • During demonstrations of a process conditioning spent nuclear fuels, it may be necessary to transport and handle Spent fuel road cuts from Post Irradiation Examination facility to Slitting device in The hot cell. It may be not easy to transport spent fuel rod cuts because rod cuts are high radioactive materials. For this purpose, we have developed a capsule for transporting and handling high radioactive materials. We have analyzed conditions of a hot cell and requirements of the device, designed and manufactured The prototype of the device, and done some performance tests. From the tests, it has been shown that transportation and handling without scattering nuclear material was smooth but the weight of capsule was heavy. These result will be reflected to a design of the improved transportation and handling device which will be used during demonstrations.

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iBEST: A PROGRAM FOR BURNUP HISTORY ESTIMATION OF SPENT FUELS BASED ON ORIGEN-S

  • KIM, DO-YEON;HONG, SER GI;AHN, GIL HOON
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제47권5호
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    • pp.596-607
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, we describe a computer program, iBEST (inverse Burnup ESTimator), that we developed to accurately estimate the burnup histories of spent nuclear fuels based on sample measurement data. The burnup history parameters include initial uranium enrichment, burnup, cooling time after discharge from reactor, and reactor type. The program uses algebraic equations derived using the simplified burnup chains of major actinides for initial estimations of burnup and uranium enrichment, and it uses the ORIGEN-S code to correct its initial estimations for improved accuracy. In addition, we newly developed a stable bisection method coupled with ORIGEN-S to correct burnup and enrichment values and implemented it in iBEST in order to fully take advantage of the new capabilities of ORIGEN-S for improving accuracy. The iBEST program was tested using several problems for verification and well-known realistic problems with measurement data from spent fuel samples from the Mihama-3 reactor for validation. The test results show that iBEST accurately estimates the burnup history parameters for the test problems and gives an acceptable level of accuracy for the realistic Mihama-3 problems.