• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.57
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• pp.91-125
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• 2018

This study aims at attempting to make a new interpretation of Mencius from the point of social welfare. The thoughts of social welfare, found from Mencius, are temporal and humanistic and near to those in nowadays. Social welfare began under the name of philanthropic work, relief work, charitable work or social work from the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century on. Welfare means the whole social activities such as satisfying the fundamental desires of the social members, ensuring the conditions of their lives, and ultimately achieving social integration and stability. It means the conditions of their lives and wellbeing. Wellbeing means the minimal physical desires and psychological stability. The realization of the economic system through concept of steady livelihood and steady mind, tax system and well-field system, proposed by Mencius, can be ensured by the whole social activities such as ensuring the stable lives of the social members, enriching and satisfying their happiness and ultimately achieving social integration and stability. The thoughts of Mencius include people-as-root idea, which regards people as most important and tries to solve the instability and inequality that are the structural vulnerabilities in modern capitalist society. His concept of Way of the king means promoting people's sense of happiness through education of morality, based upon the people-as-root idea and filial and fraternal responsibilities. The main ideas of social welfare include living like a human being, ensuring minimal physical and psychological stabilities through social welfare system and welfare policy, enriching human dignity and freedom and enhancing the quality of lives. The thoughts of Mencius include all the above ideas. In particular, he desired to establish ethically and morally stable society by economically implementing the well-field system in Zhou dynasty, based upon politically benevolent governance of the politicians. That society was the people-as-root society, the realization of which was the ideal society Mencius desired to establish, and the goal of his thoughts on social welfare. This study, among the thoughts of Mencius, investigated his ideas on social welfare and the practical ethics for applying them to real society. In addition, to understand his ideas on social welfare, not only the social and economic backgrounds and conditions but also the political ideas at that time were also investigated. This will provide the opportunity to make more in-depth research of the elements of social welfare intrinsically contained in his thoughts.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.5-28
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• 2008

This study tried to develop an test tool of social workers' ethical sensitivity(SWEST) on base of realization about the importance of ethical sensitivity of social worker who are required more ethicalities than the other professionals. Nevertheless, there has been no tool that can measure ethical sensitivity of social workers in our country up to now. Through analysis of existing ethical sensitivity tests in other professions, a paper and pencil method about unstructured question with cases including ethical issues and structured scoring system was chosen as an appropriate method for the SWEST. This study progressed in order : 1st collecting cases, 2nd composing cases, 3rd consulting cases, 4th pilot study, 5th making scoring standards, 6th determining case examples and scoring standards. With the result, the tool consists of 3 case examples with ethical issues : 1) self-determination and confidentiality, 2) equality and double relationship, 3) informed consent and conflict interest. And ethical sensitivities of social work major students and social workers were measured with the SWEST, to see practical utility of this test. The agreement degrees between two independent raters were above 90%. And respondent's ethical sensitivity displayed the most definite difference according to taking or not taking a course 'Social work values and ethics'. Through these results, it can be drawn that the SWEST is reliable and valid to test relevant differences in Korean social workers' ethical sensitivity. The SWEST is expected to activate studying, educating, and practicing ethics in social work.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.207-225
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• 2004

This study aims to develop an attitude toward work scale on the welfare recipients in Korea. This study has process through literature review and empirical research. As a results, there are 3 factors, 'independent/reliance', 'work as itself', 'hardworking and success' in this scale. And this scale is composed of 11 items with 5 likert scale. The sums of squared loading of this scale is 54.9%, and the internal reliability is ${\alpha}=.79$. The means of attitude toward work on welfare recipients in Korea is 43.9 among the total sum 55. This means the welfare recipients in Korea have highly positive attitude toward work. This study has an implication as a first trial to measure work attitude on welfare recipients in Korea more objective and scientific. But this scale need some follow-up study to improve the validity and elaboration.

• 재활복지
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.197-219
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to examine self-efficacy and work ethic on the moderating effect of retraining program for personal assistants to influence job environments and job satisfaction. The data were obtained from 330 personal assistants working at the Personal Assistance Association of Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling with relative effect analysis. The result of this study showed that self-efficacy and work ethics should have an impact job environments and job environments should have a positive impact job satisfaction. The retraining program for personal assistants showed a moderating effect on the relationship between work ethics and job environments. However, the findings did not support the moderator effect on the retraining program for personal assistants in the relationship between self-efficacy and job environments. Using these findings, social work administration agency, in particular, can be guided in terms of human resource management under social work administration.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.277-306
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop the first social work values scale in Korea. Its development would be expected to increase empirical studies on social work values. Based upon the literature review of social work values, the examination of codes of ethics as well as existing scales, and the comments from professionals in this field, 62 preliminary items were developed. Preliminary items were evaluated with a total of 521 social workers who were working in various fields of social work in Seoul and surrounding areas. A series of exploratory factor analyses were conducted to find out the optimal structure of the scale. After deleting 29 items with low factor loadings or being cross-loaded, the scale is composed of three factors with each factor having 11 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure of the scale obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The first factor was named autonomy, the second factor was named equality, and third factor was named paternalistic intervention. Each component of the social work values scale is found to be reliable and valid.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.295-315
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyse the ethical basis of two influential global citizenship idea - Rawls' liberal approach and cosmopolitan republicanism - as a theory on global justice. In the aspect of deontology, Rawls' view has the limit not to reflect reciprocal obligation and duty on civil right in the era of economic globalization that inequality has been structured. But cosmopolitan republicanism has the basis of deontological justification because advocates the realization of anti-domination principle at global level. In the aspect of utilitarianism, Rawls attempts to justify the logic rejecting redistribution intra nations. But cosmopolitan republicanism has the potential to decrease maleficence at global level and to increase utility level through overcoming the structured sacrifice of the citizens of developing countries.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.365-371
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• 2022

This study explored the influence of servant leadership of directors on role performance of teachers in nursery school with examination of how perceptions of an organizational culture and teaching ethics of teachers intermediate the relationship between servant leadership and role performance of teachers. The data were collected from 501 teachers in nursery school working in Seoul and Gyung-gi-do and data analysis was done through structural equation modeling using AMOS 24.0. The study results show that the servant leadership of directors was positively related to the role performance of teachers, and organizational culture and teaching ethics of teachers were found to mediate the relationship between servant leadership of directors and role performances of teachers. In addition, he servant leadership of directors influenced the role performance of teachers through organizational culture and teaching ethics.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.237-269
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• 2013

The purposes of the study are to describe the feature of the program components, and to identify their changes in the process of designing the social work programs in the community service agencies in Korea. In order to achieve these purposes, the researchers constructed an analytical framework including 24 program components derived from the related literatures. Data was collected by questionnaires answered by the social workers who were in charge of the program development and implementation. Descriptive statistics analysis and factor analysis were applied to exam the features of the program components in 195 social service programs developed by the funds from the Community Chest of Korea and a private funding foundation. As the result of the analysis, the three noticeable features are found; (1) the agencies have very actively involved in the designing work in the process of developing practice guideline, however they have less involved in the designing work in the process of implementing program; (2) program components which are low level in design activities are intervention models, staff education, and practical ethics; (3) 8 categories of components derived from the theoretical perspective are reduced to 6 categories in the process for developing practice guidelines, finally to 4 categories in the process for implementing the programs. The implications of major findings were discussed in academic and practical perspectives in Korea, including future research works in the area.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.57
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• pp.183-215
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• 2017

This study analyzes Korean childcare policy from a caring democracy perspective by using the normative policy analysis method. In the midst of emergent new social risks engendered by low fertility and aging population, feminist scholars proposed a transformative paradigm shift from economic growth to caring oriented development on a macro scale but researches on how this grand principle can be reflected into each policy have hardly been discussed. Thus, this study intends to contribute to such policy-driven discussion by analysing childcare policy on the basis of three normative values of freedom, equality and justice re-interpreted by caring democracy theory. Following are key findings. First, childcare policy does not guarantee public value and social solidarity due to the limitations of free choice from the perspective of freedom. Secondly, gender and class stratification has been worsened in a multiple and more complicated way by adding generational and racial dimensions to the existing gender inequality and vicious circulation of private care is observed from equality perspective. Thirdly, structural inequality aggravated injustice previously accumulated in the past rather than providing flat ground by adjustment.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.37
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• pp.229-262
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• 2021

The debate on the treatment of animals has accelerated as a social issue in the West since the 1970s. In 1975, Peter Singers argued in his book, Animal Liberation, that speciesism should be banned. This led to an explosion in research on animal welfare in the philosophical and social sciences. Following Singer, Tom Regan suggested considering the animal rights as being on the same level as human rights. Their arguments were that animals should be imbued with some intrinsic weight sufficient enough to remind humans of their social responsibility to animals at least to a certain degree. In this regard, social responsibility for animal welfare as well as animal rights has formed an axis that organizes human morality in modern society. Such arguments regarding animal welfare can be perceived as an active and creative effort which accords with the free will of human beings who in Daesoon Thought are understood as facing the era of human nobility. This argumentation also aligns with the doctrine of grievance-resolution for mutual beneficence as a practical creed due to the way in which modern bioethics implies that animal welfare could become a practical communal morality integrated into legal systems prior to adoption as a system of individual morality. From within this context, this study discusses the nature and limits of modern animal welfare and animal rights from the perspective of the grievance-resolution which Kang Jeungsan promised to animals.