• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.226-231
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• 1992

This experiment was carried out to estimate the dry matter accumulation using growth analysis in spring growth of perennial ryegrass varieties grown under space planting conditions, based on the data of previous paper9'. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Growth parameters of leaf area ratio(LAR), specific leaf area(SLA) and leaf weight ratio(LWR) were recognized siginificant differences between varieties. But, specific leaf area(SLA), leaf weight ratio (LWR) and relative tiller appearance rate(RTAR) were recognized significant differences between growth stages. Specific leaf area(SLA) was significant difference for the interaction of variety Xgrowth stage. 2. The relative growth rate of biological yields(BYRGR) indicated significantly positive correlations with relative growth rate of shoot(RGR) and root(RWGR), and net assimilation rate(NAR) as affected by the varieties and growth stages. 3. The relative growth rate of biological yields(BYRGR) indicated significantly positive correlation with nct assimilation rate(NAR) in all varieties. Leaf area ratio(LAR) had significantly positive correlation with specific leaf area(SLA) in all varieties, but shows a significant negative correlation with leaf weight ratio(LWR) of Maprima variety. 4. The relative growth rate of biological yields(BYRGR) indicated significantly positive correlations with the absolute growth rates of yield components.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.339-345
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• 1997

The Arisaema robustum, perennial non-stem herb, population in the temperate forest of Sanseong-ri, Joongbu-myeon, Kyonggi Province was studied for leaf pattern and leaf growth from 1993 to 1995. The area of each side leaflet was larger than that of the apical leaflet in 3-leaflet form plants. But there was no significant difference among the leaflets (apical, 1st side and 2nd side leaflet) in t-testing of the 5-leaflet form plants. The specific leaf area (SLA) of the 3-leaflet form plant was greater than that of the 5-leaflet form plant, and the difference was significant at 0.1%. But differences of SLA value among the leafleats of the same leaflet form plants were minor. The area of leaflets or total leaf area was inversely proportioned to the their SLA values. Especially, the correlation coefficients (CC) between leaf area and SLA in apical leaflets and side leaflets of the 3-leaflet form plant compared to the 1st side leaflets of the 5-leaflet form plants were significant at the level of 1%. The differences between two sides in the dry weight and area of leaflets starting from the apical leaflets were about 5%. The CC values between attributes of the petiole (length and dry weight) and those of leaf blades (dry weight, leaf area and SLA) were high and significant at a 1% level. Especially, The CC value between the dry weight of the petioles and that of the leaf blades was higher than any others (r=0.952). The morphologies of the leaf margins were entire, medium serrate and serrate, and the same plant showed the same type from year to year. The plants usually had one leaf and occasionally 2 leaves. 1-leaf plants usually had 3 or 5 leaflets and occasionally 2 or 4 leaflets. Each year, the ration of individuals having the same number of leaflets was 72%, and that of individuals having a different number of leaflets was 27.54% (an increase of 20.4% and a decrease of 7.1% respectively). In the individuals increasing in the number of leaflets, the ration of individuals shifting from the 3-leaflet from to the 5-leaflet form was 14%. The increase ration of leaf area per individual a year was 37%, and the increase ratios of the plants increasing in leaflets were 60-70% regardiness of leaflet increase. The ratios of leaflet length/breadth were about 1-2, and the variations of those were 0.182-0.286 each year (12-20%).

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2017

Shade affects turf quality by reducing light for photosynthesis. The shade tolerance of the tropical grasses, Digitaria longiflora and Axonopus compressus were evaluated against Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustinegrass). The grasses were established under shade structures that provide 0%, 50%, 75% or 90% shade level for 30 days. A suite of leaf traits, recorded from similar leaf developmental stage, displayed distinct responses to shade conditions. Leaf length, relative to control, increased in all three species as shade level increased. The mean leaf extension rate was lowest in St. Augustinegrass (80.42%) followed by A. compressus (84.62%) and D. longiflora (90.78%). The higher leaf extension rate in D. longiflora implied its poor shade tolerance. Specific leaf area (SLA) increased in all species with highest mean SLA increase in D. longiflora ($348.55cm^2mg^{-1}$)followed by A. compressus ($286.88cm^2mg^{-1}$) and St. Augustinegrass ($276.28cm^2mg^{-1}$). The highest SLA increase in D. longiflora suggested its lowest performance under shade. The percent green cover, as estimated by digital image analysis, was lowest in D. longiflora (53%) under 90% shade level compared to both species. The relative shade tolerance of the three turfgrasses could be ranked as St. Augustinegrass > A. compressus > D. longiflora.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1127-1133
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• 2010

총광합성율의 변이는 순광합성율에 호흡율을 더해서 구한 것으로 계통간의 변이는 순광합성율과 대동소이하였으며 rosetteness는 초장, 초고 그리고 상대엽면적(SLA)과는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 보여 초장 및 초고가 클수록 잎의 부착밀도가 낮고 잎이 엷은 것으로 나타났다. 식물의 지상부 생장량은 호흡율에 의해 보다 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났는데 이는 호흡이 잎 뿐 아니라 줄기에서도 일어나는데 기인한 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 엽의 부착밀도가 낮은 계통들이 지상부 생육이 좋았는데, 이것은 광합성율을 높이기 위해서는 상대엽면적(SLA)이 큰 즉, 엽의 두께가 얇은 계통을 선발하는 것이 유리함을 말해 준다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted with nine wheat geno-types to choose the wheat which has excellent early vigour. 'Vigour 18' and 'ZL 59A' are excellent in the long coleoptile genotype, while 'Amery' and 'Janz' are excellent in the short coleoptile genotype. Responding to the growth stage and nitrogen level, Vigour 18 is predominant in the long coleoptile genogype, while Janz in the short coleoptile genotype. Responding to sowing density and nitrogen level, the higher the sowing density was, the shorter the leaf area of Vigour 18 and Janz. Also the leaf area turned out to larger in the plot fertilized with high nitrogen than in the plot fertilized with low nitrogen. This is true of leaf weight and root weight. Concerning specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf area ratio (LAR), the higher the sowing density was, the SLA tended to grow larger, while the SLA grew larger in the plot fertilized with low nitrogen, as were found in Vigour 18 and Janz. The roots of long coleoptile genotype, Vigour 18, turned out to grow longest on the plot sown with 3 seeds. While the roots of short coleoptile genotype, Janz, grew longest on the plot sown with 2 seeds. The relative growth rate (RGR) was the same at low N rates and high N rates. The RGR was 0.071 and 0.072 g $g^{-1}d^{-1}$ at low N rates and high N rates. The partitioning of RGR into net assimilation rate (NAR) and LAR showed that the average LAR at low N rates was similar to the LAR at high N rates. Variation within each cultivar in the LAR and NAR was small relative to the difference between them at low N rates and high N rates. Above ground mass was 8.2 mg greater at high N rates than low N rates, whereas leaf area was 0.05 $\textrm{m}^2$$kg^{-l}$ greater at high N rates than low N rates. The NAR was similar at low N rates and high N rates, whereas LAR was greater at high N rates (0.05 $\textrm{m}^2$$kg^{-l}$); variation in SLA was responsible for the variation in NAR and LAR both at low N rates and high N rates. NAR was more closely associated with the reciprocal of SLA.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.409-414
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• 2002

차광처리의 약광상태에서 더덕의 광합성속도에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인을 구명하여 물질생산에 관한 생리생태적 반응을 위한 기초 자료로 삼고자 본 실험을 수행하였던 바, 몇 가지 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 차광처리한 더덕의 엽위별 광합성속도는 처리 후 44일째에 뚜렷히 증가하였으며, 그 증가 정도는 상위엽보다 하위엽에서 현저하였다. 2. 광합성속도와 비엽면적은 부(負)의 1차회귀직선 상태를 보여 차광하에서 잎이 얇아지는 경향이었으며 광합성속도와 기공전도도, 기공전도도와 SPAD는 모두 정(正)의 상관관계가 인정되었다. 3. 광합성속도를 종속변수로 하고 비엽면적(SLA), SPAD, 기공전도도, 수분퍼텐셜을 독립변수로 하여 중회귀분석을 한 결과, 4요인에 대해서는 중사관계수가 $r=0.848^{**}$로 나타났으며 기공전도도의 표준편회귀계수가 가장 높아 광합성속도에 가장 영향이 컸으며 그 다음으로 SLA, SPAD 및 수분퍼텐셜의 순이었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2022

Leaf functional traits widely have been used to understand the environmental controls of resource utilization strategy of plants along the environmental gradients. By using key leaf functional traits, we quantified the relationships between leaf traits and local climate throughout the distributional range of Rhododendron caucasicum Pall. in eastern and western Georgian mountains (the South Caucasus). Our results revealed, that all traits showed high levels of intraspecific variability across study locations and confirmed a strong phenotypic differentiation of leaf functional variation along the east-west longitudinal gradient in response to the local climate; out of the explored climatic variables, the moisture factors related to precipitation and number of precipitation and dry days for winter and growth seasons were more strongly related to leaf trait variation than the elevation and air temperature. Among studied leaf traits, the leaf specific area (SLA) showed the highest level of variability indicating the different resource utilization strategies of eastern and western-central Rh. caucasicum individuals. High SLA leaves for western-central Caucasian individuals work in relatively resource-rich environments (more humid in terms of precipitation amount and the number of precipitation days in winter) and could be explained by preferential allocation to photosynthesis and growth, while eastern Caucasian samples work in resource-poor environments (less humid in terms of precipitation amount and the number of precipitation days in winter) and the retention of captured resources is a higher priority appearing in a low SLA leaves. However, more evidence from a broader study of the species throughout its distribution range by including additional environmental factors and molecular markers are needed for firmer conclusions of intraspecific variability of Rh. caucasicum.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2001

Sword bean belongs to the subgenus Canavalia in the genus Canavalia. White and reddish varieties in sword bean were tested to obtain the basic information for improving the yield, quality, and cultural environments through the quantitative growth analysis. Growing plants were sampled at intervals of 10 days from 20 days after sowing. Whole plant weight increased during the period of 11-20 days after sowing in both varieties. The weight of each organ between two varieties increased similarly except leaf area. Whole plant weight changed more close to pod weight than any other characters. The leaf areas of both varieties increased from 50 days after sowing, var. white displayed S type curved line but var. reddish displayed slow S type curved line. The SGR of whole plant weight in both varieties had 3 maxima and 2 minima, 3 maxima and first minimum were shown at the same period but the second minimum was shown at different period. Both varieties showed bimodal curved line. All SGR of each organ and leaf area were shown the 2 maxima and 1 minimum in both varieties. The changes of SLA and LAR were not remarkable between two varieties but these were united together with the maximum of whole plant weight and root weight. ULWR and ULWR were shown similar in both varieties. Reddish variety was more prosperous in early growth stage than white variety because SLA, LAR and LWR were high. In surplus weight, both varieties increased rapidly during the period of 111-120 days after sowing that was applicable to the maximum SGR of pod weight. Surplus weight of var. white increased markedly during the same period comparing those of var. reddish.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.463-467
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• 2004

식물 군락구조계를 이용하여 벼의 품종 및 생육단계별로 엽면적지수를 측정하여 실측치와 비교 분석함으로써 비파괴적 방법으로 엽면적을 측정하고자 동진벼 등 4품종을 공시하여 2년간$('01\~'02)$ 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 군락구조계로 측정한 엽면적지수 값(추정치)과 엽면적측정기로 측정한 엽면적지수 값(실측치)과는 고도의 유의적인 상관관계를 나타냈다. 2. 군락구조계로 측정한 엽면적지수와 엽면적기를 이용한 엽면적지수와는 공시품종 모두 고도의 상관이 있었으며 품종간에는 동진벼>소비벼>다산벼> 합천 1호의 순으로 두 측정치가 일치하는 경향이었다. 또한 대부분의 품종에서 엽면적지수가 4내외일 때 두 값이 가장 잘 일치하였다. 3. 비엽중과 엽면적 비율은 생육이 경과함에 따라 적어지는 경향이었고, 품종간에는 다산벼>소비벼$\fallingdotseq$극동진벼> 합천1호의 순으로 컸으며 합천1호는 단위 무게당 엽면적이 $160m^2/kg$내외로 두 측정치 모두 현저히 적었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.24-39
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• 2021

Background: To address the lack of evidence supporting invasion by three invasive plant species (Imperata cylindrica, Lantana camara, and Chromolaena odorata) in tropical ecosystems, we compared the ecophysiological and leaf anatomical traits of these three invasive alien species with those of species native to Sempu Island, Indonesia. Data on four plant traits were obtained from the TRY Plant Trait Database, and leaf anatomical traits were measured using transverse leaf sections. Results: Two ecophysiological traits including specific leaf area (SLA) and seed dry weight showed significant association with plant invasion in the Sempu Island Nature Reserve. Invasive species showed higher SLA and lower seed dry weight than non-invasive species. Moreover, invasive species showed superior leaf anatomical traits including sclerenchymatous tissue thickness, vascular bundle area, chlorophyll content, and bundle sheath area. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that leaf anatomical traits strongly influenced with cumulative variances (100% in grass and 88.92% in shrubs), where I. cylindrica and C. odorata outperformed non-invasive species in these traits. Conclusions: These data suggest that the traits studied are important for plant invasiveness since ecophysiological traits influence of light capture, plant growth, and reproduction while leaf anatomical traits affect herbivory, photosynthetic assimilate transport, and photosynthetic activity.