• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.74-81
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• 2016

This paper presents an experimental study to ivestigate mechanical property of concretes according to addition of urea and urea-water soluble sulfur contents. Urea was added at 5~20% replacement by weight of water, and water soluble sulfur was used at 2%, 4% replacement by weight of cement. The setting times, the hydration heat, the compressive strength, and the drying shrinkage, were measured on concretes with single and binary admixtures. From the test result, it was confirmed that the hydration heat of urea-water soluble sulfur was lower than that of normal concrete by $10.1^{\circ}C$, and the drying shrinkage of urea-water soluble sulfur concrete was more excellent than normal concrete. In the case of urea of 5%, Compressive strength were improved with an increase of water soluble sulfur contents. The urea-water soluble sulfur used in this research can be used as improvement materials for drying shrinkage and compressive strength.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.29-41
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• 1988

This study was performed to investigate the air pollution levels in Daegu area titrough measuring of contents of water, chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside trees and chemical properties of soil under the urban trees. The results can be summarized as follows 1. The range of water content was from 60.4% to 74.6%. The comparisons of chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and water content were regression equation, chlorophyll=0.1981+ 0.0040 water content (July), water soluble sulfur=3,139-0.0416 water content (July). and correlation coefficient, r=0.561 and r=0.549 respectively 2. Average contents of chlorophyll, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside tree at sampling sites were chlorophyll 0.050, 0.072mg/cm$^2$, water soluble sulfur 0.244, 0.333%, and lead metal 12.25, 12.68ppm in Oct. and Jul. respectively. 3. Correlation between chlorophyll and contents of water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of roadside tree at sampling sites were water soluble sulfur r=-0.564, -0.613 and lead metal r=-0.693, -0.699 in October and July, respectively. 4. Correlation between chlorophyll and water content, water soluble sulfur and lead metal in the leaves of tree showed positive significance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.103-109
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• 2014

In this study, two types of water-soluble sulfur, LSA and LSB, were developed and the influence of the water-soluble sulfur on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete were experimentally evaluated. In order to evaluate mechanical properties and carbonation resistance of concrete with water-soluble sulfur, compressive strength test, flexural strength test, bonding strength test, and carbonation resistance test were performed. Compressive strength of only concrete with 1% LSA was increased while that of concrete with LSB was proportionally increased with the higher LSB dosage. On the other hand, flexural strength of concrete with LSA and LSB was increased by 12-41% and 36-74%, respectively. Carbonation resistance of concrete with water-soluble sulfur were increased by 25-66%. As a result, it should be noted that the water-soluble sulfur can not only solve the demerit of sulfur concrete but also offer the durability of sulfur concrete.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1991

The atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentrations and water soluble sulfur contents in Ginkgo biloba were measured and analyzed in auto-measuring station, Kwangleung, and Yongmun from August 5 to October 21, 1990. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentrations between the seoul area(Pulkwang, Ssangmun, Myonmok, Oilurn) in which the concentrations exceeded the air quality standards and the surburb of seoul (Kwangleung, Yongmun) revealed the significant difference (p<0.01). 2. Water soluble sulfur contents in Ginkgo biloba in autumn were higher than those in Ginkgo biloba in summer (p<0.01). Water soluble sulfur contents in leaves showed a significant difference between seoul and its surburb(p<0.01). 3. Correlation between atmospheric SO$_{2}$ concentration and water soluble sulfur content of Ginkgo biloba in autumn was as follow Y=0.2714+9.8123 X, r=0.6362 (X: Airborne SO${_2}$ Concentration according to sampling location, Y: Water Soluble Sulfur Contents)

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1988

This study was carried out to measure the contents of soluble sulfur and heavy metals in the leaves of roadside tree at 34 sampling sites of Seoul area from the Sep. 1 to Sep. 30 during 1985 and 1986. The results were as follows; 1. Average contents of soluble sulfur at all sampling sites were; Plantanus orientalis 0.474%, Ginkgobioloba 0.562%, and Salix pseudolasiogyne 0.566%. 2. Correlation between sulfur dioxide concentration in the air and soluble sulfur in the leaves by area were; Green belt area R = 0.985, Residential area R = 0.856, Commercial area R = 0.668, Industrial area R = 0.886. Correlation by species were ; Platanus orientalis R = 0.817, Ginkgobiloba R = 0.771, Salix pseudo-lasiogyne R = 0.824. 3. Correlation between $SO_X$ concentration in the air and sulfur contents in the leaves showed positive significance. 4. Contents of soluble sulfur in the heavy traffic area were higher than that of light traffic area. 5. Heavy metal contents of 1986 were higher than that of 1985; Fe> Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Cr. 6. Lead contents in the leaves of 1986 were; Platanus orientalis 16, 701 ppm, Gingobiloba 21,729ppm, Salix Pseudo-lasiogyne 12.418 ppm.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.144-154
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• 1995

This study was conducted for the evaluation of air-pollution using pear plant. Twenty-three sites around the Ulsan Industrial Complex Area were selected for the study. The water soluble sulfur content, photosynthetic rate and the visible injured index of pear leaves were evaluated and the results are summarized as follows: 1. Water-soluble sulfur content of pear leaves at survey sites was shown to be an average of 0.201%. The content of their leaves at polluted sites ranged from 0.220 to 0.496%. Water-soluble sulfur content of the pear leaves decreased as the distance became far from the Industrial Complex. 2. The photosynthetic rate of pear leaves decreased with an accumulation of water-soluble sulfur content. However it increased as the distance became greater within the five-kilometer radius of the pollutant. 3. More than 60% of injured rate was shown in pear plant within the five-kilometer radius of the pollutant in 1993. There were high correlations between the visible injured index items. Compared with 1988, the most severely injured sites in 1988 were Yochon-dong and Yaum-dong. But in 1993, they moved to the Yongcham-dong and Bugok-dong area. 4. Water-soluble sulfur content of pear leaves was correlated with the photosynthetic rate of pear leaves. The same tendency was shown between water-soluble sulfur and total injured index. This method using pear plant will be applied to the evaluation of air pollution.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.219-223
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• 2002

This study investigated effects of bark acidity, leaf acidity and water soluble sulfur contents by SO$_2$, 1-2 seedling of Prunus yedoensis and Ligustrum obtusifolium were treated 5 level (0. 0.5, 1, 2, 4 ppm) of SO$_2$. The tallowing results were obtained; In the case of bark and leaf acidities, pH values decreased as SO$_2$ concentration was high. Prunus yedoensis compare with Ligustrum obtusifolium had high relative susceptibility because rates of increase in bark and leaf acidities were high according to SO$_2$ concentration. Water soluble sulfur contents in the leaves also increased as SO$_2$ concentration was high. Prunus yedoensis compare with Ligustrum obtusifolium had high relative susceptibility because increase rates of water soluble sulfur contents in the leaves were high according to SO$_2$ concentration.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1985

To examine the effects of air pollution on Pinus thunbergii growing around Yocheon Industrial Complex, evaluation of visible injury based on Injury Index and chemical analysis of water-soluble sulfur and fluorine contents in needles were carried out on 30 sampling sites. Histological responses of needles were also investigated on the necrotic needle tissues. Not only Injury Index but water-soluble sulfur and fluorine contents were higher at all sites than those at control site, and showed significant correlationship among them. Especially, they were rather higher in the vicinity of air pollutants sources. Water-soluble sulfur contents were positively correlated with average atomospheric $SO_3$ concentrations. Microscopic examination of necrotic needle tissues showed that mesophyll cells were collapsed with hypertrophy and collapse of transfusion cells.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1993

During the autumn of 1991, the water soluble sulfur content in litters of platanus orientalis on the street sides in seoul, pusan, taegu, taejeon, kwangji, ulsan and ch'unch'on cities were determined. The relationship between the water soluble s content in litters of p. orientalis and the traffic was analysed. The average content of water soluble s in litters of p. orientalis in pusan, taegu, taejeon, seoul, ulsan, ch'unch'on and kwangju cities were 0.71%, 0.60%, 0.66%, 0.58%, 0.50%, 0.43%, 0.38%, respectively. The correlation was not statistically significant between the s content in litters of p. orientalis is related to the traffic of each studied area. consequently the water soluble s content in litters of p. orientalis is supposed to be an indirect indicator of air pollution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 1992

In this study, the water soluble sulfur, lead and cadmium contents of Prunus yedoerais leaves were analysed. The water soluble sulfur content considered as a main pollution indicator was extracted by the conventional barium sulfate method and the concentrations were calculated. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. The water soluble sulfur contents of the leaves collected from the heavy traffic roadside trees were two time higher than that of control materials on average. It was presumed those trees has been under meaningful pollutants impact. The water soluble sulfur contents of leaves between Cheonju and Iri was higher than that between Iri and Kunsan. 2. The range of Pb contents from roadside trees was 11.9-34.5 ppm for exceeding the control. The trees grown on the right roadside were more heavliy Pb-contaminated. 3. The range of Cd contents from roadside trees grown between Iri and Kunsan, the site-to-site variations of Cd concentration was not significant.