• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.875-882
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• 2008

This research proposes an alternative approach to machine learning based ones for text categorization. For using machine learning based approaches for any task of text mining, documents should be encoded into numerical vectors; it causes two problems: huge dimensionality and sparse distribution. Although there are various tasks of text mining such as text categorization, text clustering, and text summarization, the scope of this research is restricted to text categorization. The idea of this research is to avoid the two problems by encoding a document or documents into a table, instead of numerical vectors. Therefore, the goal of this research is to improve the performance of text categorization by proposing approaches, which are free from the two problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.3 s.18
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The primary source of disaster information for victims as well as ordinary people is mass media. In spite of their importance, the media often inaccurately portrays reality, which has stimulated academic debates. In Korea, however, media reporting patters of disaster have been hardly addressed. Therefore, the paper analyzes how newspaper and television news have reported typhoon Rusa between August 29 and October 1 in 2002 by using KINDS(Korean Integrated News Database System). The results show that television news tend to present more soft news stories emphasizing human interest stories than newspaper articles, relying on victims as primary interviewees. It is also pointed out that the Korean media do not play a significant role in providing disaster information to public regarding how to lessen the effects of impact through preparation. Disaster mythology representing wrong beliefs about human behavior in disaster is found in Korean media reporting, too. Unlike their western counterparts, however, Korean media seem to use the dependency image of helpless victims in order to stimulate donations. Analyses of disaster reporting patterns suggest that, in make disaster warning messages associated with behavioral responses, credible and official sources should provide clear and precise warning messages to the media, and the media also need to stress individual responsibilities in protecting his or her own properties not to make victims heavily dependent on public supports, while inducing donations.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.74
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• pp.136-176
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• 2015

Despite the great significance we attach on culture, only a handful of researches focus on the characteristics and practices of cultural journalism. This study has aimed to unravel the changes in the trajectory of cultural journalism of Korean major newspapers, through content analysis and qualitative interpretation of the cultural contents they report. The results show that the number of cultual items have decreased compared to that of 10 years ago, although the entire number of pages has meanwhile increased. News items focused on 'products(advertisement)' and 'life(style)' have increased, whereas those on 'knowledge refined' and 'leisure entertainment' have decreased. 'Critique review commentary', 'academics' and 'performance exhibition art music' items turn out to have decreased significantly; soft contents such as mass culture, tourism, fashion and beauty, on the other hand, have increased considerably. Moreover, the demographic characteristics of news contributors remain almost the same, except that the proportion of ordinary readers/audience has slightly increased. Similarly, although there were no difference regarding the sources of direct quotation, the frequency of quotes from ordinary readers has increased. Consequently, these results imply how the cultural journalism of Korean newspapers are limited in encompassing diverse types of content, differentiating constitution, and presenting critical viewpoints.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.80-110
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• 2021

Public diplomacy (PD) scholars tend to consider two main principals: the country or agent that conducts PD (Actor A), and target groups in the host country in which PD is conducted (Actor B). The field currently lacks theories of how communications between Actors A and B can be disrupted by a third party, such as a group of motivated trolls, an organised advocacy group, or a hostile country and its agents. The purpose of this article is to outline some theoretical considerations for how the PD research field might move away from a two-actor model of PD to one in which disruption is part of the discussion. The case study explores the activities of an interest group called Media Watchdogs of Sweden (MEWAS). MEWAS was a group of around 200 members who met in a hidden Facebook group to coordinate off-platform activities aimed at influencing perceptions of how the Swedish government handled the COVID-19 pandemic in the eyes of foreign governments, researchers, decision-makers, and media. Much critical news coverage in the international press has been linked to this group. Unpacking some of MEWAS' activities, which can be considered a quite typical mixture of legitimate and illegitimate communication techniques used by activist groups, can help to shed light on some difficult questions regarding disruption in PD.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.99-113
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare the social image and the external image of a Korean woman in 1970s and find out that the make-up can provide an important clue to examine the image of a woman in a given period. The research scope covered 10 top news of the daily newspapers and articles of women's magazines. A focus was made to an analysis on words and photos from them. The relationship of each image scale was examined by comparing the linguistic image scale and the visual image scale. The results were as follows : First, a frugal and tidy image. It was the look of our tidy, simple, traditional and classic woman. Second, an image of a cute and pure lady of refined manners. In 1970s, women were supposed to be 'a loving wife', a cultured female image with a faithful role of a 'wise mother' and a lady of refined manners as the best value. Third, a frivolous and decadent image. Double-faced image of a woman which included the women, who had to live as the lady of refined manners during the daytime and seductive woman during the night. Fourth, an image of a contemporary working woman. It was the image as a chic, confident and dignified working woman requested by the society of the times. Namely, it can be understood that women had a make-up of a soft and gorgeous tone as an expression of a will to keep a confident and female aspect in the course of working in the society by the women experiencing 1970s, the turbulent period. Consequently, it is possible to understand that the make-up was utilized as a means to express an ideal beauty of the time pursuant to the historical background or feature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.509-526
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• 2015

The study investigated the N-Screen strategies of paid digital contents of foreign newspapers belonging to advanced companies: USA, United Kingdom, and Japan. This research employed the time to launch paid digital content business, whether or not to segment market, and 4p marketing mix strategies for analyzing the strategies. The results show that the strategies, starting around the year 2000, had experience chasm, and then revived since the year 2010, when the penetration rate of mobile devices proliferated. Most newspapers still supply contents under the assumption that they paly in a mass market. The items of paid digital contents are mainly composed of e-paper and digital contents. Regarding the price strategy, soft paywall and combination paywall are largely used. Distribution strategy is subject to whether or not to discriminate the path of digital contents. As for promotion strategy, bundling strategy with newspaper is mostly utilized. The difference between western countries and Japan was found in term of the free trial service.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.109-118
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• 2003

This design is for the landscape of Busan Yeonje Post Office. The design requirements were: the preparation of an open space, the expression of regional identity, total design concept, and application of environmentally-friendly materials. The Busan Yeonje Post Office is not a just post office building but also a place for people including a communications center, rental offices, and a post office, facilities which require publicity, functionality, and symbolism. Therefore, this design reflected the design requirements, and considered the following to include the theme of "Pleasant messages and a pleasant post office with vitality and comfort. First, the open space was to be increased in the adjacent public vacant lot and street park by pulling back the construction line. In this way, the publicity, accessibility, and spatiality of the prepared open space were strengthened. Second, a sense of place for the landscape was expressed through the image of a wave representing Busan, a coastal town. Recognition of the space was strengthened, while regional identity and the concept of transmission of information were expressed. In addition, Citrus junos Sieb., representing 'Happy news' was Planted as a symbolic tree to denote a meaningful resting Place. Third, with respect to the design of reception facilities, considering the general purposes of the construction, post office stamps, envelopes, and postal delivery persons were portrayed on the walls, decorative walls, and environmental formations respectively The flooring was decorated with stamps and waves in keeping with of the total design concept. Fourth, to select environmentally-friendly materials, soil block and eco-grass block were introduced as major paving materials, and folk kinds of trees were included on site. According to the aforesaid plans, the researcher attempted to convert the public agency and office space characterized by feelings of dullness and rigidity into a soft and vivid outdoor space. It is expected that the location will be an open place in the downtown area and be recognized as a 'shared' space for citizens of Yeonje-gu.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to understand changes of the current young generation's lifestyle, aesthetic attitude for an appearance, and way of thinking by making a close investigation into metrosexual, the recent mode, and find out its cultural and social implications. As a method of the study, the literature and the Internet data were reviewed. Articles from newspapers, magazines and the Internet were chosen roughly from the year 2000 to now because metrosexual mode remarkably boomed before and after 2000. Books related to the theory on the mode in a costume culture were referred. Also, articles in daily newspapers which dealt with cultural and social issues were reviewed, fashion magazines for men such as Esquire and GQ showing the new trend in men's lifestyle and fashion were examined, and the Internet providing us the latest news from cultural and social topics to fashion trends were investigated. The backgrounds of the rise of metrosexual mode were a collapse of stereotypes in various fields, spread of lookism in a visual image period, extension of commercialism, and expansion of men's character casual trend. Metrosexual was defined as an urban male with a strong aesthetic sense who spends a great deal of time and money on his appearance and lifestyle. His fashion style was characterized by slim and flowing silhouette, feminine and luxurious materials such as transparent chiffon, silk and cotton with a light and soft touch, and a knitted wear with a flowing line, a wide variety of vivid and pastel colors, floral and geometric patterns, and the decorative details like lace, beads, embroidery, and fur. From spread of this mode, two cultural and social implications were extracted. Firstly, the current young generation's aesthetic standards for the perfect man changed from macho man to considerate man who had a good appearance and this suggested that a conventional sex role broke down. Secondly, men began to explore for their own identity escaping from traditionally standardized masculinity that they had been forced to follow.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.247-263
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• 1996

This study focuses on a comparative study of 1960s'retro look mode in terms of the past and present in order to find out in detail how it in the past is readjusted after it was appeared in the present. For such a study, in the first place the contents of the dress and its ornament of a retro-look fashion was refined through some literature, and then, some works of the dress and its ornament of a retro-look fashion was refinded through some literature, and then, some works of eh dress and its ornament revived in 1960's mode were analysed, based on some fashion magazines at home and abroad like Bazaar, Fashion etc News in 1990s. After 1960s'retro-look mode which reappeared in 1990s was researched in terms of silhouette, detail, texture, color, and pattern, differences between those tow periods of 1960s and 1990s and their causes are summarized as follows: 1. In the aspect of silhouette, it appears that the silhouette in 1960s is that of somewhat stiff, charming image in which Body is excluded and the silhouette in 1990s is that of an soft, feminie image in which Body is emphasized. It was understood that the cause of such a delicate difference comes from the influences of the change in aesthetic senses or awareness, naturalism and neo-feminism. 2. In the aspect of detail, it appears that the detail in 1990s is of an attempt to express in diverse images, compared to that in 1960s, and new images are created new image in 1990s by means of presenting entirely ill-matched images. The major cause of that is because of Antistandard fashion. 3. In the aspect of textures, it appears that a great feature is that the texture in 1990s is of that introduced, being changed in natural and high-class looks, compared to that of 1960s. It was reviewed that the major cause of this is because of a result from the influence of naturalism and the technical growth in various fields which has brought the development of dress material. 4. In the aspect of color, it appears that the color in 1990s is of an image of primary color which is far more sensual and feminie than that of 1960s. It was studied that the major cause of ti comes from the influence of neo-feminism, etc. 5. In the aspect of pattern, it appears that the pattern in 1990s is of that of symbolism, transposition, and the ecletic feature of various modes which appear more deeply than that of 1960s. It was studied that the major cause of such changes is because of a trend of postmodernism which has brought the change of the spiritual structure different from that in the age of modernism. In conclusion, it was understood that the retro-look fashion is of an expression technic of dress and its ornament in that o dress in the pst is simply imitate, but new reconstitution is done by using the elements in the past. at the same time, ti was clarified that even though the elements in the past are revived as they were, dress and its ornament is governed by the social and cultural environments of he day, and with this proof it can be said that the fashion in each age is of a reflection of social phenomena of that age.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.181-213
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• 2018

How to study Southeast Asia (SEA)? The need to explore and identify methodologies for studying SEA are inherent in its multifaceted subject matter. At a minimum, the region's rich cultural diversity inhibits both the articulation of decisive defining characteristics and the training of scholars who can write with confidence beyond their specialisms. Consequently, the challenges of understanding the region remain and a consensus regarding the most effective approaches to studying its history, identity and future seem quite unlikely. Furthermore, "Area Studies" more generally, has proved to be a less attractive frame of reference for burgeoning scholarly trends. This paper will propose a new tool to help address these challenges. Even though the science of artificial intelligence (AI) is in its infancy, it has already yielded new approaches to many commercial, scientific and humanistic questions. At this point, AI has been used to produce news, generate better smart phones, deliver more entertainment choices, analyze earthquakes and write fiction. The time has come to explore the possibility that AI can be put at the service of the study of SEA. The paper intends to lay out what would be required to develop SEABOT. This instrument might exist as a robot on the web which might be called upon to make the study of SEA both broader and more comprehensive. The discussion will explore the financial resources, ownership and timeline needed to make SEABOT go from an idea to a reality. SEABOT would draw upon artificial neural networks (ANNs) to mine the region's "Big Data", while synthesizing the information to form new and useful perspectives on SEA. Overcoming significant language issues, applying multidisciplinary methods and drawing upon new yields of information should produce new questions and ways to conceptualize SEA. SEABOT could lead to findings which might not otherwise be achieved. SEABOT's work might well produce outcomes which could open up solutions to immediate regional problems, provide ASEAN planners with new resources and make it possible to eventually define and capitalize on SEA's "soft power". That is, new findings should provide the basis for ASEAN diplomats and policy-makers to develop new modalities of cultural diplomacy and improved governance. Last, SEABOT might also open up avenues to tell the SEA story in new distinctive ways. SEABOT is seen as a heuristic device to explore the results which this instrument might yield. More important the discussion will also raise the possibility that an AI-driven perspective on SEA may prove to be even more problematic than it is beneficial.