• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2016

In order to solve the problem of how to estimate the residential segregation, the Spatial Concentration Index(SCI) and Location quotient(LQ) are able to be one of alternative methods, and a comprehensive analysis of the residential segregation phenomenon in the seoul metropolitan area is the aim of the study. The results of SCI show that residential concentration areas in low-rent are some Gyeonggi-do's downtown(Bucheon-si, Suwon-si) as well as rural and urban-rural complex outskirts of the metropolitan area. The results of changing of SCI from 2011 to 2014, downward changes appeared thirteen districts and upward changes appeared fourteen districts. Especially downward change district was Sosa-gu, Bucheon-si and upward change district was Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si. In conclusion, that high rent level groups are more concentration on specific area than low rent level groups. By decreasing residential concentration districts in low-rent level group, 'diversity' districts have been increasing in seoul metropolitan but the phenomenon of residential concentration in high and low level group have been being intensified. These results could be confirmed by quantitative through LQ. Methodologically LQ would strengthen the explanatory power of SCI, and ongoing research of SCI in conjunction with other quantitative methods will need.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.10-21
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• 2006

The aim in this study is to develop the combined EGR system with a non-thermal plasma reactor for reducing exhaust emissions and improving fuel economy in turbo intercooler ECU common-rail diesel engines. At the first step, in this paper, the characteristics of performance and $NO_x{\cdot}THC$ emissions under four kinds of engine loads are experimentally investigated by using a four-cycle, four-cylinder, direct injection type, water-cooled turbo intercooler ECU common-rail diesel engine with a combined plasma exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) system operating at three kinds of engine speeds. The EGR system is used to reduce $NO_x$ emissions, and the non-thermal plasma reactor and turbo intercooler system are used to reduce THC emissions. The plasma system is a flat-to-flat type reactor operated by a plasma power supply. The fuel is sprayed by pilot and main injections at the variable injection timing between BTDC $15^{\circ}$ and ATDC $1^{\circ}$ according to experimental conditions. It is found that the specific fuel consumption rate with EGR is increased, but the fuel economy is better than that of mechanical injection type diesel engine as compared with the same output. Results show that $NO_x$ emissions are decreased, but THC emissions are increased, as the EGR rate is elevated. $NO_x$ and THC emissions are also slightly decreased as the applied electrical voltage of the non-thermal plasma reactor is elevated. Thus one can conclude that the influence of EGR in $NO_x$ and THC emissions is larger than that of the non-thermal plasma reactor, but THC emissions are greatly influenced by the non-thermal plasma reactor as the EGR rate is elevated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum conditions for making “sponge cake” with addition of ingredient, laver powder, and the quality characteristics of a new sponge cake. The moisture contents of sponge cake with 2, 4, 6% laver powder did not change but with 8 and 10%, the moisture contents increased to 28.89% and 30.69%, respectively. While specific gravity increased to 0.674 (control 0.493) when 10% laver powder was added, but volume was decreased. Most abundant mineral was Ca, followed by Na, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. The crust color degree of sponge cake with laver powder showed low marks on L, a, b. The crumb color degree showed low marks on L, b while “a” degree redness indicated highest marks with 4% laver powder. When it was seen under the microscope, the air cell numbers were decreased but the cell size became bigger. More free amino acid was contained when the laver powder was added. L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid and L-leucine were the major free amino acids. Hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience degree of sponge cake with addition of laver power were higher than those of control. The sensory evaluation indicated that addition of 2% laver powder enhanced most mouth feeling, appearance, hardness, moistness, flavor and overall acceptability.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.418-424
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• 2016

This study is an experimental study on the recycling of bottom ash in coal ash discharged from a thermal power plant. Bottom ash has limited research on recycling because it has more porous and higher water absorption ratio than fly ash. In this paper, the bottom ash was pulverized to a specific surface area of $4,000cm^2/g$ in order to use as a binder, and the flow, compressive strength test and microstructure analysis of the bottom ash based geopolymer mortar were performed. The flow measurement results of the geopolymer mortar showed that the flow rate was improved by increasing mixing water as the molar concentration of activator was increased. Compressive strength increased with increasing curing temperature and molar concentration. Through the microstructure analysis, we could confirm the geopolymer gel produced by the reaction of the condensation polymerization. It is considered that it is possible to make the bottom ash based geopolymer concrete through proper molar concentration of activator and high temperature curing.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2017

Objective : This study was to investigate the relationship between sensory processing patterns and sleep quality for poor sleepers enrolled in universities. Methods : The participants are 191 students, aged 18 to 25, at the 6 universities located in Busan, Daegu, and other Gyeongsang Provinces. These participants completed the Korean version of Adolescent/Adults Sensory Profile (AASP) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results : The group with lower sleep quality of this study participants suggested low but positive correlation with sleep disturbance which is one of sleep quality components of the PSQI. Low sensory registration suggested high positive correlation and Sensory sensitivity suggested low positive correlation with daytime dysfunction. Conclusion : We identified that sensory processing patterns and sleep quality may influence each other and sleep quality can be more significantly influenced by specific sensory processing pattern. More studies requires on sleep quality and sensory processing patterns in children, adults, and elders.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.1002-1007
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper studied the optimal hydrogen production condition of plasma reforming system to operate the PEMFC. Plasma reforming reactor used with Ni catalyst reactor at the same time, So $H_2$ concentration increased. Also the WGS and PrOx reactor were designed to remove CO concentration under 10 ppm, because CO has effect on catalyst poisoning of PEMFC. The maximum $H_2$ production condition in plasma reforming system was S/C ratio 3.2, $CH_4$ flow rate 2.0 L/min, catalytic reactor temperature $700{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ and input power 900 W. At this time, the concentration of produced syngas was $H_2$ 70.2%, CO 7.5%, $CO_2$ 16.2%,$CH_4$ 1.8%. The hydrogen yield, hydrogen selectivity and $CH_4$ conversion rate were 56.8%, 38.1% and 92.2% respectively. The energy efficiency and specific energy requirement were 37.0%, 183.6 kJ/mol. In additional, The experiment of $CO_2/CH_4$ ratio proceeded. Also WGS reactor experiment was proceeding on optimum condition of plasma reactor and the exit concentration were $H_2$ 68%, CO 337 ppm, $CO_2$ 24.0%, $CH_4$ 2.2%, $C_2H_4$ 0.4%, $C_2H_6$ 4.1%. At this time, experiment result of PrOx reactor were $H_2$ 51.9%, CO 0%, $CO_2$ 17.3%.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.836-841
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• 2016

An indoor positioning system using Wi-Fi is essential to produce a radio map that combines the indoor space of two or more dimensions, the information of node positions, and etc. in processing for constructing the radio map, the measurement of the received signal strength indicator(RSSI) and the confirmation of node placement information counsume substantial time. Especially, when the installed wireless environment is changed or a new space is created, easy installation of the node and fast indoor radio mapping are needed to provide indoor location-based services. In this paper, to reduce the time consumption, we propose an algorithm to distinguish the straight and curve lines of a corridor section by RSSI visualization and Sobel filter-based edge detection that enable accurate node deployment and space analysis using cable-type Wi-Fi node installed at a 3 m interval. Because the cable type Wi-Fi is connected by a same power line, it has an advantage that the installation order of nodes at regular intervals could be confirmed accurately. To be able to analyze specific sections in space based on this advantage, the distribution of the signal was confirmed and analyzed by Sobel filter based edge detection and total RSSI distribution(TRD) computation through a visualization process based on the measured RSSI. As a result to compare the raw data with the performance of the proposed algorithm, the signal intensity of proposed algorithm is improved by 13.73 % in the curve section. Besides, the characteristics of the straight and the curve line were enhanced as the signal intensity of the straight line decreased by an average of 34.16 %.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-145
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• 2012

This research was performed to review the marketing PR(MPR) strategy to build the brand image of Chungnam tourism for the inducement of foreign tourist. Because each local governments are looking for the industries of new growth power from the tourism industry recently, we applied the BI strategy of Chungnam tourism with expended BLC model and GRID model after we analyzed the variety of PR situation and tasks to build the Chungnam tourism's brand image in the competitive domestic and foreign tourism industry. In the result of the study, we set up the limited brand image of Chungnam tourism newly; also we derived a specific action plan. First of all, they need every possible means for Brand Awareness PR, Issue PR, Brand Loyalty PR, etc. depend on brand life cycle with the Chungnam's tourism service products. Secondly, for the each tourism service products, it is requiring to repositioning from present position (B, C, D area) to A area by MPR strategy. Finally, many additional MPR strategies should put in to support for building the brand image for the 'Tourism Chungnam'. The strategic SNS public relations are required with considerations of items that are necessarily need to have the reasons and circumstances for the new foreign tourists, so they can have experiences for the Chungnam Tourism. For the existing foreign tourists, we should keep to build relationship in order to give them trusts and to feel sympathy.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.4
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• pp.83-118
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• 2006

This study is to develop digital leadership in a field of national defense. Today, korean society is facing the crisis of national security. But national defense leadership is not show in the circumstance of national security crisis. As you know, national defense leadership is a process that make use of influence. Which means it converges people's interest and demands well and also show people the right vision of national defense and make them to comply the policy about national security. Because of the environmental change, our national defense leadership is having a new turning point. First, international order, which is under post-cold war, raises possibility of guarantee of peace and security in international society but also, cause the increase of multiple uncertainty and small size troubles in security circumstance. In addition, Korean society is rushing into democratization and localization period by success in peaceful change of political power went through about three times. The issue of political neutralization of military is stepping into settlement but still, negative inheritance of old military regime is worrying about it. In this situation, we can't expect rise in estimation about the importance of security and military's reason for being. So, military have to give their concern to not only internal maintenance of order and control and growth of soldiers but also developing external leadership to strength influence to society and military's the reason for being. So for these alternative I'm suggesting a digital leadership of national defense which fits digital era. This digital leadership is the leadership which can accept and understand digital technology and lead the digital organization. To construct digital national defense we need a practical leadership. The leadership has to be digital leadership with digital competence that can direct vision of digital national defense and carry out the policy. A leader who ha s digital leadership can lead the digital society. The ultimate key to construct digital government, digital corporate and digital citizen depends on digital leader with digital mind. To be more specific, digital leadership has network leadership, next generation leadership, knowledge driven management leadership, innovation oriented leadership. A leader with this kind of leadership is the real person with digital leadership. From now on, to rise this, we have to build up human resource development strategy and develop educational training program.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.483-492
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• 2020

Considering the fact that many students and parents spend a considerable amount of time and economic power on prior learning and that the environments of internet-based society change rapidly, it is worth examining the status and effectiveness of prior learning. In response, the study surveyed 186 first-year students of A high school in Changwon on the basic status of science prior learning. By the analysis results for the status, 39.8% of the students surveyed said they had experience in prior learning in science. Among the students experienced, 56 students who started science prior learning after the start of winter vacation in the third grade of middle school were analyzed the specific status of science prior learning and the impact of science prior learning on science achievements. The semi-subject form of pre-learning in science showed the highest response rate with 50.0 percent, and the motivation for pre-learning in science was the highest with 33.9 percent improvement in test scores. The confidence and learning intention were positive when conducting prior learning in a semi-subject form, and interest and value were positive when conducting prior learning in a self-directed form. As a result of the survey on the effect of science prior learning, 71.4% of the students who experienced science prior learning showed positive scientific achievement.