• Title/Summary/Keyword: solid content

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A Study on Combustion Property of Oxidizing Solid-Combustible Support Mixtures (산화성고체-조연제 혼합물의 연소성에 관한 연구)

  • 송영호;강민호;정국삼
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.71-75
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to review the factors that influence on the combustion experiment of oxidizing solid such as mixing ratio of oxidizing solid and combustible support content ratio of oxidizing solid, ambient temperature, maturing time, combustible support, and additives. The 30g mixing compound samples of oxidizing solid and combustible support were tested with different mixing ratios. As a result, the Infest burning time was measured when mixing ratio was 4 (oxidizing solid) : 1 (combustible support). And the burning time was decreasing as the ambient temperature and maturing time were increasing.

Biodrying of municipal solid waste under different ventilation periods

  • Ab Jalil, N.A.;Basri, H.;Basri, N.E. Ahmad;Abushammala, Mohammed F.M.
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.145-151
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    • 2016
  • Biodrying is a pre-treatment method that applies biological and mechanical concepts to drying solid waste. In Malaysia, municipal solid waste (MSW) is unseparated and contains a high level of moisture, making the use of technology such as solid waste burning unsuitable and harmful. MSW containing organic material can be processed naturally until the moisture content of the waste is reduced. This study on MSW biodrying was carried out on a laboratory scale to measure the percent moisture content reduction and to monitor temperature patterns under different ventilation periods. This work was conducted using five biodrying reactors volumes of 50 liters each. Reactors were ventilated for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min every 3 h, with a 3 bar air supply. The duration of this process was 14 days for all samples. The results showed that the optimum ventilation time was 10 min, with an 81.84% reduction in moisture content, and that it required almost half of the electricity cost required for the 20 and 30 min ventilations.

Use of Calcium Carbonate for Improving Solid Content of KOCC Wet Web (탄산칼슘 적용에 의한 KOCC 지필의 고형분 증대)

  • Hwang, In-Young;Ji, Sung-Gil;Seo, Yung-Bum
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2013
  • For the manufacture of linerboard with 100% KOCC, we tried to increase the solid content of wet web by employing GCC (grounded calcium carbonate) in the fiber furnish to save drying energy. Three different diameters of GCC, namely, 5, 10, and $35{\mu}m$, were used. To complement the strength loss by the addition of GCC, cationic starch and refining treatment were tried. It was found that the addition of $10-35{\mu}m$ dia. GCC to KOCC for $180g/m^2$ basis weight sheets increased the solid content of the furnish about 1-1.5% with better bulk and drainage properties. The loss of strength properties were compensated by the application of cationic starch and/or refining process to the KOCC furnish. The dia. of GCC of $35{\mu}m$ was, however, too large to make smooth surface of the sample sheet. So, the optimization process was required before implementing the results to the mill by selecting proper diameter and shape of the calcium carbonate.

Manufacturing Characteristics of Solid-State Fermentation Distilled Spirits Using Rice Nuruk (Fermented Starter) and Sorghum (쌀누룩과 수수를 사용한 고체발효 증류주의 제조 특성)

  • Shin, J.Y.;Jeong, D.S.;Kang, C.S.;Choi, H.S.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.39-48
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    • 2021
  • In this study, characteristics of solid-state fermentation distilled spirits with nuruk (fermentation starter) and sorghum were investigated. The starch digestion activity was highest in black koji (A. usamii) at 359.15 U/g dry base, white koji (A. luchuensis) at 306.98 and yellow koji (A. oryzae) at 15.31 was followed. The pH of the solid-state fermented mash in yellow, white and black koji showed 5.09, 4.46 and 4.50 respectively with significant differences (p<0.001). The total acid content of white and black koji was 0.73% as citric acid. The alcohol content of mash prepared with yellow, white and black koji was 4.34, 4.24, 3.89% respectively. The contents of reducing sugar showed 3.28, 3.23 and 2.64%. Total sugar were 14.88, 17.84 and 17.60% respectively. The alcohol content of each distillate ranged from 44.3 to 39.9%, and the furfural content in yellow koji was 1.25 times lower than the others.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATED GRADER FOR APPLES

  • Park, K. H.;Lee, K. J.;Park, D. S.;Y. S. Han
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2000.11c
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    • pp.513-520
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    • 2000
  • An integrated grader which measures soluble solid content, color and weight of fresh apples was developed by NAMRI. The prototype grader consists of the near infrared spectroscopy and machine vision system. Image processing system and an algorithm to evaluate color were developed to speed up the color evaluation of apples. To avoid the light glare and specular reflection, an half-spherical illumination chamber was designed and fabricated to detect the color images of spherical-shaped apples more precisely. A color revision model based on neural network was developed. Near-infrared(NIR) spectroscopy system using NIR reflectance method developed by Lee et al(1998) of NAMRI was used to evaluate soluble solid content. In order to observe the performance of the grader, tests were conducted on conditions that there are 3 classes in weight sorting, 4 classes in combination of color and soluble solid content, and thus 12 classes in combined sorting. The average accuracy in weight, color and soluble solid content is more than about 90 % with the capacity of 3 fruits per second.

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Development of Physical Treatment Technology for Stall Wastewater

  • Oh, In-Hwan;Park, Jeung-Hyun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 1996.06c
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    • pp.728-736
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    • 1996
  • Solid/Liquid(S/L) separation is crucial for biological treatment of animal wastewater. Liquid portion from S/L separation has less BOD-load and proper post-strip treatment can be obtained . Screen or declined sieve was normally used to separate the solid parts. For better separating efficiency a vibration and a cylindrical separator were constructed and tested. The results are summarized as follows : Solids removal efficiency and moisture content of separated solid were 15-26% and 85-88%, respectively for the vibration separator. For the cylindrical separator, solid removal efficiency and moisture content of solid were 16-39% and 86-89% , respectively. The greatest amount of drymatter was obtained when operating vibration separator with 10。 inclination and 100% vibrating power. For the cylindrical separator maximum efficiency was obtained with 40rpm and 19 inclination . The vibration and the cylindrical separator have shown 21% and 26% in BOD removal, respectively. These two types of separator were proved to be applicable methods for animal wastewater separation.

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Analysis of Fundamental Properties of Cement Mortar with Change of Solid Contents of PC Type Water Reducing Agent (PC계 감수제의 고형분율 변화에 따른 시멘트 모르타르의 기초적 특성 분석)

  • Kim, Min-Sang;Moon, Byeong-Yong;Lee, Jae-Jin;Lee, Jea-Hyun;Han, Min-Cheol;Han, Cheon-Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2017.11a
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    • pp.22-23
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    • 2017
  • This research aimed to analyze the fundamental properties of cement mortar accompanying the change of solid contents of PC type water reducing agent. As a result of the experiment, in the case of flow to the properties of the fresh mortar, it shows a tendency to decrease as the solid content ratio decreases, and the decrease width with the passage of time is greatly reduced when 30 minutes passed since the passage of 60minutes It turned out that it was. In the case of the air contents and the compressive strength, it was found that there is almost no difference due to the change in the solid contents.

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Application of spacers for increasing OCC solid content in wet pressing process (I) (스페이서 사용에 의한 OCC 압착공정의 고형분 증대 (I))

  • Hwang, In-Young;Lee, Young-Ho;Jung, Jae-Gwon;Sung, Yong-Joo;Seo, Yung-Bum
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2012
  • The increase of OCC solid content after wet pressing will save drying energy greatly. We applied spacers, which used to increase draining rate and bulk in fiber furnishes, to increase the OCC solid contents. MDF fibers (fibers for making medium density fiberboard) and diatomaceous earth were used as spacers, and added 10% by weight to the OCC fiber furnish. Application of high wet pressing pressure to the mixed furnish of spacers and refined OCC did not deteriorate bulk and drainage rate, but their solid contents were increased to 0.5-1.5% without loss of compressive strength when compared to those of unrefined OCC, which is the furnish normally used for mill commercial practice. It is believed that the spacers caused the rate of solid content increase faster in the mixed furnish with OCC at high wet pressing pressure area than the unrefined OCC furnish did. Little amount of starch addition (0.5%) to the spacers helped to keep the strength properties.

Correlation between Soluble Solid Content and Physicochemical Properties of ‘Bing’ Cherry at Different Stages of Ripening after Harvest (‘Bing’ 체리의 숙기에 따른 당도와 이화학적 품질인자의 상관관계)

  • Hong, Yoon-Pyo;Choi, Sun-Young;Cho, Mi-Ae;Choi, Sun-Tay;Kim, Sung-Jong
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.370-375
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    • 2010
  • Cherries (Prunus avium L) were selected at the light red (LR) and dark red (DR) stages of maturation. Soluble solid content and the physicochemical properties of fresh 'Bing' cherries were analyzed to identify an instrumental nondestructive attribute reflecting changes in sweetness. Soluble solid content was significantly correlated with various physicochemical properties (firmness, color, and acid level) in LR-stage cherries. In DR-stage cherries, only firmness was positively correlated with soluble solid content. A positive correlation was found between soluble solid content and firmness of 200 randomly selected cherries. Thus, flesh firmness may be a useful quality factor indicating potential consumer acceptance of 'Bing' cherries.

Deoxidation of Solid Nd Metal by the Metal Calcium Vapour (금속 Ca증기에 의한 고체 Nd 금속의 탈산)

  • Choi, Yonug-Jin;Kim, Sang-Wuk;Jeon, Byung-Seo;Song, Chang-Bin;Oho, Yoon-Seok;Lee, Young-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.237-241
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    • 2017
  • As a basic study for the removal of oxygen in solid Nd metal by metal Ca vapour, by using the thermodynamic data such as ${\Delta}G-T$ diagrams and Nd-O and Nd-Ca equilibrium diagrams, the amount of residual oxygen in solid Nd metal formed based on deoxidation reaction by Ca vapour, instead of by direct contact of solid Nd metal and Ca solution, was determined. Deoxidation experiments were carried out for solid Nd metal in a temperature range of $890{\sim}970^{\circ}C$ for 1h to 4h and content of addition Ca of 0.6~1.8 g (5~15 wt% of solid Nd metal). As a result, it was found that as deoxidation temperature increased, dissolved oxygen decreased. Especially, it was observed that a small amount of Nd-Ca alloy liquid was formed on the surface of the solid Nd metal sample deoxidized at $970^{\circ}C$ for approximately 1 hour. Also, it was found that if the content of addition Ca was 1.8 g (15 wt% of solid Nd metal) the amount of produced Nd-Ca alloy increased slightly. However, for the Nd sample with which the deoxidation reaction was performed at $930^{\circ}C$ for 4h with content of addition of Ca of 1.5 g (13 wt% of Nd metal), the residual oxygen was found to decreased to 12.00 ppm.