• 한국광학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 1995

본 논문은 Nd:YAG 레이저의 제2고조파로 펄스 펌핑된 파장가변형 Ti:sapphire 레이저의 협대역 특성을 연구하였다. Ti:sapphire 레이저는 rod의 양단에서 펌핑하여 균일한 여기 분포를 갖도록 하였고, 공진기의 격자를 선형적으로 제어하여 705-835nm의 넓은 범위에서 연속적인 파장 선택을 실현하였다. 이때 회절격자 제어계의 분해각은 0.27"/pulse이다. 중심파장 790nm때 출력 에너지는 $380{\mu}J$, 레이저 출력이 최대 출력의 50% 이상되는 파장 범위는 730-825nm, 스펙트럼 선폭은 $0.13cm_{-1}$, 빔 발산각은 1.2mrad을 각각 얻었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.43.3-43.3
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• 2018

We develop a model for broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe). The model assumes that electrons/positrons in the pulsar wind are injected into and stochastically accelerated in the pulsar termination shock. We consider two scenarios: a stationary one-zone case and a time-evolving multi-zone case. In the latter scenario, flow properties in the PWNe (magnetic field, bulk speed) are modeled to vary in time and space. We apply the model to the broadband SED of the pulsar wind nebula 3C 58. From the modeling, we find that a broken power-law injection is required with the maximum electron energy of ~200 TeV.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2020

The detection and recognition of abnormal driving becomes crucial for achieving safety in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This paper presents a feature extraction method based on spectral data to train a neural network model for driving behavior recognition. The proposed method uses a two stage signal processing approach to derive time-saving and efficient feature vectors. For the first stage, the feature vector set is obtained by calculating variances from each frequency bin containing the power spectrum data. The feature set is further reduced in the second stage where an intersection method is used to select more significant features that are finally applied for training a neural network model. A stream of live signals are fed to the trained model which recognizes the abnormal driving behaviors. The driving behaviors considered in this study are weaving, sudden braking and normal driving. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing with existing methods, which are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN). The experiments show that the proposed approach achieves satisfactory results with less computational complexity.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.203-206
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• 2001

The mathematical processing (unfolding) of pulse height spectra from a scintillation detector helps to calculate the photon fluence rate energy distribution in a measured photon field. The data processing is based on the knowledge of detection system response function and directional dependence respectively. The experimental results of the photon fields measurements in the vicinity of the spent fuel temporary storage and inside the storage hall are presented. The containers Castor 440 are used for temporary storing of the burnt up fuel assemblies in the Czech nuclear power plant Dukovany. A set of periodical measurements was performed in order to get basic information on the time dependence of the photon fields spatial distributions and spectral characteristics in the temporary storage hall and its vicinity. The photon fields were measured by the scintillation system. The obtained photon fields spatial distributions and spectral characteristics present the information on the radiation hazard in the storage.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.619-629
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• 1998

An experimental work was conducted to investigate a feasibility of simultaneous measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flowrates with double orifice plates using air and water. The tests were carried out under the atmospheric pressure and at the ambient temperature using two different tube sizes. Qualities of an air-water flow in the present study have values less than 0.1 and thus the mixed flow showed bubbly, plug, slug flow regimes. The probability density function (PDF) and the power spectral density function (PSDF) of the instantaneous pressure drop traces for the flow regimes were obtained. It is found that some distinctive features exist in the distribution of these functions, depending upon the two-phase flow pattern. The time-averaged value of the instantaneous pressure drop increases with increasing gas and liquid flowrates, showing a single-valued function for the total mass flowrate and the quality. It is also found that the two-phase discharge coefficient exhibits a consistent trend for variation of dimensionless parameters such as the superficial velocity ratio and the gas Reynolds number. The results indicate that simultaneous measurement of two-phase flowrate may be possible based upon a statistical analysis of the instantaneous pressure drop curves monitored using double orifice plates.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.5898-5916
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• 2018

In this paper, the downlink performance of multi-cell distributed antenna systems (DAS) with a single user in each cell is investigated. Assuming the channel state information is available at the transmitter, four transmission modes are formulated as combinations of remote antenna units (RAUs) selection and cooperative transmission, namely, non-cooperative transmission without RAU selection (NCT), cooperative transmission without RAU selection (CT), non-cooperative transmission with RAU selection (NCT_RAUS), and cooperative transmission with RAU selection (CT_RAUS). By using probability theory, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a user's signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and the system ergodic capacity under the above four modes are determined, and their closed-form expressions are obtained. Furthermore, the system energy efficiency (EE) is studied by introducing a realistic power consumption model of DAS. An expression for determining EE is formulated, and the closed-form tradeoff relationship between spectral efficiency (SE) and EE is derived as well. Simulation results demonstrate their consistency with the theoretical analysis and reveal the factors constraining system EE, which provide a scientific basis for future design and optimization of DAS.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.768-780
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• 2023

The application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has recently attracted considerable interest in various areas. A three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output concentric two-hemisphere model is proposed to characterize the scattering environment around a vehicle in an urban UAV-to-vehicle communication scenario. Multipath components of the model consisted of lineof-sight and single-bounced components. This study focused on the key parameters that determine the scatterer distribution. A time-variant process was used to analyze the nonstationarity of the proposed model. Vital statistical properties, such as the space-time-frequency correlation function, Doppler power spectral density, level-crossing rate, average fade duration, and channel capacity, were derived and analyzed. The results indicated that with an increase in the maximum scatter radius, the time correlation and level-crossing rate decreased, the frequency correlation function had a faster downward trend, and average fade duration increased. In addition, with the increase of concentration parameter, the time correlation, space correlation, and level-crossing rate increased, average fade duration decreased, and Doppler power spectral density became flatter. The proposed model was compared with current geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) and showed good consistency. In addition, we verified the nonstationarity in the temporal and spatial domains of the proposed model. These conclusions can be used as references in the design of more reasonable communication systems.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

본 논문은 음악신호의 옥타브 밴드 상에서 주파수와 시간 방향의 순서 통계량에 기반한 음악분류기에 대한 연구이다. 음악의 화음 및 강약 구조를 표현하기 위해서 파워스펙트럼의 옥타브 밴드 순서 통계량을 이용하였다. 널리 사용되고 있는 두 음악 데이터셋을 이용한 성능 실험을 통해서, 옥타브 밴드 순서 통계량이 기존의 MFCC 와 옥타브밴드 스펙트럼 고저차 특징에 비해서 두 데이터셋에대해 각각 2.61 %와 8.9 % 장르 분류정확도가 개선되었다. 실험결과는 옥타브 밴드 순서 통계량이 음악 장르 분류에 적합함을 보인다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.557-568
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• 2018

An investigation is made in the present work on the post-buckling and geometrically nonlinear behaviors of moderately thick perfect and imperfect rectangular plates made-up of functionally graded materials. Spectral collocation approach based on Legendre basis functions is developed to analyze the functionally graded plates while they are subjected to end-shortening strain. The material properties in this study are varied through the thickness according to the simple power law distribution. The fundamental equations for moderately thick rectangular plates are derived using first order shear deformation plate theory and taking into account both geometric nonlinearity and initial geometric imperfections. In the current study, the domain of interest is discretized with Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto nodes. The equilibrium equations will be obtained by discretizing the Von-Karman's equilibrium equations and also boundary conditions with finite Legendre basis functions that are substituted into the displacement fields. Due to effect of geometric nonlinearity, the final set of equilibrium equations is nonlinear and therefore the quadratic extrapolation technique is used to solve them. Since the number of equations in this approach will always be more than the number of unknown coefficients, the least squares technique will be used. Finally, the effects of boundary conditions, initial geometric imperfection and material properties are investigated and discussed to demonstrate the validity and capability of proposed method.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2009년도 창립 20주년기념 특별학술발표회
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• pp.298-299
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• 2009

Use of a DLP-beam projector is proposed to measure solar cell quantum efficiency distribution. The measurement requires a good spatial uniformity of the beam from the projector. We measured the spectral power distribution of the beam projector and the spatial uniformity of the white beam. By changing the gray level of the white beam at the measured spatial points, we improved the spatial illuminance uniformity to be about 2 % which was otherwise as much as 400 %.