• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 1990

To obtain the useful information for the status of working environment and health management of workers in manufacturing industries, comparision of results on the status of working environmental and health management of workers for 32 manufacturing industries in Chunan area from 1988 to 1989 was carried out. The results were as follows : 1. The rate of over-PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) to for hazardous factors decreased significantly 23.5% in 1988, 18.3% in 1989 (p<0.05) and, the highest rate of over-PEL was the stone and sand handling industry, the highest rate of over-PEL was the dusty workplace as 38.5% in 1988, 35.2% in 1989. 2. The rate of workers exposed to hazardous factors in 1988 and in 1989 was 22.4% respectively, the rate of workers checked up special health examination was 40.1% in 1988, 75.3% in 1989. In stone and sand handling and medicochemical industries, none of workers exposed to hazardous factors was subjected to special health examination in 1988, but 75% of workers exposed to hazardous factors had checked up in 1989. 3. The 6 industries appointed as part-time factory physician among 17 industries which were supposed to have factory physician according to the Safety and Healthy Act of Korea, 6 out of 24 industries only appointed industrial hygienist, furthermore 4 out of 6 hygienists had another duty in addition to occupational hygiene itself.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.843-855
• /
• 1995

Occupational Dentistry was introduced in Korea about 70 years ago. During the colonial period occupied by Japan till 1945, there were few documents about industrial dentistry, furthermore most cases of occupational diseases and accidents might have been concealed intentionally by the colonial government. After being an independent country, several dentists made efforts to set up 'Preventive Dentistry for Workers' performing specific oral health surveys, even though which were stopped by Korean War. In 1960s' and 1970s', some investigations of oral status were carried out intermittently for specific small groups;white-collar workers, mentally retarded person, buddhist monks and crews of ocean liners. At the same time there was important study in Korean history of occupational dentistry, which was 'a comparison of the oral hygiene conditions in the female workers of a spinning factory at intervals of 30 years.' In 1980s', young researchers began to give attention to erosion of the teeth due to sulphuric acid in the acid-related industry and dental caries due to sugar and flour in the sweets industry. After being democratic labor union movement activated in 1987, hidden and suppressed occupational diseases under the military dictatorship were exposed and flushed in the newspapers. It was shocking for all people that 15-year old boy had been dead due to mercury intoxication after 3-month employment in 1988. In 1990s', the activity for studying oral status of workers in their workplaces was launched and 'Occupational Accidents and Diseases in Oral and Maxillofacial Field' was published. And also The Korean Association of Occupationl Dentistry was established. Oral health examination of workers at the time of employment and of workers exposed to 5 special chemicals at the time of routine special health examination was adopted in 1992, and epocally oral health examination was also included in periodic routine examination of workers' health in 1995. So, occupational dentistry in Korea should cope with the changing needs of working environment and the altering scheme of health examination.

• 한국사회정책
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.171-195
• /
• 2013

산재보험의 현안 이슈 중의 하나는 인적 적용 범위에 관한 것이다. 우리나라에서는 근로기준법상의 근로자 개념과 산재보험법상의 근로자 개념을 일치시켜 적용하면서 사회적 보호 필요성이 제기되는 집단에 한정해서 특례규정을 적용하여 임시적으로 문제를 해결하여 왔다. 본 논문에서는 독일 사회법전과 문헌 연구를 통해 자원봉사자와 특수형태근로종사자 중심으로 독일 산재보험의 적용 방식을 분석하고 시사점을 도출하였다. 독일에서는 우리나라와 달리 의료기관이나 사회복지시설의 자원봉사자, 공공기관과 교회의 자원봉사자, 시민보호를 위한 자원봉사자, 생명구조 활동자, 헌혈자 및 장기 기증자 등을 법률에 의한 당연가입대상자로 적용하고 있다. 국가가 공익 목적의 자원봉사 활동을 적극 지원하여 자원봉사가 활성화되어 있으며, 이러한 지원의 일환으로 자원봉사 활동 관련 재해 위험을 산재보험제도를 통해 보호하고 있다. 산재보험의 적용대상이 종속적 고용관계에 있는 근로자에서 출발하여 확대되는 배경과 과정을 자원봉사자 중심으로 독일 문헌에 기초해 정리하였다. 본 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 독일 산재보험제도는 종속적 고용관계에 있지 않은 사회적 취약집단에게 재해 보호 서비스를 제공할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 둘째, 사회복지 분야 자원봉사자에게 재해 보호 서비스를 제공할 필요가 있으며 적용방법으로 산재보험제도를 활용하는 것이 바람직하다. 셋째, 사회복지 분야 자원봉사자를 산재보험 당연가입대상자로 설정하여 제도를 운영할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 특수형태근로종사자에 대해서는 우리나라가 독자적인 해결방안을 강구해야 한다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.78-82
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to review the labor force partitpation rate and work environment characteristics of female workers to provide basic information for establishment and implementation of effective policies related to accident prevention and workers health protection for female workers. It was analyzed employment status, work environment and injuries and illnesses based on economic activity census results, compensation of industrial injury and the second working condition survey. According to economic activity census results, female labor force participation rate has been steadily increased, whereas male labor force participation rate has been decreased since 1970. Industrial accident rate has been declined in male workers but that in female workers has been steadily increased even though male workers were higher accident rate than female workers. It was evaluated that female workers are vulnerable to industrial injuries and illnesses in the aspect of their working environment and employment status. Also, Substantial differences between female and male workers in occupational exposure patterns, occupational disease and occupational environments were observed. Therefore it was recommended that special care programs for female workers such as a specialized monitoring and management program should be introduced in the near future.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 1992

Patterns in the outbreaks of senile diseases were investigated on 1, 264 workers by special examination among the 43, 210 industrial workers by the screening test performed in Kwang-ju and Chon-nam Branch of Korean Industrial Health Association from January 4 to December 31 in 1991. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Prevalence rate of senile diseases of industrial workers was 2.9%. And prevalence rate according to the kinds of senile diseases was observed in the order of hepatitis (0.9%), hypertension(0.7%), diabetes mellitus(0.5%), anemia(0.4%). 2) Prevalence rate of complicated senile diseases of industrial workers was 0.5%. And prevalence rate according to kinds of complicated senile diseases was observed in the order of others hypertension and arteriosclerosis (0.1%), HBV and others chronic hepatitis(0.1%), essential hypertension and arteriosclerosis(0.03%), iron deficiency anemia and leukopenia(0.03%).

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.16-21
• /
• 2010

It has been well known that organic industrial solvents such as toluene, xylene and styrene are environmental health hazards causing occupational diseases to workers. The detection of biological metabolites of toluene, xylene and styrene in blood, urine, breast milk, saliva, and hair of workers exposed to these organic industrial solvents is a useful tool for assessing the amount of organic industrial solvents. Therefor, the external analytical quality assurance program is extremely important work for increasing reliability of the data analyzed in the special health examination laboratory. We evaluated the results of analysis by Korean analytical quality assurance program from the second half 2007 to the first half 2009. The number of participants for analytical quality assurance program for both mandatory item and one of optional items, hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid were 116-122, 116-122 and 105-115 laboratories, respectively. The proficient rate of the special health examination laboratories analyzed both mandatory item and optional item, hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid were 92-98%, 92-98% and 96-98%, respectively. We can conclude from our data that the analytical quality assurance program is a essential tool for improvement of reliability on the data analyzed in the special health examination laboratories.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.277-283
• /
• 2019

이 연구에서는 특수교사와 직장동료가 판단하는 지적장애인의 직업적 성공요인의 범주별 및 전체 요인별 서열을 비교, 분석하였는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 특수교사와 직장동료 모두 작업관련 기술군을 가장 중요하게 생각하였다. 특수교사는 사회적 기술군을, 직장동료는 개인적 기술군을 더 중요하게 생각하였다. 특수교사는 자신이 맡은 일을 잘 처리하고, 감독자의 지시에 잘 따르며, 흥미를 가지고 일을 하는 것을 중요한 요인으로 꼽았고, 직장동료는 감독자의 지시에 잘 따르고, 자신이 맡은 일을 잘 처리하는 것을 무엇보다 중요하게 생각하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 지적장애인의 직업 및 진로 교육과정을 개발하는 데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 산업노동연구
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.105-137
• /
• 2013

이 글은 오랫동안 사회적인 쟁점이 되어왔던 현대자동차(현대차)의 사내하청(비정규직) 문제를 둘러싼 원청-정규직 노조-비정규직 노조의 관계를 검토하고 바람직한 해결방안을 찾기 위한 것이다. 현대차에서 사내하청의 정치는 회사와 정규직 노조 사이의 내부노동시장을 둘러싼 '갈등적 담합', 회사와 비정규직 노조 사이의 '배제와 저항', 그리고 정규직 노조와 비정규직 노조 사이의 '연대적 갈등' 관계를 축으로 전개되어 왔다. 2012년 대법원의 최종판결 이후 비정규직 해법을 둘러싼 3주체 사이의 갈등과 담합/연대관계는 한층 증폭된 형태로 나타나고 있다. 원하청 특별교섭(협의)의 지속적인 파행이나 비정규직 노조와 회사 사이의 심화된 갈등, 그리고 정규직 노조와 비정규직 노조 사이에서 나타나는 연대의 위기 등은 이를 단적으로 보여주는 사례이다. 현대차에서 사내하청 문제를 풀기 위해서는 정규직-비정규직 노조의 통합, 그리고 내부노동시장에서의 '교섭된 유연화'를 통해 3자 사이의 모순적인 관계를 양자 사이의 '갈등적 협력관계'로 전환시키는 방안을 검토할 수 있다. 단기적으로는 법의 준수를 바탕으로 하는 단계적인 정규직 전환과 비정규직의 처우개선이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 그 결과 현대차 기업노동시장은 정규직-합법도급-직접고용 기간제로 구성될 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.34-43
• /
• 1977

This study attempts to examine the performances of Myun Health Workers-the frontline workers in the Korean rural health care delivery system. The time-activity approach was mainly utilized as a measuring tool. This study was undertaken in September 1976 with 35 Myun Health Workers at the Kang Wha County. The pretested time-activity approach sheets were filled out daily for one month by those Myun Health Workers themselves. Statistical means and variances of analysis were utilized for statistical method in comparing some activities and functions converged into time distribution Findings: 1. The workers's average working hours derived in this study is 8 hours and 48 minutes per day, which takes half an hour longer than normal schedule. 2. They spend 56% working hour for direct services, in other words, the main function, 22% for supportive function, and 22% for other activities, the unrelated health services. 3. Considering the total working hours of main function, out-center activity is far more than in-center services with the ratio of 70% to 30% respectively, which proves, therefore, that the main activity of the workers is home visiting. 4. It takes 20 minutes purely for home visiting and takes 14 minutes for transportation. 5. This research also indicates that such factors as characteristics of the health workers and myun influence in shaping the structures of the worker's function and activity: a. The workers whose working site is located in myun office spend 15% among total working hours in carring out official myun activities, which is incidentally unrelated to health services, while the health subcenter have no rooms for administrative jobs for myun office. b. The workers whose office is in health subcenter contribute much time in doing main function and those working in special project distribute more time in performing supportive function. c. The types of workers are another dominant factor to influence the components of worker's functions and activities. MCH workers and MPW I spend much time for manipulating main function. d. MPW II, whose function is reorganized by special project in 2 myuns shows different pattern of time distribution compared to the TB worker orFP worker in the ordinary area. MPW II distributes their time evenly in performing MCH program, T.B. Program, F.P. program and education activity, while the unipurpose workers engage in carring out only their dominant role. e. Another variables which involve the variation of the worker's activity can be illustrated with the variables like target population, size of myun and convenience for transportation, among which the latter two are remarkable factors in determining the time for out-center service.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.207-215
• /
• 2021

There is a risk of serious injury to workers who work at height in pier construction process. By using auto climbing formwork system that does not need to dismantle and reinstall formworks, it is possible to improve work efficiency and safety of workers. However, auto climbing formwork system still requires workers to work on a pier for rebar connection works and so on. In order to eliminate works by workers on the pier, robot manipulators with special end effectors are proposed. Through analysis of works on the pier, three specialized end effectors which are a gripper, a rebar coupler press, and a concrete vibrator, are suggested. Also, new pier construction scenario by the suggested system is confirmed using 3d modeling. It is expected that the proposed system and method enables pier construction without workers on piers. It will increase safety and efficiency of pier construction.