• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.934-939
• /
• 2004

Railway wheel/rail contact conditions have an influence on dynamic behavior of rolling stock. If there are problems of incompatibility between wheel and rail, damages like wheel wear, wheel spalling, rail wear, etc are occurred. Especially wheel and rail profiles are important factor of vehicle curving performance, so compatibility study between wheel and rail has to be carried out preferentially, In this study, we have analyzed the compatibility between wheel and rail of KNR conventional line to improve the maintenance efficiency of wheel and rail. Thus we showed the results relating to wheel/rail geometric contact, vehicle running performances as the change of wheel/rail combination.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 2023

In this paper, seismic performance evaluation was carried out for eight circular reinforced concrete columns designed seismically by KRTA[1]and KCI[8]. Primary design parameters for such columns included many longitudinal reinforcements, yield strength of reinforcements, the vertical spacing of spirals, aspect ratio, and axial force ratio. The test results showed that all the columns exhibited stable hysteretic and inelastic responses. Based on the test results, drift ratios corresponding to each damage state, such as initial yielding, initial cover spalling, initial core concrete crushing, buckling, and fracture of longitudinal reinforcement and final spalled region, were evaluated. Then, those ratios were compared with widely accepted damage limit states. The comparison revealed that the existing damage states were considerably conservative. This implies that additional research is required for the damage limit states of such columns designed seismically by current Korean design codes.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 1993

It is important to prevent roll failure in hot rolling process for reducing maintenance coat and production loss. Roll material and rolling conditions such as the roll force and torque have been intensively investigated to overcome the roll failures. In this study, a computer roll life prediction system under working condition is developed and evaluated on IBM-PC level. The system is composed and fatigue estimation models which are stress analysis, crack propagation, wear and fatigue estimation. Roll damage can be predicted by calculating the stress anplification, crack depth propagation and fatigue level in the roll using this computer model. The developed system is applied to a work roll in actual hot rolling process for reliability evaluation. Roll failures can be diagnosed and the propriety of current working condition can be determined through roll life prediction simulation.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 콘크리트포장 확장접속부의 추적조사를 통해 시공 및 설계상의 문제점을 확장구간의 평탄성 저하, 진동이 콘크리트에 미치는 영향, 접속부의 접속불량의 관점에서 분석하였다. 기존 측대 일부분만 절단한 경우 접속부에 윤하중이 반복 집중되어 종종 과도한 벌어짐과 단차로 이어지는 것이 목격되었다. 또한 팻칭된 부분에 균열이 재 발생되는 모습도 관찰하였다. 2004년 같은 시기에 신설 준공된 구간과 평탄성을 비교한 결과 확장 준공된 구간의 평탄성 값이 다소 높게 나타났다. 확장구간 설계 시 3차선 4차선으로 확장하는 경우 기존 구간에 설치된 타이바의 내력이 부족해지는 경우에 대해 설명하였다. 현행 타이바를 시공하는 방법에 의한 타이바의 정착강도가 소요강도의 57%에 불과하므로 대안을 제시하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2006

Steel, as a reinforcing mechanism in concrete, provides the tensile strength that is lacking in concrete, alone, and the high alkaline environment (pH 12.5) in concrete offers satisfactory protection against most corrosion of the steel. However, the corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete can occur by chloride attack or carbonation, and it can cause a loss of integrity a section and concrete failure through cracking and spalling. In this study, a transient electro magnetic method (TEM) of a nondestructive technique is adapted to study the measuring method of steel corrosion in mortar. The sensor was made of an enameled wire, with a diameter of 0.25mm and anacril. He sensor configuration used was a coincident loop type. The secondary electro motive force (2nd EMF) was measured with SIROTEMIII, which equipped the accelerator. The accelerator allowsthe transmitter to turn off approximately $10\sim15$ times faster than normal. The high-resolution time series, used for very shallow or a high resistivity investigation was selected. After steels were corroded by the salt spray, during 4, 8, 15 and 25 days, they were embedded in mortar. The content results acquired in this study are as follows. The variation of the secondary electro motive force (2nd EMF) was shown by the change of steel surface with different corrosion time steel. It was confirmed that measurement of steel corrosion in mortar by a transient electro-magnetic method (TEM) can be possible.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.193-197
• /
• 2008

Recently, it increases in use of CFT(Concrete filled steel tube, below CFT) that is an excellent internal force and deformation capacity because material and method are required to be diversification and High-Performance according to increase the super-high structure. And it is proposed to use high-strength Concrete Filled steel Tube Column. But it is difficult quantitative evaluation about fire-resist performance of CFT because steel tube bind concrete. Also, the case of high strength CFT is feared that spalling occur inside. Therefore, this study made CFT specimen that determine the factor(which is strength of concrete) and then CFT column was exposed to heating controlled as closely as possible the ISO-834 standard fire curve. Also, it tried to analyze internal temperature through nonlinear transient heat flow analysis.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.251-269
• /
• 2014

To investigate the seismic performance and to obtain quantitative parameters for the requirement of performance-based bridge seismic design approach, 12 reinforced concrete (RC) hollow rectangular bridge column specimens were tested under constant axial load and cyclic bending. Parametric study is carried out on axial load ratio, aspect ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and transverse reinforcement ratio. The damage states of these column specimens were related to engineering limit states to determine the quantitative criteria of performance-based bridge seismic design. The hysteretic behavior of bridge column specimens was simulated based on the fiber model in OpenSees program and the results of the force-displacement hysteretic curves were well agreed with the experimental results. The damage states of residual cracking, cover spalling, and core crushing could be well related to engineering limit states, such as longitudinal tensile strains of reinforcement or compressive strains of concrete, etc. using cumulative probability curves. The ductility coefficient varying from 3.71 to 8.29, and the equivalent viscous damping ratio varying from 0.19 to 0.31 could meet the requirements of seismic design.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2019

Due to the underground openings, the tangentially concentrated stress of the tunnel remains larger at excavation boundary and decreases toward the interior of the surrounding rock with a certain gradient. In order to study the effect of different gradient stress on rockburst, the true-triaxial gradient and hydraulic-pneumatic combined test apparatus were carried out to simulate the rockburst processes. Under the different gradient stress conditions, the rock-like specimen (gypsum) was tested independently through three principal stress directions loading--fast unloading of single surface--top gradient and hydraulic-pneumatic combined loading, which systematically analyzed the macro-mesoscopic damage phenomena, force characteristics and acoustic emission (AE) signals of the specimen during rockburst. The experimental results indicated that the rockburst test under the gradient and hydraulic-pneumatic combined loading conditions could perfectly reflect the rockburst processes and their stress characteristics; Relatively high stress loading could cause specimen failure, but could not determine its mode. The rockburst under the action of gradient stress suggested that the failure mode of specimen mainly depended on the stress gradient. When the stress gradient was lower, progressive and static spalling failure occured and the rockburst grades were relatively slight. On the other hand, shear fractures occurred in rockbursts accounted for increasingly large proportion as the stress gradient increased and the rockburst occurred more intensely and suddenly, the progressive failure process became unconspicuous, and the rockburst grades were moderate or even stronger.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.299-307
• /
• 2022

Cement-based matrixes have low tensile strength and negligible ductility. Adding fibres to these matrixes will improve their mechanical properties and make these composites suitable for structural applications. Post-cracking tensile strength of steel fibers-reinforced cementitious composite materials is directly related to the number of transverse fibers passing through the crack width and the pulling-out behavior of each of the fibers. Therefore, the exact recognition of the pullout behavior of single fibers is necessary to understand the uniaxial tensile and bending behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete. In this paper, an experimental study has been carried out on the pullout behavior of 3D (steel fibers with totally two hooks at both ends), 4D (steel fibers with a total of four hooks at both ends), and 5D (steel fibers with totally six hooks at both ends) in which the fibers have been located either perpendicular to the crack width or in an inclined manner. The pullout behavior of the mentioned steel fibers at an inclination angle of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 degrees and with embedded lengths of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 millimetres is studied in order to explore the simultaneous effect of the inclination angle of the fibers relative to the alongside loading and the embedded length of fibers on the pullout response in each case, including the maximal pullout force, the slip of the maximum point of pullout force, pullout energy, fiber rupture, and concrete matrix spalling. The results showed that the maximum pullout energy in 3D, 4D, and 5D steel fibers with different embedded lengths occurs at 0 to 30° inclination angles. In 5D fibers, maximum pullout energy occurs at a 30° angle with a 25 mm embedded length.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2009

화재가 발생할 경우 터널 구조물은 일정하중 재하조건에서 화재로 인한 온도상승으로 인해 강도저하가 유발되며, 이러한 강도저하에 의해 축력비가 변화하게 되어 구조체에 변형이 발생하게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일정하중 재하조건과 터널화재구현이 가능한 재하연동 가열로를 개발하여 콘크리트 라이닝의 화재 실증실험을 수행하였다. 실험체는 EFNARC에서 규정한 소규모 실물실험체 형상조건을 준용하였으며, 배합강도는 일반강도인 24MPa와 고강도인 40MPa 50MPa를 선정하여, 강도에 따른 열적특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 하중 재하비는 20%와 40%를 기준으로 가열시 일정재하조건을 부여하였으며, 터널화재곡선 중 가장 급격한 온도상승으로 인해 콘크리트의 열 충격효과가 구현될 수 있는 MHC Fire를 선정하여 가열실험을 수행하였다. 실험수행결과 동일한 하중비에서 고강도로 갈수록 균열이 증가되었으며, 폭렬은 고강도인 50MPa 실험체에서 발생하였다. ITA의 한계온도조건 콘크리트 라이닝의 성능기준에 따른 화재손상부위는 전체 200mm 라이닝에서 가열면으로부터 평균 50mm 깊이가 기준에 미 부합되는 것으로 도출되었다.