• 사회복지연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.175-202
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 국민들의 최저생활보장과 저소득층의 빈곤완화를 주목적으로 설계된 국민기초생활보장제도의 빈곤완화 효과를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해, 국민기초생활보장평가단(NRB) 원자료를 이용해서 한국 공공부조제도의 빈곤완화 효과를 가구수 및 가구유형과 관련해서 분석하고, 이 결과를 비교적인 관점에서 규명하기 위해 영국의 FRS 원자료를 이용해서 분석한 영국 공공부조제도의 빈곤완화 효과와 비교한다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 중위소득의 40퍼센트를 기준으로 빈곤감소 효과를 비교한 결과 한국 공공부조제도의 효과성은 영국보다 현저히 낮게 나타났다. 현행 국민기초생활보장제도의 현금급여기준선의 산정 및 결정방식의 문제점을 그 원인 중 하나로 꼽을 수 있는데, 국민기초생활보장제도의 빈곤완화 효과성을 향상시키기 위해서는 현금급여기준이 국민들의 최저생활을 보장할 수 있도록 개선 보완될 필요가 있다. 또한 주거급여 수준을 향상시키고, 공공부조급여 또는 최저생계비를 지역적 가구 유형별 특성을 반영하도록 개선 할 필요가 있다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.178-209
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• 2001

This paper aims to provide a critical assesment of Conservatives's and new Labour's social assistance reforms in the U.K. and their differential impacts on low income groups. During the period of 18 years in power, the Conservative governments enforced benefit recipients being capable of work to be out of benefits and to get into work. They employed not only 'carrots' to encourage beneficiaries being capable of work to have full-time work, but also 'sticks' to discourage them to depend on benefits. The reforms under the Conservative governments were closer to the workfare model. The new Labour government has continued to emphasize work regarding social security reform. It has raised 'from welfare to work' as the main reform objective. However, it has not necessarily focused on 'carrots and sticks' in order to get beneficiaries into work. Instead, the new Labour government has put its priority regarding social assistance reform on human capital development in order to develop the capability of beneficiaries for work. Britain under the new Labour government seems to be moving from workfare to activation model. These differentials between the Conservative governments and the new Labour government regarding social assistance reforms bring about the different policy outcomes. Under the Conservative government, social assistance programmes were prone to strengthen the state's control over benefit recipients and to increase stigma to them. Punitive, demeaning, stigmatising programmes of work and unending job search activities harm the bases of self-respect. On the contrary, the activation programmes under the new Labour government has contributed positively to both socially significant participation and autonomy of beneficiaries.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제42권
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• pp.107-138
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• 2000

Today, the public assistance program in Korea is provided mainly for the livelihood protection beneficiary in urban area. The fact that the urban community-centered program is also applied to the livelihood protection beneficiary in rural area brings about some problems in fitness and effectiveness of resource distribution. The purpose of my study is to present my opinion that the public assistance program for the rural community should be put in practice after being fully distinguished from the urban program for the effective distribution of limited social welfare resources to insure the minimum standard of living and seek the self-support contribution which is the purpose of the public assistance program. The subject for this study were livelihood protection beneficiaries living in both rural and urban area. And the study was carried out in this parts: first, the way of life in them, second, the contents of 6 main public assistance programs being carried out. Total number of the livelihood protection beneficiaries are 279 case: 143 case from 15 Dong in 5 cities, and 136 case from 15 Myun in 5 counties. And the social worker who are performing the public assistance programare consisted of 50 case: 25 case from 5 Dong in 5 cities, and 25 case from 5 Myun in 5 counties. This research reach the result that the differentiate performance of the public assistance program in rural community would be an effective device for self-support to be freed from the vicious circle of poverty.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-139
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• 1999

While many factors could be mentioned to the rapid development of Israel for the last 50 years, it could not be overemphasized the critical role of large scale influx of Jewish immigrants not only in the process of achieving national independence but to the development of modernization. It is well known that mass influx of people in a relatively short period of time may cause serious social problems in various areas such as housing shortage, increasing crime rate, etc. Nontheless, Israel is avidly recognized as a country that successfully overcome such problems by means of creating systematic social integration systems and practicing various adaptation assistance programs for new immigrants. This study was concerned with such a successful social adaptation-assistance programs of Israel for large scale immigrants those who came from all over the world with different socio-economic background. In order to answer the research questions, following two areas of topics were researcher`s main concern. First, organizational structure and functions of the Ministry of Immigrant Absorption of Israel and Jewish Agency that are primarily responsible for the economic, occupational, social, and cultural integration of immigrants during their first three years (five years for housing-aid) in Israel. Second practical adaptation assistance programs such as direct absorption basket, Ulpan, Aliyah 2000, special projects of Keren Hayesod and two of Aliyah Absorption Centers are examined. And lastly some of implications and suggestions are provided in the conclusion section in relation with social adaptation-assistance and integration of reunified Korea, especially from the point of North Koreans.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.425-431
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to examine the participation rate in food assistance programs and explore the factors that contribute to such participation among the Korean elderly population. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study sample comprised 3,932 respondents aged 65 years or older who were selected from a secondary data set, the fourth Korean Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS). The factors, related to participation in programs were examined based on the predisposing, enabling and need factors of the help-seeking behavior model. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to select the best contributors among the factors related to program participation. RESULTS: The predisposing rate in food assistance programs was 8.5% (7.1% for men and 10.4% for women). When all variables were included in the model, living without spouse, no formal education, low income, having social security benefits and food insecurity in elderly men, and age, low income, having social security benefits and feeling poor in elderly women were significantly related to a higher tendency to program participation. CONCLUSIONS: The predisposing and need factors, such as living without spouse, low education level, food insecurity and feeling poor were important for program participation, as well as enabling factors, such as household income and social security benefits. A comprehensive approach considering these factors to identify the target population for food assistance programs is needed to increase the effectiveness and target population penetration of these programs.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.598-608
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• 2019

본 연구는 사회보장 제도의 일환으로 안심소득제가 수혜자의 경제적 자립과 생활만족에 미치는 영향력을 밝히는데 목적을 갖고 사회보장제도의 수혜를 받고 있는 성인 가구주 650명을 대상으로 안심소득제 관련 측정변수를 적용하여 SPSS 23 통계프로그램을 통해 실증분석 하였다. 그 결과를 보면 다음과 같다. 연구결과 안심소득제 사회보험과 사회부조는 경제적 자립에 유의적인 영향을 미쳐 채택되었으며, 경제적 자립이 생활만족에 미치는 영향력은 기각된 반면, 안심소득제의 사회부조가 생활만족에 미치는 영향력은 채택되어 각 요인에 따른 영향력의 차이를 보였다. 이 같은 결과는 안심소득을 위한 지원으로 사회보험과 사회부조가 경제적 자립에는 긍정적인 도움이 됨을 의미하고 생활만족까지에는 제한을 갖고 사회부조만 채택되어 실업급여, 국민연금, 장기요양 보조금, 건강보험이 실질적인 경제적 자립에 도움이 됨을 시사한 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 따라서 안심소득제의 도입을 통한 수혜자의 경제적 자립을 돕는데 안심소득제가 매우 유용함을 시사하고 이를 통한 생활만족까지 충족하는 데는 다소 거리감이 있음을 나타낸 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.111-136
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• 2007

우리나라 국민기초생활보장제도는 여전히 노동시장참여를 유인할 만한 체계가 불충분하여 취업을 통한 탈빈곤을 꾀하기에는 역부족이라는 문제가 지적되어 왔다. 반면 미국은 1996년 AFDC를 TANF로 대체하고, 근로의무나 수급기간제한 조항 등을 강화함으로써 대상자들의 탈빈곤을 달성할 것이라 인정받고 있다. 미국의 TANF가 우리제도에 대안적일 수 있는지에 대한 상반된 의견이 존재하는 가운데, 본 논문은 TANF가 과연 탈빈곤 효과가 있는지를 하부조항별로 분석하였다. 분석결과 TANF의 근로의무조항은 오히려 소득을 감소시키고 빈곤발생을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 수급기간제한은 이와 반대의 결과가 발견되었으나 아직은 그것의 효과를 확신할 수 없는 단계이다. 이 분석 결과는 TANF도 탈빈곤이라는 목표를 달성하려면 대상자들을 무조건 노동시장으로 내모는 것으로는 불완전하고, 저임금 노동자를 둘러싼 근본 문제를 동시에 해결해야 함을 시사한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.60-88
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• 2001

This paper examined the impacts of the welfare reform program, California Work Pays Demonstration Program(CWPDP), implemented in 1992. CWPDP was designed to move welfare recipients into the labor market by reducing the amount of AFDC grants and one-third earned income disregard. The evaluation of the policy impacts on the welfare recipients was conducted in two areas: employment and earnings. This study used a subset of a database created by the California Department of Social Services, and University of California Data Archive and Technical Assistance. The subset is composed of 3,936 AFDC-FG cases selected in LA County: 1,311 control cases and 2,625 experimental cases. The control group was kept on the AFDC rules as of September 1992, while the experimental group was subject to AFDC rule changes implemented under CWPDP. The analyses of the employment and earnings using the random effects probit model and the random effects regression model, respectively, indicated that CWPDP did not effectively encourage female heads to participate in the labor market. It also revealed that CWPDP did not significantly increase the earnings of female heads. The findings imply that the disincentive structure of the public assistance program is not the main barrier preventing female heads from getting jobs and leaving the welfare rolls. Rather, participation in the labor market and exit from welfare is mainly determined by their own demographic characteristics and the economic cycle. Based on the findings, policy implications are suggested on the National Minimum Protection Program in Korea. Those include a flexible exemption rate for the earned income of beneficiaries, affordable child care services, and guaranteed public jobs.

• 한국인구학
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.91-111
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 사회자본 이론을 적용해서 영유아기 자녀를 양육하는 기혼 여성의 사회자본을 알아보는 것이다. 만 5세 이하의 자녀를 둔 취업 여성 284명, 비취업 여성 287명에게 수집한 자료로 이들의 사회자본 특성과 취업 여부에 따른 차이, 그리고 사회자본에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보았다. 기혼 여성의 사회관계망은 취업 여부에 따라서 서로 다른 특성을 가진 사람들로 구성되어 있었다. 취업 여부에 따라서 이들이 접근할 수 있는 사회자본에는 차이가 없었던 반면, 경제적 지원과 돌봄 지원을 위해서 동원할 수 있는 사회자본은 취업한 여성에게서 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 취업 여부 변수는 돌봄 지원을 위해 동원할 수 있는 사회자본을 유의하게 예측했으며, 사회관계망 관련 변수들의 영향은 기혼 여성이 동원하고자 하는 사회자본의 종류에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 이는 취업과 자녀 양육에 대한 기혼 여성의 선택이 돌봄 지원을 위해 동원할 수 있는 사회자본에 반영됨을 시사한다. 또한 기혼 여성의 친족 관계의 중요성과 사회자본을 형성하기 위한 지원방안이 논의되었다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제3권
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• pp.125-177
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• 1982