• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.201-209
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• 2020

The graph data structure is popular because it can intuitively represent real-world knowledge. Graph databases have attracted attention in academia and industry because they can be used to maintain graph data and allow users to mine knowledge. Mining reachability relationships between two nodes in a graph, termed reachability query processing, is an important functionality of graph databases. Online traversals, such as the breadth-first and depth-first search, are inefficient in processing reachability queries when dealing with large-scale graphs. Labeling schemes have been proposed to overcome these disadvantages. The state-of-the-art is the 2-hop labeling scheme: each node has in and out labels containing reachable node IDs as integers. Unfortunately, existing 2-hop labeling schemes generate huge 2-hop label sizes because they only consider local features, such as degrees. In this paper, we propose a more efficient 2-hop label size reduction approach. We consider the topological sort index, which is a global feature. A linear combination is suggested for utilizing both local and global features. We conduct experiments over real-world and synthetic directed acyclic graph datasets and show that the proposed approach generates smaller labels than existing approaches.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.172-173
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• 2005

The electronic state of ZnO doped with Y was calculated using the density functional theory. In this study, the program used for the calculation on theoretical structures of ZnO and doped ZnO was Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP), which is a sort of pseudo potential method. The detail of electronic structure was obtained by the descrite variational $X\alpha$ (DV-$X\alpha$) method, which is a sort of molecular orbital full potential method. The optimized crystal structures obtained by calculations were compared to the measured structure. The density of state and energy levels of dopant elements was shown and discussed in association with optical properties.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2018

Objective: Participation restrictions are serious problems that stroke survivors experience while reintegrating into family, work, community, and social situations after participating in rehabilitation programs. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting participation in activities of daily living (ADL), as well as social and leisure activities of individuals with hemiparetic stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study involved 96 participants who were diagnosed with a first stroke 6 months before the study (58 men, 38 women; $60.3{\pm}14.3years$). The Berg Balance Scale, Modified Barthel Index, Manual Function test, and Activity Card Sort were used to assess static and dynamic balance function, upper limb function, level of independence, and their level of participation within the community. A regression analysis was used to identify the influence of factors affecting participation in ADL, social and recreational activities. Results: The Activity Card Sort scores were significantly affected by the Manual Function test and Modified Barthel Index scores (p<0.05). Participation in leisure activities was affected by the level of independence. Participation in social activities was affected by the balance function and level of independence of the participants. Conclusions: The results of this study have shown that participation restrictions are affected by upper limb function, balance function, and the level of independence in individuals with hemiparetic stroke.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.978-983
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• 2019

Under the influence of Autonomous Driving and AI, it is important to accurately recognize and judge objects through cameras. In particular, since a method of recognizing an object using a camera can obtain a large amount of information visually compared to other methods, many image signal processing methods have been studied to extract an accurate image. In addition, a lot of research is being carried out to implementation about hardware. In this work, we compare the principles and characteristics of the sorting algorithms that are frequently used in image signal processing and summarize the performance evaluation. Based on this, we define an efficient algorithm when implemented in hardware among efficient sorting algorithms.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2021

The present study employed an analytical framework that is characterised by a synthesis of quantitative and qualitative analyses with a specially designed computer software SpeechActConc to examine speech acts in business communication. The naturally occurring data from the audio recordings and the prosodic transcriptions of the business sub-corpora of the HKCSE (prosodic) are manually annotated with a speech act taxonomy for finding out the frequency of fillers, the co-occurring patterns of fillers with other speech acts, and the linguistic realisations of fillers. The discoursal function of fillers to sustain the discourse or to hold the floor has diverse linguistic realisations, ranging from a sound (e.g. 'uhuh') and a word (e.g. 'well') to sounds (e.g. 'um er') and words, namely phrase ('sort of') and clause (e.g. 'you know'). Some are even combinations of sound(s) and word(s) (e.g. 'and um', 'yes er um', 'sort of erm'). Among the top five frequent linguistic realisations of fillers, 'er' and 'um' are the most common ones found in all the six genres with relatively higher percentages of occurrence. The remaining more frequent realisations consist of clause ('you know'), word ('yeah') and sound ('erm'). These common forms are syntactically simpler than the less frequent realisations found in the genres. The co-occurring patterns of fillers and other speech acts are diverse. The more common co-occurring speech acts with fillers include informing and answering. The findings show that fillers are not only frequently used by speakers in spontaneous conversation but also mostly represented in sounds or non-linguistic realisations.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.22-32
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• 2020

Apartment building site planning is one of time consuming and labor-intensive tasks in architectural design field, due to its complexity in zoning regulations, building codes, local restrictions, and site-specific conditions. In other words, the process can be seen as a very complicated mathematical function with layers of variables and parameters, which ironically can be automated using computational methods on parametric tools. In this paper, a practical method of automating site planning of an apartment complex has been proposed by utilizing parametric approaches in Rhino 3D and Grasshopper. Two primary parameters, building heights and positions, determine the efficacy of building layouts under all regulatory standards, thus testing out numerous combinations of the two will produce some successful layout alternatives. For this, equation solver has been used for iterating the parametric model to sort out meaningful results among others. It also has been proven that the proposed process significantly reduced the time in site planning down to less than an hour on most cases, and many successful alternatives could be obtained by using multiple computers. Post evaluation processes such as day light and view shed analysis helped sort out the best performing ones out of functioning alternatives.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2022

With growth in intelligence of mobile robots, interaction with humans is emerging as a very important issue for mobile robots and the pedestrian tracking technique following the designated person is adopted in many cases in a way that interacts with humans. Among the existing multi-object tracking techniques for pedestrian tracking, Simple Online and Realtime Tracking (SORT) is suitable for small mobile robots that require real-time processing while having limited computational performance. However, SORT fails to reflect changes in object detection values caused by the movement of the mobile robot, resulting in poor tracking performance. In order to solve this performance degradation, this paper proposes a more stable pedestrian tracking algorithm by correcting object tracking errors caused by robot movement in real time using wheel odometry information of a mobile robot and dynamically managing the survival period of the tracker that tracks the object. In addition, the experimental results show that the proposed methodology using data collected from actual mobile robots maintains real-time and has improved tracking accuracy with resistance to the movement of the mobile robot.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.840-860
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• 2023

Aiming at the serious occlusion and slow tracking speed in pedestrian target tracking and recognition in complex scenes, a target tracking method based on improved YOLO v5 combined with Deep SORT is proposed. By merging the attention mechanism ECA-Net with the Neck part of the YOLO v5 network, using the CIoU loss function and the method of CIoU non-maximum value suppression, connecting the Deep SORT model using Shuffle Net V2 as the appearance feature extraction network to achieve lightweight and fast speed tracking and the purpose of improving tracking under occlusion. A large number of experiments show that the improved YOLO v5 increases the average precision by 1.3% compared with other algorithms. The improved tracking model, MOTA reaches 54.3% on the MOT17 pedestrian tracking data, and the tracking accuracy is 3.7% higher than the related algorithms and The model presented in this paper improves the FPS by nearly 5 on the fps indicator.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1066-1079
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• 2023

Multi-target tracking based on the detector is a very hot and important research topic in target tracking. It mainly includes two closely related processes, namely target detection and target tracking. Where target detection is responsible for detecting the exact position of the target, while target tracking monitors the temporal and spatial changes of the target. With the improvement of the detector, the tracking performance has reached a new level. The problem that always exists in the research of target tracking is the problem that occurs again after the target is occluded during tracking. Based on this question, this paper proposes a DeepSORT model based on SIFT features to improve ship tracking. Unlike previous feature extraction networks, SIFT algorithm does not require the characteristics of pre-training learning objectives and can be used in ship tracking quickly. At the same time, we improve and test the matching method of our model to find a balance between tracking accuracy and tracking speed. Experiments show that the model can get more ideal results.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

Purpose: This paper (1) identifies the factors that affect people's changing habits towards waste sorting, (2) evaluates the benefits of waste sorting to the environment and (3) designs communication strategies to change people's behavior and habits in sorting plastic waste in Ho Chi Mnh City, Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: Using the data from 309 people that are living in Ho Chi Minh City and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), to evaluate variables and test the hypotheses. Results: Research results show that attitudes, subjective standards, behavioral control, and facilities affect people's intention to classify plastic waste. We find that environmental concerns greatly influence people's attitudes. In contrast, environmental concerns have a relatively weaker effect on people's degree of behavioral control. Conclusion: Environmental protection is a matter of concern in the world. In Vietnam, this issue has been institutionalized into law to create a basis for improving the effectiveness of environmental protection activities. This article has some limitations. Firstly, sample is limited to HCMC residents; the study results are not representative of the entire population of Vietnam. This paper is based on cross-sectional data, which is not the best way to establish a causal relationship between the intention to sort plastic waste and its drivers.