• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2022

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2/B1) is an N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) RNA modification regulator and a key determinant of prem-RNA processing, mRNA metabolism and transportation in cells. Currently, m⁶A reader proteins such as hnRNPA2/B1 and YTHDF2 has functional roles in mice embryo. However, the role of hnRNPA2/B1 in porcine embryogenic development are unclear. Here, we investigated the developmental competence and mRNA expression levels in porcine parthenogenetic embryos after hnRNPA2/B1 knock-down. HhnRNPA2/B1 was localized in the nucleus during subsequent embryonic development since zygote stage. After hnRNPA2/B1 knock-down using double stranded RNA injection, blastocyst formation rate decreased than that in the control group. Moreover, hnRNPA2/B1 knock-down embryos show developmental delay after compaction. In blastocyste stage, total cell number was decreased. Interestingly, gene expression patterns revealed that transcription of Pou5f1, Sox2, TRFP2C, Cdx2 and PARD6B decreased without changing the junction protein, ZO1, OCLN, and CDH1. Thus, hnRNPA2/B1 is necessary for porcine early embryo development by regulating gene expression through epigenetic RNA modification.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2014

Lymphatic vessels are essential to regulate interstitial fluid homeostasis and diverse immune responses. A number of crucial factors, such as VEGFC, SOX18, PROX1, FOX2C, and GJC2, have been implicated in differentiation and/or maintenance of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). In humans, dysregulation of these genes is known to cause lymphedema, a debilitating condition which adversely impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. However, there are no currently available pharmacological treatments for lymphedema, necessitating identification of additional factors modulating lymphatic development and function which can be targeted for therapy. In this report, we investigate the function of genes associated with Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling in lymphatic development using zebrafish embryos. The knock-down of BMP type II receptors, Bmpr2a and Bmpr2b, and type I receptors, Alk3 and Alk3b, as well as SMAD5, an essential cellular mediator of BMP signaling, led to distinct lymphatic defects in developing zebrafish. Therefore, it appears that each constituent of the BMP signaling pathway may have a unique function during lymphatic development. Taken together, our data demonstrate that BMP signaling is essential for normal lymphatic vessel development in zebrafish.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2008

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells retain the capacity for self-renewal, are pluripotent and differentiate into the three embryonic germ layer cells. The regulatory transcription factors Oct4, Nanog and Sox2 play an important role in maintaining the pluripotency of human ES cells. The aim of this research was to identify unknown genes upregulated in human ES cells along with Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2. This study characterizes an unknown gene, named chromosome 1 open reading frame 31 (C1orf31) mapping to chromosome 1q42.2. The product of C1orf31 is the hypothetical protein LOC388753 having a cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIb (COX6b) motif. In order to compare expression levels of C1orf31 in human ES cells, human embryoid body cells, vascular angiogenic progenitor cells (VAPCs), cord-blood endothelial progenitor cells (CB-EPCs) and somatic cell lines, we performed RT-PCR analysis. Interestingly, C1orf31 was highly expressed in human ES cells, cancer cell lines and SV40-immortalized cells. It has a similar expression pattern to the Oct4 gene in human ES cells and cancer cells. Also, the expression level of C1orf31 was shown to be upregulated in the S phase and early G2 phase of synchronized HeLa cells, leading us to purpose that it may be involved in the S/G2 transition process. For these reasons, we assume that C1orf31 may play a role in on differentiation of human ES cells and carcinogenesis.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2011

본 연구는 B시 생활폐기물 및 유기성 폐기물의 혼합에 따른 연료화 및 활용방안에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 반입폐기물, sludge cake와 food wast의 모든 혼합비율의 발열량이 6,000 kcal/kg으로 산출되었고, sludge의 경우 공연비와 온도가 높을수록 발생되는 유해물질 농도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 유해물질의 배출기준과 비교하여 보았을 때, 공연비가 2인 경우 800$^{\circ}C$일 때 유해물질 (CO, NOx, SOx)들이 기준이하의 배출 농도를 나타내었으며 혼재 소각 시 소각로 내부 온도 또한 가장 안정되는 것으로 나타났다. 소각시 완전연소가 이루어진다면, 혼합하여 RDF를 제조 시 발열량이 6000 kcal/kg이상으로 연료화 하기에 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of cryopreservation on dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSC) viability over a period of three years. Dental pulp-derived stem cells were isolated and cultured from thirty-one healthy teeth. DPSC isolates were assessed for doubling-time and baseline viability prior to cryopreservation and were assessed again at three time points; one week (T1), 18 months (T2), and 36 months (T3). DPSC can be grouped based on their observed doubling times; slow (sDT), intermediate (iDT), and rapid (rDT). Viability results demonstrated all three types of DPSC isolates (sDT, iDT and rDT) exhibit time-dependent reductions in viability following cryopreservation, with the greatest reduction observed among sDT-DPSCs and the smallest observed among the rDT-DPSC isolates. Cryopreserved DPSCs demonstrate time-dependent reductions in cellular viability. Although reductions in viability were smallest at the initial time point (T1) and greatest at the final time point (T3), these changes were markedly different among DPSC isolates with similar doubling times (DTs). Furthermore, the analysis of various DPSC biomarkers - including both intracellular and cell surface markers, revealed differential mRNA expression. More specifically, the relative high expression of Sox-2 was only found only among the rDT isolates, which was associated with the smallest reduction in viability over time. The expression of Oct4 and NANOG were also higher among rDT isolates, however, expression was comparatively lower among the sDT isolates that had the highest reduction in cellular viability over the course of this study. These data may suggest that some biomarkers, including Sox-2, Oct4 and NANOG may have some potential for use as biomarkers that may be associated with either higher or lower cellular viability over long-term storage applications although more research will be needed to confirm these findings.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제22권B호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of acid fog on the rust formation behavior of weathering steel (SMA50) which is used in uncoated bridges. Weathering steel didn't form the passive film under the environment of acid fog(pH5,6), whereas the environment of distilled water formed the protective oxide film. Therefore, the construction of weathering steel under the environment extremely exposed to SOx and NOx which are the main compositions of acid fog is not adequate. Fatigue limits of weathering steel under acid fog environment are remarkably decreased as compared with environment of distilled water. The corrosive constituents in acid fog has piled up the corrosion products on specimen surface and generated the corrosion pits. Because of the high stress concentration arising at this corrosion pit, relatively low fatigue limits were obtained for acid fog specimens.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.8.1-8.10
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• 2019

Alveolar type II cells constitute a small fraction of the total lung cell mass. However, they play an important role in many cellular processes including trans-differentiation into type I cells as well as repair of lung injury in response to toxic chemicals and respiratory pathogens. Transcription factors are the regulatory proteins dynamically modulating DNA structure and gene expression. Transcription factor profiling in microarray datasets revealed that several members of AP1, ATF, $NF-{\kappa}B$, and C/EBP families involved in diverse responses were expressed in mouse lung type II cells. A transcriptional factor signature consisting of Cebpa, Srebf1, Stat3, Klf5, and Elf3 was identified in lung type II cells, Sox9+ pluripotent lung stem cells as well as in mouse lung development. Identification of the transcription factor profile in mouse lung type II cells will serve as a useful resource and facilitate the integrated analysis of signal transduction pathways and specific gene targets in a variety of physiological conditions.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2022

Bioheavy oil, which is expanding its range of use as an alternative fuel to reduce environmental pollutant emissions, has a lot of difficulty in combustion due to its low emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulfur oxide (SOx), while its low dissipation and high oxygen content in fuel. many studies have been conducted on change in characteristics by mixing rate combustion characteristics and combustion reactions, but there have been no specific and effective studies on the composition of control system, optimization of control, development of logic for mixing and burning, minimizing environmental pollutantants discharge. In this study, we intend to consider systemmatic and empirical considerations on the composition, logic development, solve the problem of manual switching of bioler master due to excessive oxygen content and tuning of the control system for optimal combustion of bioheavy oil.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2002

We are facing the serious environmental pollution difficulties such as acid rain, green house effects, etc. The gaseous matter NOx, SOx, VOCs which are regarded as main factors for these current pollutions are mainly emitted from power plants and vehicles. Therefore several leading countries are regulating the emissions strictly, especially the exhaust emissions from a Diesel engine without an aftertreatment device. The objective of this study is to find out soot and NO removal characteristics focused on the emissions of a Diesel engine by using nonthermal plasma for each engine speeds and loads. Electrostatic precipitator(wire-to-plate type reactor) is used for soot removal. Radicals generated from outer air and put into a mixing chamber in the end of exhaust line are used for NO removal. Concentration of exhaust emissions is analyzed from the gas analyzer(KaneMay) and FTIR to estimate by-products.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.86-89
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• 2017

Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder, including clinical features of pigmentary abnormalities of irides, skin, hair and sensorineural hearing loss and facial dysmorphism. Among the four types, WS type IV (Waardenburg-Shah syndrome) additionally represents Hirschsprung's disease. Mutations in the SOX10, END3, or EDNRB genes are known to cause WS type IV. Here, we report a 6 year-old girl who was diagnosed as WS type IV by typical clinical manifestations, including skin hypopigmentation, heterochromia of both irides, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, mild developmental delay and Hirschsprung's disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis of EDNRB. Two novel EDNRB mutations were identified, and each mutation was segregated from each of her parents. During the follow-up period, the patient underwent a surgery for spleen torsion and was medically managed due to recurrent enterocolitis. Also, she suffered from impaired immunity including Hirschsprung's associated enterocolitis.