• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.402-413
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• 2016

Marine oil spill accidents are occurring continuously due to the marine transportation of the oil. While building a preventive system for oil spill is uttermost necessary, we also need to have a systematic response system to handle the oil spills that inevitably occur. So far, studies have focused on the environmentally sensitive resources affected by oil spills. However, there is a need to conduct research to evaluate the damage to the socially and economically sensitive resources that make up the life of local residents. This study represents the process of building an analytical framework for the assessment of socioeconomic resources affected by marine oil spills. While it is important to provide a scheme for identification and indexation of socially and economically sensitive resources that is compatible with Korea's situations, using existing data for identifying socio-economically sensitive resources might also be meaningful. However, to allow accurate analysis for better evaluation, we need to select more applicable data among the various indicators. In this research, we have reviewed many existing case studies of sensitive resources, studies of the variables that have been used for indexing sensitive resources, and various factors considered in SIA (Social Impact Assessment). Based on the findings, we classify socio-economically sensitive resources into marine products acquisition, population, land usage, administrative area, and cultural heritage and tourist region.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.275-282
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• 2008

In this study, the soy food intake behaviors including perception and intake frequency of soybean foods by sociodemographic variables were analyzed in housewives. The perception of housewives for soy foods showed that soybean paste, soybean curd, and Dambuk were high in the descending order for nutritional quality and health promotion effect, and soybean paste received the highest score in taste and flavor. Soybean sprouts received the highest evaluation score in the economic aspect. In the aspect of safe food, soybean paste received the highest evaluation score, as mush as a traditional food. The analysis of perception by sociodemographic variables showed that soybean curd, Dambuk, and soybean sprouts had higher perceptions as education level increased, and soy milk had higher perceptions in subjects with younger age and with employment. In the intake frequency, more than 50% of the subjects had soybean curd, soybean sprouts, and soybean paste more than once a week. The analysis for correlation between the intake frequency of soy foods and the degree of perception showed that taste and flavor had high correlation with the intake frequency of soy foods except soybean sprouts. The intake frequency of soybean paste, Dambuk, and soy milk had positive correlations to familiarity and that of soy milk had positive correlations to nutrition and health perception, and those of soybeam paste, soybean sprouts, and soy milk had positive correlations to safe food perception. From the above results, housewives in Korea had very high perceptions to nutritional quality and health promotion effect of soy foods and the degree of perception and accompanied intake frequency had significant differences by age, education level, and economic level among sociodemographic variables.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.160-171
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• 2019

Background: This study purposed to compare the difference on medical utilization and health expenditure of baby boomer generation by depression between gender. Methods: Korea Welfare Panel Survey 2016, provided by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, was used for the analysis. For the research, we used the two-part model, yes or no of use (part 1), and frequency of use (part 2) for medical utilization. The dependent variables are the whether or not to use of hospitalization services, outpatient services, length of stay, outpatient service visits, and health expenditure. And the independent variables are used as the predisposing (education, spouse presence), enabling (insurance type, private insurance, economic activity, income), and need (chronic disease, self-rated health, disability) factors in the Andersen behavior model. Depression was used as intervening variables. Structural equation model and multiple group analysis by gender were used. Results: There were differences in the medical care usage and cost between men and women in baby boomer. For men, mediating effects of depression were present at the hospitalization (yes/no), length of stay, and health expenditure. On the other hand, for women, the mediating effect of depression was found only at the outpatient visits. Specially, depression was working at the medical services by the different way between gender. The size of effect (multiple group analysis) was affected by significant differences between men and women. Conclusion: This study found that the mediating effect of depression is increased medical usage and health expenditure and the effect factors are different by gender. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a medical care policy considering the socio-economic characteristics of baby boomers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.28-40
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• 2019

In order to resolve the imbalances in the supply of living SOCs according to socio-economic status, location, and population groups, the discussions on inclusive city policies are expanding. The purpose of this study is to propose an Index of Park Derivation (IPD) as an alternative indicator for the promotion of an inclusive urban park policy that can be applied in the 7 major metropolitan cities to select a region with a relatively high park needs. The main research results are as follows. First, the concept of an inclusive urban park policy is defined as "a policy to supply to manage high-quality park services with priority given to areas with low socio-economic and environmental status, such as a large amount of elderly, children, low-income families, areas vulnerable to disasters, such as heat and fine dust, and population groups." Second, we developed the index of park derivation (IPD), which is a combination of 17 variables including park service level, demographic characteristics, economic and educational level, health level, and environmental vulnerability. The variables that constitute the index of park deprivation (IPD) can be applied to SOC policies outside the parks, such as sports facilities, daycare centers, kindergartens, and public libraries. Third, applying index of park deprivation (IPD) to 1,148 Eup/Myeon/dong areas of the 7 metropolitan cities resulted in areas with relatively high park service needs. This study implies that the central and the local government suggest an alternative index to promote an inclusive urban park policy based on statistical and geographical information and data that can be easily accessed and utilized.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.214-223
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• 2022

Among migratory insect pests, Mythimna seperata and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis are invasive pests introduced into South Korea through westerlies from southern China. M. seperata and C. medinalis are insect pests that use rice as a host. They injure rice leaves and inhibit rice growth. To understand the distribution of M. seperata and C. medinalis, it is important to understand environmental factors such as temperature and humidity of their habitat. This study predicted current and future habitat suitability models for understanding the distribution of M. seperata and C. medinalis. Occurrence data, SSPs (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) scenario, and RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) were applied to MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy), a machine learning model among SDM (Species Distribution Model). As a result, M. seperata and C. medinalis are aggregated on the west and south coasts where they have a host after migration from China. As a result of MaxEnt analysis, the contribution was high in the order of Land-cover data and DEM (Digital Elevation Model). In bioclimatic variables, BIO_4 (Temperature seasonality) was high in M. seperata and BIO_2 (Mean Diurnal Range) was found in C. medinalis. The habitat suitability model predicted that M. seperata and C. medinalis could inhabit most rice paddies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4019-4027
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze neighborhood environment that have influence on residents' subjective health in Changwon. In the study, neighborhood's socio-economic environment, landuse, bicycle use environment and other personal socio-demographic variables were used as explanatory variables, and a statistical analysis was carried out by applying multi-level analysis. Analysis shows that a high level of business density lowers the residents' health, and a high level of quality of bicycle facilities, safety of bicycle use and accessibility to main facilities have a positive effect on residents' health. Therefore, bicycle-friendly neighborhood will improve the residents' health, quality of bicycle facilities, safety of bicycle use and accessibility to main facilities should be used for planning factors to make a healthy neighborhood.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.377-380
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• 2015

Background: There is strong evidence that delayed diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with poor survival. Our objectives were to determine the frequency of breast cancer patients with delayed presentation, the reasons of delay and its association with different socio-demographic variables in our North Pakistan setting. Materials and Methods: We interviewed 315 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients. Delay was defined as more than 3 months from appearance of symptoms to consultation with a doctor. Questions were asked from each patient which could reflect their understanding about the disease and which could be the likely reasons for their delayed presentation. Results: 39.0 % (n=123) of patients presented late and out of those, 40.7% wasted time using alternative medicines; 25.2 % did not having enough resources; 17.1 % presented late due to painless lump; 10.6% felt shyness and 6.5% presented late due to other reasons. Higher age, negative family history, < 8 school years of education and low to middle socio-economic status were significantly associated with delayed presentation (p< 0.05). Education and socioeconomic status were two independent variables related to the delayed presentation after adjustment for others (OR of 2.26, 2.29 and 95%CI was 1.25-4.10, 1.06-4.94 respectively). Conclusions: Significant numbers of women with breast cancer in North Pakistan experience presentation delay due to their misconceptions about the disease. Coordinated efforts with public health departments are needed to educate the focused groups and removing the barriers identified in the study. Long term impact will be reduced overall burden of the disease in the region.

• 한국노년학
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.127-147
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• 2021

It is critical to secure stable financial resources and efficient financial management for local governments to promote elderly welfare. Using the Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis method, we empirically examined the conditions under which the 17 metropolises and provinces in Korea increase or decrease their budget for elderly welfare. After examining previous studies, socio-economic variables(ratio of elderly people, ratio of elderly welfare recipients), financial variables(financial independence ratio), and political administrative variables (number of regulations on elderly welfare) were included in the analyses to determine the causal conditions of elderly welfare budget per person. Fs/QCA resulted in three combinations of elderly welfare budget per person: first, the combination of low ratio of elderly people, high ratio of elderly welfare recipients, and low number of regulations on elderly welfare; second, the combination of low ratio of elderly welfare recipients, low financial independence ratio, and high number of regulations on elderly welfare; and lastly, the combination of high ratio of elderly people, high ratio of elderly welfare recipients, and low financial independence ratio. Implications for elderly welfare were made considering socio- economic, financial, and political administrative circumstances based on the study results.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.113-128
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• 2022

Water consumption is strongly affected by numerous factors, such as population, climatic, geographic, and socio-economic factors. Therefore, the implementation of a reliable predictive model of water consumption pattern is challenging task. This study investigates the performance of predictive models based on multi-layer perceptron (MLP), multiple linear regression (MLR), and support vector regression (SVR). To understand the significant factors affecting water consumption, the stepwise regression (SW) procedure is used in MLR to obtain suitable variables. Then, this study also implements three predictive models based on these significant variables (e.g., SWMLR, SWMLP, and SWSVR). Annual data of water consumption in Thailand during 2006 - 2015 were compiled and categorized by provinces and distributors. By comparing the predictive performance of models with all variables, the results demonstrate that the MLP models outperformed the MLR and SVR models. As compared to the models with selected variables, the predictive capability of SWMLP was superior to SWMLR and SWSVR. Therefore, the SWMLP still provided satisfactory results with the minimum number of explanatory variables which in turn reduced the computation time and other resources required while performing the predictive task. It can be concluded that the MLP exhibited the best result and can be utilized as a reliable water demand predictive model for both of all variables and selected variables cases. These findings support important implications and serve as a feasible water consumption predictive model and can be used for water resources management to produce sufficient tap water to meet the demand in each province of Thailand.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2002

This study examined different individual and environmental factors that affect children's experience of harassment from their peers. For the individual variables, gender, behavioral problems, and self-esteem were included in the anal)'sis. For the family variables, mother's parenting style and the socio-economic status of parents were examined, and for the school variables, the supervision of the teacher and the attitudes of the classmates toward bullying were used. Two forms of peer harassment, the overt form and the relational form were examined in this study. The sample consisted of 520 fifth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. Several major relationships were found from the analyses. First, the more the children tend to internalize behavioral problems and have lower self-esteem, the more likely they are to get victimized by overt and relational forms of harassment. Boys experience more overt harassment than girls. Second, the more the mother's parenting style is permissive-nonintervening, or rejecting-restricting, and the higher the father's social status is, the more likely the child is subjected to overt and relational forms of harassment. Third, the more the children feel that the teacher is paying attention to bullying, the less the children are subjected to the overt form of peer harassment. Fourth, children's internalizing behavioral problems, mother's permissiveness-nonintervention, children's self-esteem, children's gender, and the supervision of the teacher regarding bullying significantly affected the experience of overt forms of harassment. A twenty two percent variance in the victimization of an overt form was explained by those variables. Children's internalizing behavioral problems, mother's permissiveness-nonintervention, children's self-esteem, and mother's rejection-restriction significantly affected the experience of relational form of peers harassment. Twenty six percent of the variance in the relational form of victimization was explained by those variables.