• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.675-687
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• 2017

In the aerospace industry, we have produced various models according to operational conditions and the environment after development of the base model is completed. Therefore, when design change is necessary, there are modification and updating costs of the circuit whenever environment variables change. For these reasons, recently, in various fields, system designs that can flexibly respond to changing environmental conditions using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are attracting attention, and the rapidly changing aerospace industry also uses FPGAs to organize the system environment. In this paper, we design the controller area network (CAN) intellectual property (IP) protocol used instead of the avionics protocol that includes ARINC-429 and MIL-STD-1553, which are not suitable for small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems at the register transistor logic (RTL) level, which does not depend on the FPGA vender, and we verify the performance. Consequentially, a Spartan 6 FPGA model-based system on chip (SoC) including an embedded system is constructed by using the designed CAN communications IP and Xilinx Microblaze, and the configured SoC only recorded an average 32% logic element usage rate in the Spartan 6 FPGA model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.114-121
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• 2004

Thermal design changes and analysis on the engineering model of Command Telemetry Unit(CTU) for a geostationary communications satellite arc performed for the purpose of developing an engineering qualification model. A thermal model is developed by using power consumption measurement values of each functional board and thermal cycling test results. In modeling heat dissipated EEE parts, heat dissipation is imposed evenly on the EEE part footprint area which is projected to the printed circuit board. All the EEE parts of CTU meet the requirement of their allowable temperature range when placed on the engineering qualification level of thermal vacuum environments in accordance with the proposed thermal design changes.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.355-374
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• 2009

We analysed the old automatic clock and time signal system that was used by the national astronomical agency in East Asian Area. Jagyeongnu is a kind of water clock that was operated by the flowing water in Joseon Dynasty. Seowoongwan managed the water clock so as to keep the standard time system in the dynasty from the 16th year (1434) of King Sejong's reign. In 1438 the Okru that was invented in the period. Such kind of clock system already was used in China, which was Shui $y\ddot{u}n$ i hsiang t'ai (水運儀象壹) in 1092. During the period Joseon Dynasty, China and Japan had been kept the time system that one day is divided into 12 shin (12辰) or 100 gak (刻). However detailed part of the system had a little difference among the three countries. Though the whole system of water clock in Joseon had manufactured on the basis of Chinese, it had been gradually developed by own method and idea. In this study we show the historical records of the standard time keeping system in East Asian history. And then we can inform materials on the structure and functional devises for the purpose of new restoration models about the automatic clock and time system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.70-78
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• 2002

The landscape disign of Gamcheon wholesale fish Market was designed around a turnkey base to promote the economy of Busan Metropolitan City, to establish a fishery marketing center and to modernize existing facilities. The objectives of the project were to promote the mood of an old market, while preserving its functions and efficiency as a market, to design outdoor spaces with natural resources and amenities in balance, and to create attractive tourist spots in connection with the wide area development plan. The project was oriented, fast, to enhance the functions of the market. For this purpose, a multi-dimensional space layout was designed in consideration of functions as a wholesale market. The safety of pedestrians was secured by separating lathes for vehicles and for pedestrians. Tree planting with various functions such as sheltering, wind breaking and guiding was planned. Secondly, nature-friendly and human-friendly landscaping design was attempted. For this, the beautiful natural resources of Amnam Park were utilized, and green spaces such as green bridges linking buildings in the wholesale market, and rooftop gardens were to be arranged. In addition, environment-friendly facilities such as roads paved with natural materials(i.e. gravel, shells) and program parking lots were to be planned. Thirdly, landscape design was considered to create attractive tourist spots. For example, a fish farm was created as a theme street for pedestrians and various water-friendly spaces such as pedestrian ramps, observatories and seaside streets were to be secured. The main contents are as follows. First, a green bridge to Ahnnam Park was introduced for a tour source and flower garden, an event plan and viewing deck open to the sea were planned on the bridge's axis. Secondly, for the effective land use plan concerning open space and convenience to visitors, a promenade was planned, which is connected with the theme plaza and small plazas by environmental sculptures in front of the market hall and at the gate. As well, an observatory and a roof garden help create three dimensional multi leveled space, with a good view of the natural landscape of the sea, sky and park Thirdly, landscape materials, such as trees and those for facilities, strengthened for protection against the seawind and salt damage were selected. The commercial market area was intended to be transformed a traditional functional area of efficiency and economy into an attractive marine leisure area where both tourists and neighbors can make use of it.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.224-233
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• 2010

As urban function has become diversified and complicated, multifunctional complex facilities to satisfy new functional desires are necessary. Since local autonomy started, many facilities previously run and managed by central administrative agencies are now under management of localities, and functionally, the necessity for governments complexes town to satisfy diverse taste of populace such as creating local community becomes imminent. Analyzing characteristics by space composition factor of the public health center, newly built as part of such governments complexes town and understanding required area of each part, this project is to be used as basic material for construction plan of public health center that is equipped with local characters while devising construction of the public health center in the governments complexes town. Research method is to analyze four public health center facilities located in governments complexes town sites built after 2007, among twenty five public health centers in Seoul, by spatial functions. Also, based on statistical documents of usage of public health center facilities, research over spatial compositional factors and area composition has been conducted. As a result, connectivity between local government building located inside the governments complexes town and public health center and that of spatial composition factor by part, area ratio by part and floor type of public health center are comprehended. Connectivity type of public health centers are divided into horizontal and vertical connectivity and it is found that spatial composition of public health center is compartmentalized into low level, mid level and high level, to make access by users easier. Level type is decided as radial, rotational and combined by hallway connecting facilities.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.427-468
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• 2015

To date, we have considered the theoretical views, the standpoint of states and the discourse within the international community such as the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space(COPUOS) regarding the Air/Outer Space Boundary Question which is one of the first issues of UN COPUOS established in line with marking the starting point of Outer Space Area. As above mentioned, discussions in the United Nations and among scholars of within each state regarding the delimitation issue often saw a division between those in favor of a functional approach (the functionalists) and those seeking the delineation of a boundary (the spatialists). The spatialists emphasize that the boundary between air and outer space should be delimited because the status of outer space is a type of public domain from which sovereign jurisdiction is excluded, as stated in Article 2 of Outer Space Treaty. On the contrary art. I of Chicago Convention is evidence of the acknowledgement of sovereignty over airspace existing as an international customary law, has the binding force of which exists independently of the Convention. The functionalists, backed initially by the major space powers, which viewed any boundary demarcation as possibly restricting their access to space, whether for peaceful or non-military purposes, considered it insufficient or inadequate to delimit a boundary of outer space without obvious scientific and technological evidences. Last more than 50 years there were large development in the exploration and use of outer space. But a large number states including those taking the view of a functionalist have taken on a negative attitude. As the element of location is a decisive factor for the choice of the legal regime to be applied, a purely functional approach to the regulation of activities in the space above the Earth does not offer a solution. It seems therefore to welcome the arrival of clear evidence of a growing recognition of and national practices concerning a spatial approach to the problem is gaining support both by a large number of States as well as by publicists. The search for a solution to the problem of demarcating the two different legal regimes governing the space above Earth has undoubtedly been facilitated and a number of countries including Russia have already advocated the acceptance of the lowest perigee boundary of outer space at a height of 100km. As a matter of fact the lowest perigee where space objects are still able to continue in their orbiting around the earth has already been imposed as a natural criterion for the delimitation of outer space. This delimitation of outer space has also been evidenced by the constant practice of a large number of States and their tacit consent to space activities accomplished so far at this distance and beyond it. Of course there are still numerous opposing views on the delineation of a outer space boundary by space powers like U.S.A., England, France and so on. Therefore, first of all to solve the legal issues faced by the international community in outer space activities like delimitation problem, there needs a positive and peaceful will of international cooperation. From this viewpoint, President John F. Kennedy once described the rationale behind the outer space activities in his famous "Moon speech" given at Rice University in 1962. He called upon Americans and all mankind to strive for peaceful cooperation and coexistence in our future outer space activities. And Kennedy explained, "There is no strife, ${\ldots}$ nor any international conflict in outer space as yet. But its hazards are hostile to us all: Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation may never come again." This speech seems to even present us in the contemporary era with ample suggestions for further peaceful cooperation in outer space activities including the delimitation of outer space.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.225-239
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to look for the basic formative elements of housekeeping space of our cultural life which are worthy to succeed and develop by revaluating in modern view and to reveal what we should maintain form the women's view of the housework in those days. In this study, out look on Chosun Dynasty housekeeping is based on the norm of the women in those days. The research on the housekeeping space for norm of the women in those days. the research on the housekeeping space for Chosun Dynasty upperclass is focused on the house built from early till late Chosun Dynasty, which is now a cultural asset. As a result, norm of Chosun Dynasty have created a social wide atmosphere for women to devote herselves to the housekeeping. Moreover the constructions of Chosun Dynasty's upperclass are affected by Korea's natural environment and socio-cultural environment. Primary factors for natural environment are building materials and the change of seasons. Because of changeable seasons, there were places for storing massive commodities. The other primary factors for socio-cultural environment affecting housekeeping space were social positions, and extended family system, worshipping the ancestors standard of living, the theory of“Poong Soo”(風水, a kind of geomancy) and thought of“Yin and Yang, Five Elements”(陰陽五行) and popular belief of that time. Affected by these two environments, the characteristics of housekeeping space for Chosun Dynasty are ; the main building of the house was used as a diverted area for women to work, and was reconstructed for household affairs. There were inefficient points in the housekeeping space of that time and the space remained stagnant because of the restricted sex and the social position of housekeeping doer. But you could find some points that are efficient and functional to adjust in those living conditions. The storehouse, storage barn, shed and soyjar terrace are the specialized storing place, according to the kinds and characteristics of the commodities. the kitchen, for example, is the combinations of many abilities. It is not only for cooking or heating the room, but also for storing drinking water. The hall which was the storing place, housekeeping place and also the place for family events are used as a diverted place. The linked arrangement of kitchen, store house, boudoir and the other rooms. In addition, we can see that the construction of the kitchen for more than tow people could work in.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.140-147
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• 2005

For a safe and stable supply of blood in Korea, 'Blood Donation Houses' are springing up all over Korea to advertise and improve the awareness on blood donations. This research will conduct a study on such blood donation centers, their conditions and problems. It will furthermore provide solutions to raise the level of comfort to donators and help nurses for a better working environment. The research will be conducted in 'Blood Donation Houses' that were established by 4 centers of the Korean Red Cross in Seoul after 1993. Any houses that are temporary (containers, buses, smaller than 15 pyung) were excluded from this study. In order to investigate changes of these houses, the ones analyzed and recorded in the 2002 data were used as a basis for comparison. A total of 16 houses were selected for this study. 5 houses were closed after the initial study of 2002, and 6 houses were not available for research upon above mentioned criteria, leaving 9 houses from the original 2002 data. 7 additional houses were opened after 2002, which were included in this study. The research was conducted by a close study of written materials on the historical and theoretical viewpoint of blood donations, as well as visits to the actual Blood Donation Houses. The conclusion will offer solutions to necessary functional and working space, and lighting in such houses on the basis of above analyzed theoretical and practical data.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

Purpose: Clinical laboratory in hospital has taken a great role in protection of chronic disease. as well as diagnosis and treatment, And laboratory layout has been considered by the management and laboratory section more than the function and workflow. Methods: So this study figures out the workflows of laboratory sections in the recently upgraded Laboratory Medicine, and searches the functional relationships and spatial block diagram between each disciplines as follows. Literature review and expert adviser has been conducted. Results: 1) Laboratory type of Laboratory Medicine is divided into routine and specialized laboratory according to the workflow by automated or specialized test. 2) The general workflow consists of specimen collection, specimen classification, test by discipline, test report, and specimen disposal. 3) Though the function of each laboratory section is very complicated and specific, the characteristics and the workflow can be shown in detail by each lab through [Figure 4], [Figure 5], [Figure 6], [Figure 7], and [Figure 8]. 4) Functional relationship diagram can be displayed to the adjacency and relation between each laboratory and support spaces. 5) The spatial block diagram could be presented as shown in [Figure 10], in which the emergency lab lay in front side, routine lab in the central open area, and specialized lab in the behind side. Implications: This study can be used as a useful data in planning and designing a Laboratory Medicine Department.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1621-1633
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the size fitness of ready-made jacket and their demands through the survey of the middle aged women, and having them try on the jackets, and present the basic data on the ways to increase the fitness by better size controls. The jackets, that were modified and improved through the experiment of the women with triangle-figure in their 50s, were compared and evaluated. The experiment showed a difference in the appearance and the motional function. The triangle-figure had the lowest fitness, thus most uncomfortable. The triangle-figure is characterized by the large waist, leaving small space between body and clothes. This creates the wrinkles in bust or waist area, making it uncomfortable to move. The jacket, that was produced by modifying these problem areas and developing research pattern, showed a good results on the appearances and function.