• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 2018

Canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are spindle cell tumors that arise from Schwann cells, perineural cells, fibroblasts or all of them. Based on the morphology and biologic behavior, PNSTs are divided into benign PNST (BPNST) and malignant PNST (MPNST) forms. The aim of this study is to diagnose the two cases of neoplastic tissue samples with features of PNSTs by the histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The study was performed using two specimens from small animal clinic. The first case, A was a mass, 3~4 cm in diameter, extruded from vaginal mucosa of 10-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog. And the second case, B was a subcutaneous mass, 1.5 cm in diameter, which is originated from right hind leg of 9-year-old castrated male mixed-breed dog. Two cases were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histopathological examination. And also immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method with antibodies specific for the following proteins: S-100 protein, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In results, Antoni B schwannoma pattern characterized by pleomorphic, round and fusiform polygonal cells was seen in A. In B, Antoni A pattern, densely packed spindle cells arranged in interlacing bundles was seen in addition to Antoni B pattern. In IHC, cytoplasms of neoplastic cells were diffusely labeled for S-100 expression in A and B. For SMA, both A and B show negative expression. And for EGFR, A shows negative expression but B shows partially positive expression in areas of Antoni B schwannoma pattern. The histopathologic features of two cases coupled with the S-100 immunoreactivity led to a diagnosis of PNST. For SMA, both A and B show negative expression. The diagnosis of A will be a BPNST with the negative result and B will be a MPNST with the positive result for EGFR.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.183-186
• /
• 2015

A four-year-old spayed female Maltese dog weighing 3 kg was referred with reverse sneezing and fourmonth history of unilateral nasal discharge. She was diagnosed as nasal transitional carcinoma which in bilateral nasal cavity and extending into the frontal sinus by biopsy with rhinoscopy. Metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide ($12.5mg/m^2$) and toceranib phosphate (2.5 mg/kg) was initiated following after surgical treatment of nasal mass debulking. Clinical response was good and had no side effects during the chemotherapy period (11 months after diagnosis). This is a case report describing adjuvant metronomic chemotherapy in nasal transitional carcinoma in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.605-609
• /
• 2010

A 10-year-old spayed female Yorkshire terrier presented with vomiting, and anorexia. Obstructive choledocholith with concurrent pancreatitis and hepatorenal syndrome was diagnosed based on analyses of the blood profiles, abdominal radiographs, ultrasonography and CT. Choledoliths were removed from the common bile duct, yet the patient died suddenly 10 days after surgery. Recurrent choledolithiasis has not been reported in a cholecystectomized dog and this report focuses on the imaging features of ultrasonography and CT of recurrent choledoliths.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 1982

A massive mycetoma was observed in the abdominal cavity of a 3-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever dog originated from France. The mycetoma lesion involved adhesion with one-half of the spleen, several portions of the small and large intestine, and the diaphragem. Histologically the distinct hypertrophy of the intestinal muscle layer, wide-spread deposition of the hemosiderin through the affected abdominal organs and thrombosis of splenic arterioles with atheromatous change were recognized as persistant, debilitating changes of the affected organs. From the histological appearance of the fungal colonies it was presumed that the causative fungus to be identified as Allescheria boydii.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.152-158
• /
• 2021

A 3-year-old spayed female beagle dog was presented with epiphora, severe hemorrhagic and purulent ocular discharge in the right eye (OD). A reflux of the discharge through the other canaliculi, associated with signs of chronic inflammation, was observed on cytology. Dacryocystorhinography revealed retention of contrast media ventral to the lower punctum, indicating complete obstruction and the potential presence of radiolucent foreign body. Ocular discharge subsided after the first treatment, including flushing of the nasolacrimal duct and application of topical antibiotics and corticosteroids, but clinical symptoms of the dacryocystitis waxed and waned thereafter. Surgical treatment was delayed for 8 months due to Dirofilaria immitis infection, and topical treatment and monthly flushing were maintained. On the day of operation, a foreign body was released through the fistula, while flushing for disinfection under general anesthesia, just before the surgery. Dacryocystectomy was performed to remove necrotic tissue and residual foreign body around the nasolacrimal cyst. Upon histopathologic findings, the removed foreign body was considered to be a plant, and the nasolacrimal cyst was comprised of chronic active ulcerative inflammation and necrotic tissues. At the 1-week recheck, improvement of epiphora and ocular discharge and healing of the surgical site was noted. In conclusion, nasolacrimal duct foreign body can be considered in recurrent dacryocystitis, despite nasolacrimal flushing and topical medication. In this study, dacryocystectomy was curative without recurrence of dacryocystitis or epiphora.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.45-48
• /
• 2021

A 6-year-old, 26 kg spayed female Great Dane presented with back pain and hindlimb paresis. On neurological examination, severe pain was detected on the lumbosacral joint displaying nerve-root signature. The animal presented with lower motor neuron paresis with normal deep pain perception. Radiographic examination revealed narrowing of the lumbosacral joint disc space with endplate destructive lysis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral joint revealed a cauda equina compression, especially on the left. On T2 and T1-weighted images, a mass sized 1 × 1 cm was identified laterally to the left of the lumbosacral joint with hyperintense signal. The lumbosacral joint was stabilized by applying the dorsal distraction fixation-fusion technique and dorsal laminectomy. The soft tissue mass was removed, and a bacterial culture was performed. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. were detected and discospondylitis was treated with clindamycin for 6 weeks. The patient showed clinical improvement without pain and hindlimb paresis until 6 months follow-up postoperatively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2022

A 12-year-old spayed female beagle dog was presented with pollakiuria and stranguria. Abdominal ultrasonography identified irregular a marginated, hyperechoic mass in the urethra and trigon area of the bladder. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a heterogeneous mass in the trigone area leading to a urethra. There was no evidence of regional or distant metastasis. Cytologic analysis suspected transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). The patient was treated with piroxicam, mitoxantrone, and once weekly fractionated radiation therapy (RT) with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). A follow-up CT scan at 6 months after RT revealed a reduction in tumor size. At 17 months after the start of RT, the patient became severely anorectic and lethargic. Ultrasound examination revealed a hyperechoic mass in the apex area of bladder while the trigone area of the bladder and urethra appeared normal. Multiple hypoechoic nodules of various sizes were found in the liver and spleen. The patient was humanely euthanized at the request of the owner. A combination of piroxicam, mitoxantrone, and hypofractionated RT with VMAT protocol was well tolerated. This case described tumor response and survival time of a canine TCC treated with piroxicam, mitoxantrone, and once weekly palliative RT using computer-assisted planning and VMAT.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.283-287
• /
• 2023

A 10-year-old spayed female beagle dog presented with a 2-month history of third-eyelid elevation in the left eye (OS). Ophthalmic examination revealed slightly diminished corneal and palpebral reflexes along with exophthalmos in the OS. Schirmer's tear test and intraocular pressure values were within the normal range for the OS. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed protrusion of the third eyelid and corneal opacity in the OS. Fundoscopy revealed a prominent black mass in the OS covering the optic nerve. Tapetal hyper-reflectivity was also observed around the mass. Ocular ultrasonography showed a 0.74 × 0.67 cm echogenic posterior segment mass around the optic nerve protruding into the retrobulbar space. Computed tomography revealed a contrast-enhanced soft tissue lesion in the posteromedial aspect of the left eyeball protruding into the retrobulbar region, and the optic nerve was suspected to be involved. No evidence of osteolytic changes in the adjacent bone or distant metastasis was observed. Enucleation was performed to prevent potential metastasis or local invasion of the mass and to relieve discomfort due to exposure to keratopathy resulting from lagophthalmos. Histopathological examination revealed a central choroidal melanocytoma extending into the optic nerve. No local recurrence was detected until 16 months postoperatively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.62 no.1
• /
• pp.6.1-6.4
• /
• 2022

A 10-year-old, spayed female, Doberman Pinscher dog presented with right forelimb lameness. On physical examination, painful reaction and crepitation were present at the right shoulder. Radiographic evaluation of the shoulder revealed nothing remarkable. On the ultrasonography of the right shoulder joint, 2 small echogenic masses accompanied by reverberation artifacts were observed in the right biceps tendon near its origin at the supraglenoid tuberosity. Based on these findings, we suspected biceps calcifying tendinopathy. Clinical signs resolved intermittently after administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. This study described the ultrasonographic findings of calcifying biceps brachii tendinopathy which is an unusual finding in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2024

A 10-year-old spayed female Poodle was referred for blindness. On ophthalmic examination, loss of bilateral ocular pupil light reflex, visual loss, and right retinal detachment were confirmed at a local hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed to identify the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and brain disease. A sessile mass centered on the region of the optic chiasm was identified. The mass had iso- to hypointense on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and T2-weighted images and mildly hypointense on T1-weighted images compared to the gray matter, with strong contrast enhancement. Peripheral edema was also identified. Computed tomography (CT) brain perfusion was performed to obtain additional hemodynamic information about the patient using a multislice CT. CT perfusion showed that the cerebral blood volume in the left temporal lobe region (13.4 ± 1.6 mL/100 g) was decreased relative to the contralateral region (19.9 ± 0.3 mL/100 g). The patient showed decreased appetite and consciousness one week after the CT scan with clinical symptoms worsened. The patient had seizure, tetraparesis, and loss of consciousness. It was euthanized one month later at the request of the owner. This report suggests that CT brain perfusion can provide additional hemodynamic information such as insufficient brain perfusion in sellar region tumor which can help assess potential complications and prognosis and plan treatment.