• 제목/요약/키워드: soil physicochemical

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Effect of Chemical Fertilizer and Compost on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Leaf Mineral Content, Yield and Fruit Quality of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Open Field

  • Lee, Seong Eun;Park, Jin Myeon;Park, Young Eun;Lim, Tae Jun
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제48권6호
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    • pp.683-688
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    • 2015
  • Nowadays, sustainable and environment-friendly agriculture has become an important issue all around the world, and repeated applications of mineral and/or organic fertilizer will probably affect mineral nutrient dynamics in soil in the long term but only a limited number of observations are available. This study was carried out to investigate whether there is any influence of different fertilizer management for red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation on soil physicochemical properties, leaf mineral content, yield and fruit quality in the aspect of long-term practice in open field condition. NPK, NPK+compost, compost only, and unfertilized control plot were included in the treatments. The application of chemical fertilizer and/or compost repeated annually for 17 years from 1994 to 2011. Soil organic matter content was higher in compost treatments than in no-manure treatments. Available phosphate and the yield of red pepper were highest in NPK+compost treatment followed by NPK (chemical fertilizer), compost, and control. The results indicate that in the long term, nitrogen supply is still needed for increasing red pepper yield, but reduction in the use of chemical fertilizer could be also possible with the proper application of compost.

유기성폐자원을 이용한 산불토양의 생태학적 복원을 위한 토양의 생물학적, 물리화학적 기초특성연구 (Basic study on the biological and physicochemical properties of burnt forest soil for the ecological restoration by organic waste)

  • 정영률;송인근;김영준
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.79-89
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    • 2005
  • 유기성폐기물 및 토양미생물을 이용하여 산불로 훼손된 산림토양을 생태적으로 복원하기 위한 일환으로 동해안 지역에서 발생한 산불토양의 물리화학적 환경요인 및 생물학적 특성을 분석하였다. 토양 시료는 산불의 영향을 받지 않은 정상토양(US), 산불 후 자연적으로 복원된 토양(NS)과 산불 후 인위적인 복원이 시도된 토양(AS) 등, 세 지역의 표토와 심토를 이용하였다. 모든 토양 시료는 사질토가 우세한 pH5.34~5.78의 산성 토양이었으며, 함수량은 정상토양에서 높게 나타났고 자연복원지와 인위복원지에서는 표토의 함수량이 심토보다 낮았다. 총 유기물량과 수용성 당량은 정상토양에서 특히 높았으며, 전체적으로 심토보다 표토에서 높게 나타났다. 토양 종속영양세균의 군집크기는 정상토양의 표토 (UST)와 자연복원지 심토(NSS)에서 크게 나타났으며, 탈수소효소, 섬유소 분해효소, 산성 인산 분해효소의 활성도는 정상토양에서 높게 나타났다. 미생물 작용의 1차지표가 되는 탈수소효소의 활성도는 함수량과 0.902 (P<0.05)의 높은 상관관계를 보였다.

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PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF UASB GRANULAR SLUDGE WITH DIFFERENT SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS

  • 안영희;송영진;이유진;박성훈
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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    • pp.172-181
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    • 2001
  • Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) system employs granular sludge to treat various wastewaters including landfill leachate. CH$_4$ production of the granules determines overall performance of a UASB reactor. Sludge granules are developed by self-granulation of microorganisms and dynamic balance between granule growth and decay results in coexistence of granules with different sizes in the reactor. In this study, granules taken from a laboratory-scale UASB reactor were classified into 4 groups based on their diameters and their Physicochemical characteristics we were investigated. Each group was analyzed for settling ability, specific methanogenic activity (SMA), and elemental content. Settling ability was proportional to granule diameter. suggesting effective detainment of larger granules in the reactor. When acetate or glucose was used as a substrate, all groups showed relatively slight difference in SMA. However SMA with a volatile fatty acid mixture showed significant increase with granule diameter, suggesting better establishment of syntrophic relationship in larger granules. Larger granules showed higher value of SMA upon environmental changes (i.e., PH, temperature, or toxicant concentration). Comparative analysis of elemental contents showed that content (dry weight %) of most tested elements (iron, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, nickel. and manganese) deceased with granule diameter, suggesting importance of these elements for initial granulation. Taken together, this study verified experimentally that Physicochemical Properties of granules are related to granule size distributions. Overall results of physicochemical characterization supports that larger.

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동물성 아미노산 시용이 토양이화학성과 노지고추 생육 및 품질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of "Animal Amino Acid's Bestamin" on the Physicochemical Properties of Soil, the Growth and Fruit Quality of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.))

  • 채윤석;홍점규;이상우
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.501-511
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of applying levels of Bestamin, animal amino acid, on growth and quality of hot pepper and physicochemical properties of soil. Treatment was given with 200, 400, 800, 1600kg per 10a to control of Bestamin, difference of physicochemical properties was lower than Bestamin, and $P_2O_5$ seems to be reduced, also $K^+$, $Ca^{++}$ were obviously low compared to the control. The content of $NO_{3-}N$ was low compared to control at the Bestamin treated plot. Plant height was longest at 800 treatment and main stem length, main stem weigh and the number of leaves were significantly different with 400 and 800 treatment. No difference was found among the fruit weight, length, diameter in first harvest, but there was significantly different at control of 2nd, 3rd harvest and more increased than 400 and 800 treatment. Fruit weight per plant was the heaviest at 400 and 800 treatment, and the number of fruit was no difference at red pepper but increased with 400 and 800 at green pepper, and yield per 10a was significantly increased to 4503.6kg and 4582.5kg, respectively. Nitrogen in mesophyll accumulation content was obviously reduced at Bestamin treatment compared to control, and amino acid was reduced with control.

Responses of Low-Quality Soil Microbial Community Structure and Activities to Application of a Mixed Material of Humic Acid, Biochar, and Super Absorbent Polymer

  • Li, Fangze;Men, Shuhui;Zhang, Shiwei;Huang, Juan;Puyang, Xuehua;Wu, Zhenqing;Huang, Zhanbin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제30권9호
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    • pp.1310-1320
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    • 2020
  • Low-quality soil for land reuse is a crucial problem in vegetation quality and especially to waste disposal sites in mining areas. It is necessary to find suitable materials to improve the soil quality and especially to increase soil microbial diversity and activity. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a mixed material of humic acid, super absorbent polymer and biochar on low-quality soil indexes and the microbial community response. The indexes included soil physicochemical properties and the corresponding plant growth. The results showed that the mixed material could improve chemical properties and physical structure of soil by increasing the bulk density, porosity, macro aggregate, and promote the mineralization of nutrient elements in soil. The best performance was achieved by adding 3 g·kg-1 super absorbent polymer, 3 g·kg-1 humic acid, and 10 g·kg-1 biochar to soil with plant total nitrogen, dry weight and height increased by 85.18%, 266.41% and 74.06%, respectively. Physicochemical properties caused changes in soil microbial diversity. Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, and Proteobacteria were significantly positively correlated with most of the physical, chemical and plant indicators. Actinobacteria and Armatimonadetes were significantly negatively correlated with most measurement factors. Therefore, this study can contribute to improving the understanding of low-quality soil and how it affects soil microbial functions and sustainability.

Electrokinetic정화시 토질의 완충능을 고려한 시료내의 pH변화 (pH Variation In Soils Considering Buffer Capacity during Electrokinetic Extraction)

  • 오승록;한상재;김수삼;조성호
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.585-590
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    • 2001
  • Physicochemical phenomena in soils are dependent upon pH when using electrokinetic extraction for the contaminants removal especially for heavy metals. pH variation in soils is affected on H$\^$+/ and OH ̄ ions produced by electrolysis reaction and buffer capacity of soil. High amount of heavy metals are retained in the soils if the soil buffer capacity remains high enough to resist a change in pH. Therefore, accurate pH estimation of soil is important in the application of electrokinetic mechanism for decontamination and understanding of subsurface physicochemical characteristics is also required as well as considering buffer capacity for the enhanced methods application. For these, buffer capacity and pH distribution were measured for the four soils, and also compared with modeling results. The results of buffer modeling were good agreement with experimental data. It is showed that four soils were effected by buffer capacity

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가학광산 주변 중금속 함유 토양입자의 이화학적·광물학적 특성연구 (Characterization of Mineralogical and Physicochemical Properties of Soils Contaminated with Metals at Gahak Mine)

  • 이충현;이선용;박찬오;김종원;이상환;박미정;정문영;이영재
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.83-89
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    • 2015
  • Soil samples collected in an area of Gahak Mine were investigated for the characterization of mineralogical and physicochemical properties of contaminants in soils. It is found that soils in the study area are contaminated by lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), in which their concentrations are 595.3 mg/kg, 184.9 mg/kg, 712.8 mg/kg, and 10.64 mg/kg, respectively. All the concentrations exceed the concern criteria of Korean standard. Upon distribution patterns of metals identified by the sequential extraction procedure, our results show that more than 50% of metals are found as a residual type, and 30% are accounted for the association of Fe/Mn oxides. Interestingly, XRD results show that minium (Pb3O4) and cuprite (Cu2O) are identified in the soil samples, suggesting that the sources of the contaminants for Pb and Cu are these minerals. In SEM images, tens of µm of Pb oxides and Pb silicate-minerals are observed. We, therefore, note that the contamination of metals in the study area results from the direct influx and disturbance of tailings. Our findings indicate that the characterization of physicochemical and mineralogical properties of contaminated soils is a critical factor and plays an important role in optimizing recovery treatments of soils contaminated in mine development areas.

Effects of formulation including pretreated wood as a component of a growing media for tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea)

  • Choi, Myung-Suk;Ha, Si Young;Jung, Ji Young;Kim, Ji Su;Nam, Jeong Bin;Yang, Jae-Kyung
    • 농업생명과학연구
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.137-146
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    • 2016
  • This experiment was designed to assess the physical and chemical properties of growing media substituted with a range of increasing concentrations of pretreated wood and to relate these properties to plant growth responses. For preparing the growing media, each material was combined with rural soil, peat, perlite and pretreated wood. Physicochemical properties studied were similar to ideal substrate ranges for plant growth on growing media, including pretreated wood. Physical properties were also well maintained over time. In comparison to plants growing in 100% rural soil, tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea) in the prepared growing media achieved better growth, especially when using the 50% rural soil + 50% PPW(peat + perlite + pretreated wood, 3:1:6(w/w/w)) and 30% rural soil + 70% PPW (peat + perlite + pretreated wood, 3:1:6(w/w/w)), and showed improved germination percentage. We confirmed the potential use of growing media, including pretreated wood. Furthermore, our results show a correlation among the physicochemical properties of tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea); physical properties were significantly influenced by germination and aerial parts. The root length of physicochemical properties was correlated with bulk density and organic compound (p<0.01).

Research Trends of Ecotoxicity of Nanoparticles in Soil Environment

  • Lee, Woo-Mi;Kim, Shin-Woong;Kwak, Jin-Il;Nam, Sun-Hwa;Shin, Yu-Jin;An, Youn-Joo
    • Toxicological Research
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.253-259
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    • 2010
  • We are consistently being exposed to nanomaterials in direct and/or indirect route as they are used in almost all the sectors in our life. Nations across the worlds are now trying to put global regulation policy on nanomaterials. Sometimes, they are reported to be more toxic than the corresponding ion and micromaterials. Therefore, safety research of nanoparticles has huge implications on a national economics. In this study, we evaluated and analyzed the research trend of ecotoxicity of nanoparticles in soil environment. Test species include terrestrial plants, earthworms, and soil nematode. Soil enzyme activities were also discussed. We found that the results of nanotoxicity studies were affected by many factors such as physicochemical properties, size, dispersion method and test medium of nanoparticle, which should be considered when conducting toxicity researches. In particular, more researches on the effect of physicochemical properties and fate of nanoparticles on toxicity effect should be conducted consistently.

토양개량제 '프로파일'의 혼합에 따른 토양의 물리화학성 및 한지형 잔디의 생육 개선 (Improvement of Physicochemical Properties and Turfgrass Growth by Root Zone Mixture of Soil Amendment 'Profile')

  • 김영선;임혜정;함선규;이긍주
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.262-271
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 토양개량제 '프로파일'의 처리에 의한 토양의 물리화학성 및 잔디의 생육에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사 하였다. 토양개량제 비율별 처리구는 토양개량제 '프로파일'을 처리하지 않은 대조구(0%), 3% 처리구(3%), 5% 처리구(5%), 7% 처리구(7%), 그리고 10% 처리구(10%)로 설정하였다. 토양개량제 '프로파일'의 혼합비율 증가에 따라 전기전도도, 양이온치환용량, 모세관공극 및 공극은 증가하였고, 용적밀도와 수리전도도는 감소하였다. 잔디의 엽색 지수와 잔디 예지물이 7% 처리구에서 가장 높았고, '프로파일'의 처리량과 엽색 지수는 정의 상관성을 보였다. 토양의 이화학적 특성과 잔디 생육 지수별 상관관계 조사에서 양이온치환용량은 엽색 지수, 엽록소 지수 및 잔디 예지물에 대해 정의 상관성, 토양공극은 엽색 지수에 대해 정의 상관성을 나타내었다. 이들 결과를 종합할 때, 토양개량제 '프로파일'은 토양의 양이온치환용량과 토양공극을 개선하여 잔디의 품질과 생육이 개선되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.