• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.4
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• pp.360-368
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• 1991

Utilizing chi-square test statistics, inter-species association and covariation were analyzed for the 37 woody plant species in a deciduous forest dominated by Quercus mongolica and Q. variabilis. within 50 temporarily established $20m{\times}20m$ square quadrats, the association for each pair of species was presented based on the presence-absence parameters. Acer palmatum had significant positive association with Acer mono and Kalopanax pictus, but negative association with Pinus densiflora. Other positively associated species pairs were Prunus sargentii-Macckia amurensis, Quercus serrata-Kalopanax pictus, Symplocos chinensis var. pilosa-Euonymus oxyphyllus, and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica-Lindera obtusiloba. The covariation far each pair of species was evaluated based on the quantitative measures, density and basal area. Overall results showed that the association and covariation values among species generally agreed with each other. Because covariation was calculated by density and basal area of the tallied species in the sample plots, the number of species pairs of covariation tended to be greater than those of association. Especially, Pinus densiflora, considered to be pioneer species in the successional stage, had negative covariation with most of climax species. These ecological information could be applied to silvicultural practices, such as ecosystem classification, establishment of mixed hardwood forest, and tending operations for marking crop trees and desirable species.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 2006

For identification of four sibling species of the Anopheles hyrcanus complex found in Korea, the 5.8 rDNA-ITS2-28S rDNA region of each species was sequenced and the species-specific primers wee designed The amplified PCR products obtained from each species were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The result showed a single species- specific band, I.e. 559bp, 432bp, 322bp and 192bp for An. sinensis, An. sp., An. lesteri and An. pullus, respectively. In conclusion, the species-specific PCR primers designed from ITS2 variable regions functioned successfully and specifically, and can be applied as a useful tool for identifying species of the Anopheles hyrcanus complex found in Korea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 1991

Analysis of the characteristics and the grouping of the species of sown and weeds in artificial pastures was studied applying the principal component analysis method. Presency and coverage of six sown species and fifteen weed species which occurred in pastures of under-grazing and optimumgrazing were subject to analysis. From field survey, species were divided into three groups: the group A included five species such as Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne and Dactylis glomerata, etc., the group B included eleven species such as Polygonum longisetum, Agrostis alba and Rumex obtusifolius, etc., and the group C included five species such as Miscanthus sinensis, Rubus palmatus and Artemisia princeps, etc. The group A species corresponded to good pasture conditions and management. On the contrary, the group C species occurred in poor pasture conditions with inadequate management. The group B species corresponded to intermediate pasture conditions and management. Interrelated pair species co-existing and species non-co-existing were discovered. Factor loading as negative for the group A species. positive for the group C species and positive but lower than the group C species for the group B species. From these results it is concluded that the principal component analysis seems to one of the useful tools for the analysis of characteristics of species and the diagnosis of sown pasture vegetation, although further studies are required to get more general information about species characteristics.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 1998

The forest vegetation of Mt. Odae based on the interspecific relationship was classified into 4 groups : Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis and Patrinia saniculaefolia. Thirty-one species of Quercus mongolica group including Quercus mongolica and Acer mone, 12 species of Pinus densiflora group comprising Pinus densiflora and Spodiopogon sibiricus, 6 species of Quercus variabilis group and 4 species of Patrinia saniculaefolia were positively correlated. in the results of species ordination by principal component analysis, 7 clusters by the humidity and acidity of soil, 4 clusters by the humidity and light intensity and 7 clusters by the acidity and light intensity were formed. The plot ordination showed that the distribution of species based on the humidity, soil acidity and total organic matters was in the order of Pinus densiflora, Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica groups, and based on the light intensity was in the order of Quercus variabilis, Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica groups.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2016

Classified into sub-tree of the growth-form, Acer pseudosieboldianum and Carpinus cordata hardly reach the uppermost canopy with limited height growth potentiality in the natural deciduous forest. However, the two species usually dominate lower stories of the forest, playing an important role in overall ecological characteristics in the forest. Based on the vegetation data of 106 $20m{\times}20m$ sample plots in Mt. Jumbong area, this study was carried out to evaluate ecological constitution by several quantitative analysis so as to understand the mechanism of the natural deciduous forest. The results indicated that individuals of A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata were absent or few in overstory, but emerged the most dominant species in midstory and understory, providing adequate proof of the ecological importance. The comparison of indices of succession between presented and predicted values in midstory did not make much difference, suggesting that the species composition would not change much and come close to steady state in midstory and understory. The pair combination of species association noted that A. pseudosieboldianum had significant positive association with C. cordata, Quercus mongolica, and Tilia amurensis had significant positive association with A. pseudosieboldianum, A. pictum subsp. mono and Fraxinus mandshurica but negative association with F. rhynchophylla. Being compared with other major canopy tree species in the study forest, the target species of A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata had strong regeneration strategies, partially characterized by large number of saplings and pole sized trees and high ratio of live crown, which indicated high shade tolerance to survive in the limited amount of light under the canopy. Even though A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata do not reach and occupy the canopy layer mainly due to the inherent growth form, they would have highest competitive potentiality to prosper and dominate in the midstory of the natural deciduous forest.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

Objectives : This objective of this study was to develop the Korean herbology of the plants belonging to Amygdalaceae in Korea. The literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article.Methods : The 22 herbological books and research papers published at home and abroad were researched into their total catalog, medicinal plants, distribution, medicinal properties, actions etc.Results : There are totaled to 1 genus and 48 species in Amygdalaceae in Korea and among them, medicinal plants were 1 genus, 17 species, some 35 % in total. The Fructus is the main medicinal parts in the Amygdalaceae, which was used in 18 species. According to nature and flavor of medicinal plants in the Amygdalaceae, they were classified into balance 22 species, and warm 11; bitter taste 23, sweet taste 14 and sour taste 13 in the order. According to meridian propism of medicinal plants in the Amygdalaceae, they were classified into large intestine meridian 13 species, lung and liver meridian 11 species respectively. According to the properties and principal curative action, they were classified into drugs for activation of blood 11 species, drugs for detoxification 10 species, drugs for clearing away heat 9 species in the order. The number of toxic species in the Amygdalaceae was examined to be 5 species.Conclusions : Among 48 species in Amygdalaceae in Korea, medicinal plants are 17 species, and are mostly used for drugs for activation of blood, which are 11 species.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.631-641
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• 2017

A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic trematode (ZT) metacercariae in fish from a local market in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 264 fish (12 species) were collected through 4 times from December 2013 to June 2015. All collected fish were transferred to our laboratory on ice and examined by the artificial digestion method. More than 7 species of ZT metacercariae, i.e., Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp. were detected. Metacercariae of H. taichui were collected in 58 (42.3%) out of 137 fish (5 species), and their average density was 42.9 per fish infected. Metacercariae of H. pumilio were detected in 96 (49.0%) out of 196 fish (9 species), and their average density was 23.6 per fish infected. H. yokogawai metacercariae were found in 40 (50.0%) out of 80 fish (5 species), and Centrocestus spp. metacercariae in 91 (50.8%) out of 179 fish (8 species), and their densities were 306 and 25.8 per fish infected, respectively. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only in mullets, Chelon macrolepis. A total of 280 Procerovum sp. metacercariae were found in 6 out of 12 climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. Morphological characteristics of adult flukes recovered from experimental animals were described. It has been first confirmed that fish from Yangon, Myanmar are commonly infected with various species of ZT metacercariae.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2010

Stand structure and spatial associations of the dominant tree species in Quercus mongolica stands were investigated to understand interspecific relationships and the persistent dominance of Q. mongolica. We examined the species composition, DBH (diameter at breast height) distribution, and spatial distribution of trees (${\geq}\;2.5\;cm$ DBH) in two permanent $100\;m\;{\times}\;100\;m$ plots in Q. mongolica-dominant stands on the western part of Mt. Jiri. Ripley's K-function was used to characterize the spatial patterns and associations of dominant tree species. Q. mongolica showed a continuous and reverse-J shaped DBH distribution with clumped spatial distribution in both study sites. Q. mongolica and Abies koreana exhibited a negative association implying potential interspecific competition. The positive spatial association between Q. mongolica and Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica and Fraxinus sieboldiana were affected by site characteristics: limited habitat conditions with a large proportion of rock surface. Our results suggest that interactions among species were complex and ranged from positive to negative. Differences in stand and site characteristics and regeneration mechanisms among the species play an important role in regulating their spatial distribution patterns, while competition between individuals also contributes to spatial patterning of these communities. The high density and the early developmental stage of spatial distribution and structural characteristics of Q. mongolica and the relatively low importance values of other species in the stands imply that Q. mongolica will remain dominant in the study sites in the near future.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

Objective : For the purpose of developing Korean herbology of the plants to Polyporaceae in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article. Methods : The examined herbological books and research paper which published domestically and abroad. Results : 1. Polyporacease plants (raised in Korea) are devided into 31 classes with 59 species. Among them, 26 species in 19 classes were found serviceable, which indicates 44 % of all Polyporacease plants. 2. Among those 59 species, $Coriolus$ $Phellinus$ $Trametes$ includes 5 species. $Ganoderma$, a medicinal plant, includes 3 species. 3. Dividing the serviceable plants of Polyporacease, the fruit body family had the largest number; 25. 4. Out of plants Polyporacease, neutral taste plants was 17 species and sweet taste was 14 species. 5. Only 8 species of Polyporaceae plants were found to enterd into the spleen and heart. 6. 11 species were found to prevent cancer, 7 species were found to dispel wind-dampness and Alleviate edem antittusive and antasth matic. 7. There were no toxic species in the Plyporaceae. Conclusion : There were totaled to 31 genera and 59 species in Polyporaceae in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 19genera, 26 species, some 44% in total.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1513-1518
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• 2005

The work reported here is an attempt to explore the possibility of DNA microsatellite loci transfer (cross-species amplification) to other economically important aquacultured catfish species other than its source species. A total of 25 new microsatellite loci developed for riverine catfish, Mystus nemurus were successfully cross-amplified in two distantly related catfish species within the suborder Siluroidei. Five out of the 19 loci that successfully cross-amplified in Pangasius micronemus were polymorphic, while for Clarias batrachus, cross-amplification was successful using 17 polymorphic loci. The observed heterozygosities were high for all the three catfishes. The results indicated that microsatellite loci could be as polymorphic in non-source species as in the source species.