• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2000

Survival of pathogenic bacteris(S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli and S. typhimurium) in tryptic soy broth containing green tea water extract(GTW), green tea ethanol extract(GTE), potassium sorbate (PS) and sodium benzoate(SB) stored at various pH was evaluated. Tryptic soy broth(TSB) containing 0∼2%(w/v) of green tea extracts and preservatives adjusted to pH 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 was inoculated approximately 105 CFU/ml of pathogenic bacteria and incubated at 35$^{\circ}C$ for 24∼48 hours. Survival of bacteria was determined by viable cell counts of bacterial culture at each pH. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) of green tea extracts and preservatives against pathogenic bacteria were derived from survival curves of each bacteria. Antibacterial activities of green tea extracts increased with increasing pH but those of preservatives decreased with increrasing pH. S. aureus was the most sensitive strain to GTW and GTE but the most resistant to PS and SB. The MICs of green tea extracts to S. aureus were 0.52∼0.98% at pH 5.5∼6.0 and non inhibitory at pH 7.0. S. typhimurium was the most resistant to green tea extracts while the most sensitive to SB. The MICs of green tea extracts to S. typhimurium were 0.46∼1.62% at pH 5.5∼6.0 and 2% of PS was bactericidal at pH 5.5. 1.0∼2.0% of GTE were bactericidal to all strains tested except L. m9oncytogenes at pH 7.0. GTE was most efficient at inactivating pathogenic bacteria, generally followed by GTW, PS and SB.

• 분석과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.435-440
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• 1994

모세관 전기영동 장치를 이용하여 금속 표면 세척제(상품명 BFA와 BCA) 2종에 포함된 음이온 계면활성제에 대한 정성 및 정량분석을 수행하였다. Acetonitrile과 sodium benzoate를 포함하는 pH 10의 완충용액을 이용하여 18kV의 전압하에서 분리한 결과 $10^4$ 이상의 이론단수를 보이는 좋은 electropherogram을 얻을 수 있었다. S/N~3인 농도를 기준으로 검출한계는 ~5ppm이었으며 표준물질을 이용하여 얻은 검정곡선의 경우 농도가 10~100ppm의 범위에서 ~0.99 이상의 상관계수를 갖는 좋은 직선성을 보였으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 분석한 결과 BFA의 경우 음이온 계면활성제의 각 성분은 octanoate, decanoate, dodecanoate, tetradecanoate, hexadecanoate등이었으며 상대비는 각각 1.0 : 1.0 : 6.5 : 2.1 : 0.8이었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1048-1056
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• 2002

생강다대기의 저장중 가스 발생량의 변화를 살펴보면 무처리구는 가스가 급격하게 증가 하였지만 단독처리구와 종합처리구는 가스발생량이 경미하였다. 고액분리의 정도는 xanthan gum을 첨가한 단독처리구와 종합처리구가 고액분리에 대한 안정성을 나타내었으며 ${\Delta}E$값은 종합처리구가 저장 120일이 경과하여도 1.87에서 2.99사이로 저장 초기와 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 가장 안정적이었다. 다대기 제품의 저장중 pH 변화는 종합처리구만이 안정적인 경향을 나타내었고, 모든 처리구들의 총 유기산 함량 변화는 저장기간이 길어질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 이것은 유기산 중 lactic acid의 현저한 증가에 의한 것으로 나타났으며 무처리구와 비교하여 종합처리구는 증가율이 억제되어 저장 60일까지 가장 안정적이었다. 저장기간 동안의 유리 아미노산 함량 변화는 저장기간이 길어질수록 감소하는 경향을 나타내었지만 종합처리구는 일정한 수준을 유지하였고, 처리구별 총 유리당 함량의 감소율은 무처리구 > 종합처리구 > L-cysteine 처리구 > sodium bisulfite 처리구 순으로 증가하였다. 다대기 제품의 저장기간에 따른 관능적 특성으로 색깔, 이취, 전체적인 선호도는 종합처리구가 가장 우수한 제품으로 평가되었고, 저장 중 무처리구와 종합처리구간의 지방산 조성차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 생강 다대기를 $5^{\circ}C$에서 장기 저장하면서 발생하는 갈변, 가스발생, 고액분리 등을 효과적으로 억제하기 위해서는 갈변억제제인 L-cysteine 0.2%, 가스발생억제제인 sodium benzoate 0.1%와 NaCl 2% 그리고 고액분리억제제인 xanthan gum 0.1%를 단독으로 처리하는 것보다 이들 첨가물들을 혼합하여 종합적으로 처리하는 것이 우수한 품질의 생강 다대기를 제조, 유통하는데 필요하였다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 1999

Solid dispersions were prepared to increase the dissolution rate of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) using water-soluble carriers such as povidone, copolyvidone, $2-hydroxypropyl-{\beta}-cyclodextrin (HPCD)$, sodium salicylate or sodium benzoate by solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersions were characterized by infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffractometry, dissolution and permeation studies. DDB tablets (7.5 mg) were prepared by compressing the powder mixtures composed of solid dispersions, lactose, com starch, crospovidone and magnesium stearate using a single-punch press. DDB capsules (7.5 mg) were also prepared by filling the mixtures in empty hard gelatin capsules (size No.1). From the DSC and powder x-ray diffractometric studies, it was found that DDB was amorphous in the HPCD or copolyvidone solid dispersions. Dissolution rates after 10 min of DDB alone and solid dispersions (1 : 10) in sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and copolyvidone were 11.8, 23.5, 22.8 and 82.5%, respectively. Dissolution rates of DDB after 30 min from 1 : 10 and 1 : 20 copolyvidone solid dispersions were 80.5 and 95.0%, respectively. For the DDB tablets prepared using solid dispersions (1 : 20), the initial dissolution rate was dependent on carrier material, and was ranked in order, $Kollidon\;30\;{\ll}$ copolyvidone < HPCD. For the HPCD solid dispersion tablets, dissolution rate reached 97.4% after 15 min, but thereafter slowly decreased to 80.7% after 2 hr due to the precipitation of DDB. However, in the case of copolyvidone solid dispersion tablets, dissolution increased linearly and reached 93.4% after 2 hr. Reducing the volume of test medium from 900 to 300 ml markedly decreased the dissolution rate of the tablets containing 1 : 20 HPCD solid dispersions and 1 : 10 copolyvidone solid dispersion. For 1 : 20 copolyvidone solid dispersion tablets, there was no significant change in dissolution rate up to 1 hr with different volumes of test medium. Preparation of the copolyvidone solid dispersion (1 : 20) in capsules markedly delayed the dissolution (31.2 % after 2hr) due to the limited diffusion within capsules. The permeation rate $(13.4\;g/cm^2\;after\;8\;hr)$ of DDB through rabbit duodenal mucosa from copolyvidone solid dispersion (1 : 10) was markedly enhanced, when compared with drug alone or physical mixtures. From overall findings, DDB formulations containing copolyvidone solid dispersions (1 : 20) could be used to remarkably improve the dissolution rate in dosage form of powders and tablets.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

OTC 결핍증은 요소 회로 대사 질환 중 가장 흔한 질환으로, X연관 유전을 하며, 고암모니아 혈증, 의식저하, 구토, 경련 등을 주증상으로 하여 나타난다. 본 증례에서는 경련 및 의식 저하로 발견된 고암모니아 혈증 및 저칼슘혈증에 대한 치료로 칼슘 보충 및 저단백섭취, sodium benzoate, phenylbutyrate sodium, L-arginine 복용 및 CRRT를 시행하여 증상을 경감시키고, 생화학적 검사 및 Targeted exome sequencing을 통하여 OTC 결핍증을 확진함으로서 신경학적 예후에 대비하도록 하였다. 이로서 현재까지 비교적 양호한 경과를 보이기에 이 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2019

The pitting corrosion and inhibition studies of AZ31B magnesium alloy were investigated in the alkaline solution (pH12) with chloride and inhibitors. The corrosion behavior of passive film with/without Cl^- in the alkaline electrolyte were conducted by polarization curve and immersion tests in the presence of various additives (inhibitors) to clarify the inhibition efficiency of pitting corrosion at higher potential region. Critical concentration of pitting corrosion for Mg alloy was evaluated with 0.005 M NaCl in 0.01 M NaOH on the anodic polarization behavior. Critical pitting of AZ31B Mg alloy in 0.01 M NaOH is a function of chlorides; E_pit = - 1.36 - 0.2 log [Cl^-]. When the Sodium Benzoate (SB) was only used as an inhibitor, a few metastable pits developed on the Mg surface by an immersion test despite no pitting corrosion on the polarization curve meaning that adsorption of SB on the surface is insufficient protection from pitting corrosion in the presence of chloride. The role of SB and Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) inhibitors for the Mg alloy surface in the presence of chloride was suppressed from pitting corrosion to co-adsorb on the Mg alloy surface with strong formation of passive film preventing pitting corrosion.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.203-207
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• 1996

One kind of fungus was isolated and identified from comtaminated red-ginseng in order to give fundermental data for improving hygienic quality of ginseng product. The isolated strain was identified as Aspergillus sp. Hyphae of the strain had septum structrue. The strain showed vesicle and sterigmata structure which were typical characteristics of Aspergillus species. The growth of the strain was slightly inhibited by sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate at a concentration of 0.05%. The strain showed no growth at 4.0% potassium sorbate. The isolated stain Aspergillus sp. showed no significant degradation in the presence of red-ginseng saponins.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1990

In case of the slowly disintegrating tablets such as enzyme preparations, disintegration time (DT) may be the important factor in formulating those preparations. The effects of tablet hardness, lubricants and disintegrants on DT were investigated in this approach. Disintegration time was significantly affected by disintegrants, moderately by lubricants, but not by tablet hardness. The effect was in the order of magnesium stearate >talc, PEG, sodium benzoate in case of lubricants, and of Ac-Di-Sol>LHPC>Primogel >Kollidon in case of disintegrants. Because lubricants and disintegrants influenced the tablet hardness and DT profile showed complicated pattern, it should be remembered that all factors mentioned above should be simultaneously considered in the formulation of enzyme tablets.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.70-76
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• 1976

Pharmacological studies on the water extracts of Sambbcus latipnna var. coreana have confirmed that there are: 1) Remarkable sedative actions in preteated mice with C.N.B (caffeine and sodium benzoate) by the administration of intraperitoneal injection. 2) Antihypertensive actions in rabbits intraperitoneally injected with the extract, and as antihypertensive components, rutin, and crystal A (m.p. $250{\sim}254^{\circ}$, Liberman-Buchard's reaction, positive) were isolated from Sambucus latipinna var. coreana. 3) Marked diuretic actions in mice intramuscular injection with the dose of 600mg/kg.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2000

소르빈산등 14종류의 보존료가 사용된 식품소비량과 식품첨가물의 최대허용량을 이용하여 보존료 섭취에 대한 안전성을 평가하고, 보존료 중 더욱 정밀한 섭취량 조사가 필요한 품목을 선별하였다. 가장 섭취량이 많은 보존료는 안식향산 및 안식향산나트륨으로 총 섭취량은 안식향산으로서 85.65mg이며 1일 섭취허용량에 대한 1일 추정섭취량의 비율은 31%이며 특히 청량음료로부터 안식향산의 섭취량이 가장 많은 것으로 추정되었다. 소르빈산 및 소르빈산칼륨으로 총 추정 섭취량은 76.61mg이며 1일 추정섭취량은 1일 섭취허용량의 5%이다. 나머지 보존료의 1일 추정섭취량은 1일 섭취허용량에 대한 비율이 2%이하로 현재 사용되고있는 보존료의 섭취수준은 안전한 것으로 평가할 수 있었다.