• Membrane Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.291-299
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• 2003

Polymer membranes such as poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne)-polyetherimide (PTMSP-PEI) and poly(dimethylsiloxane)- polyetherimide (PDMS-PEI) composite membrane were prepared by solution casting method. To investigate the characteristics of these membranes, the analytical methods such as FT-IR, $^1H-NMR,$ DSC, TGA, GPC, and SEM have been utilized. The number-average (equation omitted) and weight-average (equation omitted) molecular weight of PTMSP were 477,920 and 673,329 respectively. The glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of PTMSP was $224^{\circ}C.$ The separation of the gas mixture ($H_2/N_2$) through the composite membranes were studied as a function of pressure. The separation factor (${\alpha}, {\beta},$ quation omitted) of the composite membranes used in this work increased as the pressure of permeation cell increased. The real separation factor (${\alpha}$), head separation factor (${\beta}$), and tail separation factor (equation omitted) of PTMSP-PEI composite membrane were 2.28, 1.17, and 1.96 respectively at ${\Delta}P$ 30psi and $25^{\circ}C.$ (${\alpha}, {\beta}$ and equation omitted of PDMS-PEI composite membrane were 3.70, 1.53, and 2.42 respectively at ${\Delta}P$ 30psi and $25^{\circ}C$.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2015

To investigate the performance of the composite carbon electrodes which the ion exchange polymers were directly casted onto porous carbon electrode surfaces, the adsorption/desorption experiments were carried out by varying the feed concentration, feed flow rate, and desorption voltages for the NaCl solution. When the feed concentration was 100 mg/L, the increase of the adsorption time led to the increase of the salt removal due to the increase of the residence time inside the cell while the increase of the feed flow rate from 15 mL/min to 23 mL/min gave the decrease of the salt removal efficiency, 12% because of the short residence time. When the feed concentration was 200 mg/L, the salt removal was shown 10~15% low because of the incomplete desorption within the desorption intervals.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.362-365
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• 2011

In the present work, the corrosion properties of Mg-xSn (x = 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt.%) alloys have been investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization and immersion tests were carried out in 3.5% NaCl solution of pH 7.2 at room temperature to measure the corrosion properties of Mg-xSn (x = 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt.%) alloys. With increase of the Sn contents, the volume fraction of the $Mg_2Sn$ phase was increased. The corrosion rate of Mg-xSn alloys was increased up to 7 wt.%Sn and decreased above 9 wt.%Sn. Initiation of galvanic site during immersion mainly occurred at Mg/$Mg_2Sn$ interface and propagation went into ${\alpha}$-Mg. For this reason, corrosion properties of Mg-xSn (added from 1 wt.%Sn to 7 wt.%Sn alloys) alloys are decreased because the galvanic site was increased with increasing Sn addition. In Mg-9wt.%Sn alloy, however, the corrosion site were changed from Mg/$Mg_2Sn$ interface to ${\alpha}$-Mg/$M_2Sng$ interface in lamellar structure. Preferentially corrosion of ${\alpha}$-Mg/$M_2Sn$ interface in lamellar structure impeded corrosion propagation went into ${\alpha}$-Mg.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

The effects of Sr and (Ti-B) additives on the tensile properties of AC4A recycled (35% scrap content) aluminum alloys were investigated. An acicular morphology of the eutectic Si phase of as-cast specimens was converted to a fibrous morphology upon the addition of Sr. Moreover, morphology of the Sr modified eutectic Si phase became finer due to a T6 heat treatment. The grain size of the ${\alpha}$-solid solution was decreased by the addition of (Ti-B) additives. Depending on the treatment conditions of the as-cast specimens, i.e., no addition, a Sr addition and a (Ti-B)+Sr addition, the tensile strength levels of the as-cast specimens were 182, 192, and 204MPa, respectively. The corresponding strengths of T6 heat-treated specimens were 293, 308, and 318MPa. Elongations of the as-cast specimens were 2.2, 3.1, and 5.6%, and the corresponding elongations of the T6 heat-treated specimens were 4.6, 6.1, and 7.6%. The percentage of the reduced section area in the tensile specimens was also increased by the Sr and (Ti-B) additives. Sr and (Ti-B) additives changed the microstructure and the distribution of defects in the castings, resulting in an improvement of the tensile properties of AC4A aluminum alloys. According to our test results, recycled (35% scrap content) AC4A aluminum alloy met all of the KS requirements of the tensile strength and elongation values of AC4A aluminum alloy except for the elongation value of the one specimen condition, in this case the as-cast no-addition condition.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

A die casting mold releasing agent was prepared from aqueous mixture of powdery carbon black and water soluble natural polymeric materials such as xanthan gum(X-gum) and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC), which were used as thickening agent as well as curing agent with aldehydes. The suitable concentration of natural polymers for stable dispersion of carbon black in water was 0.25 wt% of X-gum or 1.0 wt% of CMC. When CMC was used less than 1 wt%, the final carbon black disperion showed a rapid phase separation. The adhesion of carbon black releasing agent on glass plate was improved with the amount of crosslinking agent, glutaraldehyde and chain extender, oligosaccharide. However, the affinity of carbon black releasing agent prepared with X-gum was stronger than that with CMC on glass plate. The final carbon black mold releasing agents prepared under our mixing conditions can be applied to the production of castings of high quality with good workability and without worthening evironmental situations.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.812-818
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to investigate the fabrication processes on the microstructual changes and mechanical properties of large 7175 aluminum die forgings. The billets range from 370 to 720 mm in diameter were homogenized and hot forged after direct chill casting. The strength and elongation of the homogenized cast billets were revealed nearly same level independent of the billet diameter. However, these properties of ø370 mm cast billet were superior to those of $\Pie720$ mm billet under$ T_{6}$ / condition. The tensile strength of die forged specimens under $T_{6}$ condition increased up to 20% than that of solution treatment, however, the elongation was reduced to 50%. The fracture toughness of die forged specimens under $T_{6}$ condition was 35.6∼39.0 MPa$.$$m^{1}$2 irrespective of the billet size and free forging processes, but this property increased up to 10% by$V_{74}$ treatment. The fracture toughness of die forged specimen manufactured with ø370 mm cast billet showed nearly same level of ø720 mm billet which was processed using MF or Cog free forging followed by die forging.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Improvement of the mechanical properties of a commercial aluminium casting alloy, A356, was achieved through an optimised combination of alloying elements, modification, and heat treatment. 0.7 wt.% Cu and an additional 0.2 wt.% Mg were added to an Al-7Si-0.35Mg alloy for strengthening at both room and elevated temperatures, whilst a subsequent decrease in the ductility was compensated for by the modification of eutectic Si by Sr addition at a level of up to 110 ppm. It was found that the dissolution of Cu-rich or Mg-rich phases could be maximised by solid-solutionising an alloy with 40 ppm Sr at $530^{\circ}C$, increasing the tensile and yield strengths to 350 MPa and 297 MPa, respectively, with a reasonably high strain of 5% after peak-aging at $210^{\circ}C$. Further addition of Sr up to 110 ppm is, however, more likely to interfere with the dissolution of the Cu-rich or Mg-rich phases during solid solution treatment, resulting in a slight decrease in both tensile and yield strengths at room temperature. Besides the Cu addition, such undissolved phases, on the other hand, may contribute to elevated temperature strength at $200^{\circ}C$.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.939-943
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• 1999

Recently there has been an explosion of interest in the topic of biodegradable polymers for medical applications. In this study, films were prepared by solution casting method using natural polymers (xanthan, locust bean, guar gum, chitosan and algin) as biomaterials. Biocompatibility of films prepared from natural polymer as a skin implant was evaluated. These biodegradable films were subcutaneously implanted in the back of rats and their biodegradability was investigated by the evaluation of changes in structure, film weight and hematology as a function of time for the biotransformation. The result of rats test showed that locust bean and guar gum induced some suspects of non-biocompatibility in the tissue by foreign body reaction 24 and 48 hrs after implantation. These results showed the potential of partial biodegradable films prepared from natural polymer for ideal skin biomaterials at short period.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2008

PTMSP/PMMH dendrimer composite membranes were made by dispersing $0{\sim}20$ wt% (based on polymer content) PMMH dendrimer nanoparticles in the PTMSP casting solution. The effect of PMMH dendrimer on gas permeability characteristics of the composite membranes was investigated. The permeabilities of $H_2,\;N_2,\;CO_2$, and $CH_4$ decreased as the PMMH dendrimer content within PTMSP increased. The permeabilities of different gases except hydrogen in PTMSP/PMMH dendrimer membranes follow the order: $N_2\;<\;CH_4\;<\;CO_2$ which are consistent with the order of critical temperature ($N_2\;<\;CH_4\;<\;CO_2$). The selectivities of gases for $N_2$ increased as the PMMH dendrimer content within PTMSP increased. The $CO_2/N_2$ selectivity increased from 5.6 up to 16.9.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.266-270
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• 2012

A series of polyimide was prepared by reacting 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) as the anhydride monomer and 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFB), 2,2'-bis(3-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (BAFP), 2,2'-bis(3- amino- 4-methylphenyl) hexafluoropropane (BAMF), bis(3-aminophenyl)sulfone (APS), p-xylyenediamine (p-XDA), or m-xylyenediamine (m-XDA) as the amine monomer in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Colorless and transparent polyimide (PI) films were obtained by casting the poly(amic acid)s (PAAs) solution at various heat treatment temperatures. The thermal properties of the PI films were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and the mechanical properties were investigated using universal tensile machine (UTM), Their optical transparencies were also investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis.) spectrophotometry and colorimetry. The yellow index (YI) and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values of all PIs were in the range 0.98~2.76 and 25.73~55.23 $ppm/^{\circ}C$, respectively.