• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2006

This paper reports the apparatus and method for the safe treatment of pentachlorophenol(PCP)-treated ammunition box by solvent extraction. Experimental variables were chosen as the composition of solvents, types of substance(chips and sawdust), temperatures and sonication to obtain maximum PCP removal from wood samples of the dismantled ammunition box. Up to 99% of PCP in the wood chip was extracted within 2 hours at room temperature when using methanol as the solvent. The extraction volume ratio of methanol per dried sample was about 10. Type of samples, extraction temperature and sonification showed little effects on PCP extraction. Based on this study, a resource recycling system for the treatment of ammunition boxes was recommended.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2004

토종콩으로부터 비배당체 이소플라본을 추출하기 위한 다양한 기계적 및 화학적 방법을 적용하였다. 용매추출법의 침적과 교반, 초음파에너지와 아임계/초임계 수 추출이 포함되었다. 용매의 조성에 의한 추출효율의 증가, 교반에 의한 특정성분의 추출효과의 증대, 초음파에너지에 의한 추출성능의 개선, 용매보다 용해력이 좋은 초임계유체의 적용에 관한 실험을 수행한 결과에 의하면 비배당체 이소플라본의 추출은 초음파에너지에 의한 것이 가장 우수하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.259-263
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• 1985

Rate Constants for the solvolysis of p-methylbenzyl chloride in various ethanol-water mixtures were studied at 30 and $40^{\circ}C$ under various pressures up to 1600 bar. The rates of reaction were increased with increasing temperature and pressure, and decreased with increasing solvent composition of ethanol mole fraction. From the rate constants, the values of the activation parameters (${\Delta}V^{\neq},{\Delta}{\beta}^{\neq},{\Delta}H^{\neq}\;and\;{\Delta}S^{\neq}$) were evaluated. The values of ${\Delta}V^{\neq}\;and\;{\Delta}{\beta}^{\neq}$ exhibit the extremum behavior at about 0.30 mole fraction of ethanol. This behavior is discussed in terms of solvent structure variation (electrostriction). From the relation between the reaction rate and the dielectric constant of solvent or the number of water molecule participated in the transition state, it could be postulated that the reaction proceeds through $S_N1$ mechanism.

• 약학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.96-99
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• 1964

In the previous study, the composition ratios of the Cu-sulfa drugs complexes determined by gravimetric and solvent extraction method reported. In this paper, the continuous variations method has been used to know whether the complexes are simple complexes or chelates, and to recertify the composition ratios of the complexes at pH 7-8. It has been certified that the ratio of $Cu^{+2}$ ion to sulfa drugs in 1:2 from the result of this experiment.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2004

The drying speed of gravure ink are very fast because of evaporation drying type. The gravure ink are fitly selected variety resin and solvent for a wide range printing are adopted. Moreover, after-manufacture handling is necessary to various purposes. Though composition of gravure ink are same those of another printing ink, the viscosity of it are vary low compare with another printing inks. As property of variety printed matters, improvement of performance of printing layer and suitable after-manufacture handling, the more research of gravure ink are to be continue for development of printing technology. Generally, the gravure ink are made up resin, pigment, solvent and additive. Especially solvent are fitly selected for solution of resin, viscosity, and drying speed. Furthermore, it tis care of bad smell of remaining resin, poison and danger of fire of it. Because of the prevention of air pollution as restriction deflation of solvent, custody of dangerous object and improvement of work environment as labor safety hygiene and fire-low, the environment restriction of printing business become strict. This study has purpose of development of gravure ink of involved 30% below of alcohol is used for PVC film printing.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2006

오염화석탄산(pentachlorophenol : PCP)으로 방부 처리된 탄약 목상자를 분해한 목재시료로부터 메탄올, 에탄올, 아세토니트릴을 추출용매로 사용하여 PCP를 추출하였다. 실험변수로는 용매종류, 건조목재 시료당 용매의 사용비율, 시료의 형태 및 크기, 추출온도 및 초음파 효과를 선정하였다. 목재의 PCP 농도는 평균 720 ppm 이었으며 추출효과는 메탄올이 가장 우수하였다. 농도가 가장 큰 시료(초기농도 1297 ppm)를 메탄올로 상온에서 추출한 결과 2시간 이내에 99％까지 제거되었다. 건조시료당 메탄올의 최소 사용비율(v/w)은 10이었으며 이 실험에서 시료의 형상(chip 및 톱밥)이나 추출온도 및 초음파 사용은 PCP 추출에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.815-822
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• 1993

This experiment was carried out to determine the separation condition of 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfony(Dansyl) derivatives of amino acids by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with Nova-Pak C18 column. Determined solvent system was solvent A(200mA phosphate buffer pH 6.8 15%, acetonitrile 11%, water 74%) and solvent B(acetonitrile 65%, methanol 28%, water 7%). Linear gradient of solvent B was applied from 12% to 80% for 50min. Complete separation of 20 amino acids including asparagine and glutamine which constitute protein was achieved within 50min. As the detection limit was the range of picomole, the resolution power was excellent. Reproducibility of the retention time was less than mean $\pm$0.05min. According to the above optimum chromatographic conditions, the amino acid composition of some food and human blood was examined. The most affluent amino acid was alanine in human blood, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in soy sauce, alanine and threonine in soy milk and proline in milk and yoghurt.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2018

The effect of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) with different addition amount of DBSA ($M_{DBSA}$), temperatures and solvent-to-oil ratio (SOR, v/v) on asphaltene aggregation in a solvent deasphalting system was investigated. Increasing the $M_{DBSA}$ at SOR 10 and $55^{\circ}C$ caused the asphaltene removal ratio (ARR) to increase first, then maximize at 1 wt% of $M_{DBSA}$ and then decrease continuously. Based on the SARA (saturate, aromatic, resin, asphaltene) composition, the adsorption amount of DBSA on the asphaltene surface and the self-aggregation of the DBSA, the reason for the change in ARR with $M_{DBSA}$ was found due to the adsorption mechanism. In addition, the asphaltene-resin-DBSA colloidal size confirmed the change of adsorption behavior between the asphaltene and DBSA. Based on the results of this study, a hypothetical adsorption mechanism of DBSA on asphaltene aggregation in the solvent deasphalting system was conceived of and proposed.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 1998

For the comparison of the urushiol composition and biological acitivity between the fresh sap and fire distilled sap of lacquer tree(Rhus vernicifera), we analysed the urushiol composition by HPLC and EI-MS, and investigated the antioxidative , antimicrobial and anticancer acitivities according to solvent fractionations. There was no difference in the urushiol composition between fresh and fire distilled saps of lacquer tree. The hexane frqctionsof two saps showed a strong DPPH radical scaverging activity (RC50 : 7.0-7.5$\mu\textrm{g}$). They also showed a strong antifungal activity onthe spore germination of Cladosporium herbarum(MIC : 8$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), whereas they have no or low activity against the bacteria(BAcillus subtilis , Escherichia coli). In addition , hexane and butanol fractions of two saps showed a strong inhibitory activity against cultured tumour cell lines (GI50 : 0.35, 12.29$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) in vitro. These results confirm that the fresh sap and fire distilled sap might have the similar urushiol compositions and biological activities.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.740-746
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 L(+)-calcium lactate를 정밀 분리하기 위한 drowning-out 결정화 기술에 대해 연구하였다. Calcium lactate 결정화는 calcium lactate 수용액에 반용매를 투입하여 유도하였으며 결정화 공정에서 결정입자의 크기를 제어할 수 있는 기술을 연구하였다. 결정화 공정에서 결정입자에 영향을 주는 인자로서 반용매의 종류, 반용매의 조성 그리고 교반속도를 고려하였다. 반용매로서는 알콜류(메탄올, 에탄올, n-프로판올, i-프로판올)를 선택하였다. 결정화 실험에 앞서, 과포화도를 고려하기 위하여 물-알콜 혼합용액에서의 calcium lactate의 용해도를 측정하였다. Drowning-out 결정화에 의해 fabric 모양의 calcium lactate 결정이 석출되었는데, 에탄올의 경우 fabric이 굵고 침상에 가까운 모양이었으며, 프로판올의 경우 hairy 모양에 가까웠다. 이러한 형상 특징으로 인하여 결정이 강하게 응집하는 경향을 보였다. 응집경향은 수용액에 대한 알콜 조성이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 반면 교반은 응집된 결정입자를 파쇄하는 효과가 강하게 나타났다. 따라서 결정화를 통해 얻어지는 결정입자의 크기는 반용매에 의한 결정입자 응집과 교반에 의한 결정입자 파쇄의 상대적 강도에 의존하였다.