• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.605-613
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• 2014

Scanning white-light interferometry is an important measurement option for many surfaces. However, serious profile measurement errors can be present when measuring free-form surfaces being highly curved or tilted. When the object surface slope is not zero, the object and reference rays are no longer common path and optical aberrations impact the measurement. Aberrations mainly occur at the beam splitter in the interference objective and from misalignment in the optical system. Both effects distort the white-light interference signal when the surface slope is not zero. In this paper, we describe a modified version of white-light interferometry for eliminating these measurement errors and improving the accuracy of white-light interferometry. Moreover, we report systematic errors that are caused by optical aberrations when the object is not flat, and compare our proposed method with the conventional processing algorithm using the random ball test.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

The warpage on mobile phone camera packages occurs due to the CTE(Coefficient of Thermal Expansion) mismatch between a thin silicon die and a substrate. The warpage in the optical instruments such as camera module has an effect on the field curvature, which is one of the factors degrading the optical performance and the product yield. In this paper, we studied the effect of die bonding epoxy on the package and optical performance of mobile phone camera packages. We calculated the warpages of camera module packages by using a finite element analysis, and their shapes were in good agreement showing parabolic curvature. We also measured the warpages and through-focus MTF of camera module specimens with experiments. The warpage was improved on an epoxy with low elastic modulus at both finite element analysis and experiment results, and the MTF performance increased accordingly. The results show that die bonding epoxy affects the warpage generated on the image sensor during the packaging process, and this warpage eventually affects the optical performance associated with the field curvature.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2022

Remote-sensing optical payloads, especially hyperspectral imagers, have particular issues with stray light because they often encounter high-contrast target/background conditions, such as sun glint. While developing an optical payload, we usually apply several stray-light analysis methods, including forward and backward analyses, separately or in combination, to support lens design and optomechanical design. In addition, we often characterize the stray-light response over a full field to support calibration, or when developing an algorithm to correct stray-light errors. For this purpose, we usually use forward analysis across the entire field, but this requires a tremendous amount of computational time. In this paper, we propose a sequence of forward-backward-forward analyses to more effectively investigate the through-field response of stray light, utilizing the combined advantages of the individual methods. The application is an airborne hyperspectral imager for creating hyperspectral maps from 900 to 1700 nm in a 5-nm-continuous band. With the proposed method, we have investigated the through-field response of stray light to an effective accuracy of 0.1°, while reducing computation time to 1/17^th of that for a conventional, forward-only stray-light analysis.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.112.2-112.2
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• 2012

For the study of fine-scale structure and dynamics in the solar chromosphere, the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) was installed in 1.6m New Solar Telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory in 2010. The instrument, installed at a vertical table of the Coude lab, is properly working and producing data for science. From the analysis of the data, however, we noticed that a couple of problems exist that deteriorate image quality : lower light level and poorer resolution of the CaII band data. After several tests, we found that the relay optics at the right position is crucial role for the spatial resolution of raster-scan images. By using resolution target, we re-aligned relay optics and other components of the spectrograph. Here we present the result of optical test and new data taken by the FISS.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2012

The Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the Department of Astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin are developing a near infrared wide-band high resolution spectrograph, immersion grating infrared spectrometer (IGRINS). The compact white-pupil design of the instrument optics uses seven cryogenic mirrors, including three aspherical off-axis collimators and four flat fold mirrors. In this study, we introduce the optomechanical mount designs of three off-axis collimating mirrors and one flat slit-viewer fold mirror. Two of the off-axis collimators are serving as H and K-band pupil transfer mirrors, and are designed as system alignment compensators in combination with the H2RG focal plane array detectors in each channel. For this reason, the mount designs include tip-tilt and parallel translation adjustment mechanisms to properly perform the precision alignment function. This means that the off-axis mirrors' optomechanical mount designs are among the most sensitive tasks in all IGRINS system hardware. The other flat fold mirror is designed within its very limitedly allowed work space. This slit-viewer fold mirror is mounted with its own version of the six-point kinematic optics mount. The design work consists of a computer-aided 3D modeling and finite element analysis (FEA) technique to optimize the structural stability and the thermal behavior of the mount models. From the structural and thermal FEA studies, we conclude that the four IGRINS mirror mounts are well designed to meet all optical stability tolerances and system thermal requirements.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.269-277
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• 1998

$Li_2B_4O_7$의 완화현상은 이온 깡총뛰기에 의한 것과, 공간전하에 의한 완화현상의 두 가지 종류가 나타나며 이들의 완화시간은 실온 이상에서 모두 $10^2sec$보다 짧은 것으로 보고되었다. 지금까지 논의되지 않은 매우 낮은 주파수 (mHz 혹은 Hz)에서 나타나는 완화현상을 관찰하기 위하여 $30{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ 온도영역에서 TSDC(Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current) 특성에 관한 실험과 사각형 파의 바이어스 전압을 인가하였을 때의 유전특성 조사에 의하여 이온 및 전자 trap에 의한 완화특성을 논의하였다. TSDC 조사를 통하여 $Li_2B_4O_7$의 TSDC 전류곡선이 두 개의 anomaly를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. TSDC 에서 나타난 anomaly는 공간전하보다 수천배나 더 긴 완화시간을 갖고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌으며 이 중 저온 쪽의 anomaly는 공간전하 층에 수입된 전자들이 양의 공간전하 층에 trap 되어 공간전하의 재 분포를 방해하는 역할을 하여 trap 되어 있던 전자와 이온이 서로 분리되면서 공간전하의 재 분포가 이루어지는 전도기구에 기인하는 것으로 여겨진다. 또한 고온쪽의 anomaly는 음의 전하운반자가 전극에 흡착되어 나타나는 완화 mechanism으로 생각된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 1996

국내에서 유통되고있는 상품화된 근용안경의 광학적중심점과 이를 사용하는 노인들의 동공중심간거리를 비교하여 근용안경이 눈에 미치는 영향을 중심으로 문제점을 연구하였다. 45세 이상의 사람 702명의 원거리 동공중심간거리(P.D)를 측정하여 이를 기준으로 근거리 P.D를 산출하여 상품화되어 유통되고있는 근용안경 240개의 광학적 중심간 거리를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 동공간 거리는 나이에 관계없이 평균적으로 남자 62.83mm, 여자 61.18mm로 조사되었고 상품화된 근용안경의 광학적 중심간거리는 Plastic Lens 재질의 제품이 71.2mm, Glass Lens 재질의 제품이 70.8mm로 조사되어 이를 사용한 사람은 남자 0.7Prism에서 3.6Prism, 여자 0.9Prism에서 4.4Prism까지 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2015

We fabricated the Cu Schottky contact on an n-type Ge wafer and investigated the forward bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in the temperature range of 100~300 K. The zero bias barrier height and ideality factor were determined based on the thermionic emission (TE) model. The barrier height increased and the ideality factor decreased with increasing temperature. Such temperature dependence of the barrier height and the ideality factor was associated with spatially inhomogeneous Schottky barriers. A notable deviation from the theoretical Richardson constant (140.0 Acm^-2K^-2 for n-Ge) on the conventional Richardson plot was alleviated by using the modified Richardson plot, which yielded the Richardson constant of 392.5 Acm^-2K^-2. Finally, we applied the theory of space-charge-limitedcurrent (SCLC) transport to the high forward bias region to find the density of localized defect states (N_t), which was determined to be 1.46 × 10¹² eV^-1cm^-3.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2011년도 한국우주과학회보 제20권1호
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• pp.30.4-31
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• 2011

The Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and the Department of Astronomy at the University of Texas at Austin (UT) are developing a near infrared wide-band high resolution spectrograph, IGRINS (Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrograph). The white-pupil design of the instrument optics uses 7 cryogenic mirrors including 3 aspherical off-axis collimators and 4 flat fold mirrors. Two of the 3 collimators are H- and K-band pupil transfer mirrors and they are designed as compensators for the system alignment in each channel. Therefore, their mount design will be one of the most sensitive parts in the IGRINS optomechanical system. The design work will include the computer-aided 3D modeling and finite element analysis (FEA) to optimize the structural stability of the mount models. The mount body will also include a tip-tilt and translation adjustment mechanism to be used as the alignment compensators.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.91.2-91.2
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• 2014

A near infrared wide-band high resolution spectrograph, immersion grating infrared spectrometer (IGRINS) has been jointly developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the University of Texas at Austin. The compact white-pupil design of the instrument optics includes five cryogenic flat mirrors including a slit mirror, an input fold mirror, a dichroic mirror, and H&K camera fold mirrors. In this study, we introduce the optomechanical mount designs of the five cryogenic mirrors. In order to meet the structural stability and thermal requirements of the mount models, we conducted the design work with the aid of 3-dimensional computer modeling and the finite element analysis (FEA) method. We also present the actual fabricated parts and assemblies of the mounts and mirrors as well as their CAD models.