• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.18-25
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• 2011

A boundary-layer pump with a single disk has been experimented to obtain its characteristic curve by changing the impeller of a centrifugal pump to a single disk. The primary objective to use of these types of pumps is to avoid hurting water life during transportation unnecessarily. The change of impeller should degrade the performance of pump, so we used the method to increase the roughness on the disk with sandpaper and mesh. The enhancement of shear force from the rotation of disk to the internal flow brought an augmentation of momentum transport, and the characteristics were far improved from the original single-disk pump without decreasing the survival rate of water life in the case of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco (bullhead fish). However, in the case of Artemia cyst (zooplankton), the survival rate was very degraded due to the micro scale smaller than turbulent eddy size. The result of this study could be used for the design of transportation and bio-filtering of water lying on a specific bandwidth of its scale of size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.89-115
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• 2000

The present study attempts to (1) identify the critical dimensions that affect job performance of computer programmers and (2) clarify the specific behaviors that are related to each performance dimension, and measure them fairly and accurately. In particular, this study focus on producing a Behaviorally anchored Rating Scales (BARS) with a high level of acceptability by both raters and rates. 422 computer programmers from 8 companies participated in the process of developing the scale, which consisted of typical 5 phases. The results demonstrated that 13 performance dimensions were derived and the final job performance rating scale was made by vertically arraying 5 representative behavior anchors order by their scale value for each of 13 dimensions.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between the faller and the non-faller in the test for balance and fear of falling. This was also done to determine whether the balance and the fear of falling are correlated in the elderly. Method: Forty eight subjects participated in this study, who attended the senior center in Daegu. Prior to the test, demographic data was collected. As for the balance test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and One Leg Stance (OLS) were used. For measuring the fear of falling, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) were used. Independent t-test and Pearson's correlation was performed using PASW 18.0 for windows. Result: All balance tests, except OLS, and fear of falling could discriminate between the faller and the non-faller. There existed a significant correlation between some balance test and fear of falling (r=0.64~0.86). Conclusion: The findings indicate that assessing the falling in the elderly, there needs to be a consideration of multiple aspects including the fear of falling and not only the balance test.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate factors associated with depression and quality of life (QoL) among the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational research design. The subjects were 730 elders aged over 65 living in D district of Daegu. Data were collected using questionnaires for 30 days in April, 2007. The research instruments utilized in this study were a physical function scale of long-term care insurance system, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea Version (GDSSF-K), and Korean Quality of Life Scale (KoQoLs). The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan, stepwise multiple regression, and Spearman correlation. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 72.6, and 68.8% and 57.9% of subjects were, respectively, female and living alone. 12.3% of variance in depression was explained by age, education, economic status, subjective health, alcohol consumption, condition of teeth, and fall experience. 18.2% of variance in QoL was explained by economic status, number of diseases, condition of teeth, incontinence, paralysis, and IADL. Economic status and condition of teeth were contributing factors to depression and QoL of the elderly. Conclusion: Findings of this study may be useful in understanding the health status of the community-dwelling elderly and developing more regionally specific health promotion strategies.

• Survey Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.89-115
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• 2000

The present study attempts to (1) identify the critical dimensions that affect job performance of computer programmers and (2) clarify the specific behaviors that are related to each performance dimension, and measure them fairly and accurately. In particular, this study focus on producing a Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales(BARS) with a high level of acceptability by both raters and ratees. 422 computer programmers from 8 companies participated in the process of developing the scale, which consisted of typical 5 phases. The results demonstrated that 13 performance dimensions were derived and the final job performance rating scale was made by vertically arraying 5 representative behavior anchors ordered by their scale value for each of 13 dimensions.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.255-264
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effects of assertiveness training on Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses' assertive behavior, job stress, communication conflict, and self-esteem toward improving their communication skills and coping. Methods: The assertiveness training program was developed to a 10-hour program consisting of 3 sessions. The goals were to understand assertive behavior and learn how to practice assertive communication in general conflict situations and/or a difficult conflict situation in the ICU. Participants were 65 nurses recruited from a tertiary teaching hospital and of these, 27 nurses completed the program. Data were collected from Jan. 30th to Mar. 28th, 2009 using a questionnaire which included demographic characteristics, assertive behaviour scale, job stress scale, communication conflict inventory-specific, and self-esteem scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 14.0 for $x^2$ test and t-test. Results: ICU nurses in the experimental group had a significant increase in aspects of assertive behavior and a decrease in job stress. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that assertiveness training is effective in increasing ICU nurses' assertive behavior and decreasing job stress through reinforcement of assertiveness behavior.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.321-325
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• 2015

Determining the absolute neutrino mass scale and the neutrino mass hierarchy are central goals in particle physics, with important implications for the Standard Model. However, the final answer may come from cosmology, as laboratory experiments provide measurements for two of the squared mass differences and a stringent lower bound on the total neutrino mass - but the upper bound is still poorly constrained, even when considering forecasted results from future probes. Cosmological tracers are very sensitive to neutrino properties and their total mass, because massive neutrinos produce a specific redshift-and scale-dependent signature in the power spectrum of the matter and galaxy distributions. Stringent upper limits on ${\sum}m_v$ will be essential for understanding the neutrino sector, and will nicely complement particle physics results. To this end, we describe here a series of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations which include massive neutrinos, specifically designed to meet the requirements of the Baryon Acoustic Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) and focused on the Lyman-${\alpha}$ ($Ly{\alpha}$) forest - also a useful theoretical ground for upcoming surveys such as SDSS-IV/eBOSS and DESI. We then briefly highlight the remarkable constraining power of the $Ly{\alpha}$ forest in terms of the total neutrino mass, when combined with other state-of-the-art cosmological probes, leaving to a stringent upper bound on ${\sum}m_v$.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.2-10
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of curved walking training on balance confidence and fall efficacy in early stroke patients. Methods: The study included 16 early stroke patients who were randomly allocated to a curved walking training group (experimental group, N=8) and a straight walking training group (control group, N=8). Both groups performed the exercise 5 times a week for 3 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Results: After 3 weeks of training, both groups showed significantly improved ABC, FES, BBS, and TUG (p<.05 in both groups). However, the ABC, FES, BBS, and TUG scores in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that curved walking training may be effective at improving balance confidence and decreasing fall risk in early stroke patients. Therefore, curved walking training can be used as a recommended walking method in early stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Background: The requirements for postural and motor control in backward walking training (BWT) may improve balance and walking speed in patients with acute stroke. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of BWT on balance, balance confidence, and fall efficacy in this population. Design: Randomized controlled pilot trial. Methods: This study included 14 subjects with acute stroke (onset of illness less than one month). They were randomly allocated to a BWT (n=7) or forward walking training (n=7) group and observed five times in a week for a period of two weeks. Measurements were taken before and after the experiment using the Berg balance scale (BBS), Activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC), and Fall efficacy scale (FES). Results: The BBS, ABC and FES scores obtained in both groups after the experiment were significantly higher than those before the experiment (p<0.05). In addition, the BBS, ABC, and FES scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that BWT improved balance and balance confidence and decreased the risks of fall in patients with acute stroke. Further study is needed to better understand the effects of backward walking in acute stroke patients.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of side walking on balance confidence, falls efficacy and fall risk in acute stroke patients. Methods: The study included 14 patients with acute stroke who were randomly allocated to a side walking group (Experimental group, N=7) and a forward walking group (Control group, N=7). Both groups performed the exercise 5 times a week for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Korean-Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (K-ABC), Korean-Fall Efficacy Scale (K-FES), Korean-Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (K-FAB). Results: After 2 weeks of training, both groups showed significantly improved ABC, FES, FAB (p<.05 in both groups). However, the ABC, FES, FAB in the experimental group was significantly better than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that side walking training may be effective at improving balance confidence and decreasing fall down risk in early stroke patients. Therefore, side walking training may be recommended as an intervention in reducing the incidence of falls in acute stroke patient.