• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1193-1194
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• 2015

The volume electrical resistivity of $3.777{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ of dried CSPE for 660~750 days after seawater & freshwater soaking is lower than $4.011{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ of that before seawater soaking. The peak binding energy of oxygen and sulphur of CSPE after seawater & freshwater soaking are shifted above 1.0ev. The grass transition temperature($T_g$) of $-19.76^{\circ}C$ of seawater & freshwater soaked CSPE are lower than $-19.59^{\circ}C$ of that of non-soaked CSPE. The melting temperatures($T_m$) of seawater & freshwater soaked and non-soaked CSPE are $45.58^{\circ}C$ and $45.59^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.752-757
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• 2000

Response surface methodology was used to optimized soaking and roasting conditions and monitor organoleptic properties of roasted Platycodon grandiflorum tea. In soaking and roasting processes based on the central composite design with variations in threonine/sucrose concentration for soaking of Platycodon grandiflorum, roasting temperature and roasting time, coefficients of determination ($R^2$) of the models were above 0.86(p<0.05) in organoleptic properties. The maximum conditions predicted for each corresponding organoleptic properties of roasted Platycodon grandiflorum tea were 1.64% threonine concentration, 137.83$^{\circ}C$ and 27.76 min in aroma, 1.46% threonine concentration, 136.1$0^{\circ}C$ and 25.19 min in taste, and 1.39% threonine concentration, 136.44$^{\circ}C$ and 29.05 min in overall flavour. The optimum condition ranges for organoleptic properties of roasted Platycodon grandiflorum tea were soaking in 1.40~1.64% threonine concentration, and roasting at 136.10~137.9$0^{\circ}C$ for 25.19~29.00 min.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.724-728
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• 1995

건조된 털목이버섯의 일반성분, 무기질, 아미노산함량을 분석하였으며, 또한 건조된 털목이버섯을 수화과정시 복원력, 갈색도 및 침지후 핵산관련물질의 함량 변화 등을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 일반성분조성은 조단백질 12.6%, 조지방 2.1%, 조섬유 6.7%, 그리고 조회분 6.2%였다. 목이버섯의 Ca, K, Mg 함량은 다른 무기물에 비해서 높았으나 Mn, Ni 함량은 매우 적었다. 그리고 아미노산중 aspartic acid, glutamic acid의 함량이 가장 높았다. 수화과정시 침지시간 및 온도의 증가와 함께 가용성물질의 용출율, pH, 갈색도 및 복원력은 증가하였고, 침지후 핵산관련물질의 함량은 감소하였다. $5^{\prime}-GMP$가 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 가장 적은 성분은 $5^{\prime}-CMP$였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.251-255
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• 2019

콩의 수화 공정에서 수화 온도에 따른 수분함량의 변화 및 단백질 용출을 분석하기 위하여 콩의 수화 특성 및 단백질 용출특성을 확인하였다. 수화 온도가 증가함에 따라 콩의 수화 속도는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이러한 수화 특성이 Peleg 모델을 통해 분석되었다($R^2>991$). 초기수분함량으로부터 목표수분함량(130%)까지 수화시키기 위해 25, 35 그리고 $45^{\circ}C$ 수화에서 필요한 수화시간은 각각 12.6, 3.11, 그리고 2.31시간을 나타내어 수화 온도가 증가함에 따라 목표함량에 도달하기 위한 수화시간이 급격히 짧아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 수화공정에 따른 콩의 품질을 분석하기 위해 수화에 따른 단백질 용출량 또한 확인하였으며, 이 또한 Peleg 모델을 이용하여 분석하였다($R^2>0.941$). 단백질 용출 속도는 수화 온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 수화 온도가 증가함에 따라 수화에 필요한 시간도 줄어들지만 그에 따른 단백질 용출량 또한 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 수분함량과 단백질 용출을 분석하기 위해 개발된 두 모델을 이용하여 목표수분함량까지 수화하였을 때의 콩의 단백질 용출량을 분석하였으며, 25, 35 그리고 $45^{\circ}C$에서 각각 35.2, 93.1 그리고 103.0 mg/g을 나타내어, $25^{\circ}C$의 수화온도에서 12.6시간의 수화시간이 콩의 품질을 고려한 최적 수화공정임을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.808-817
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the effects of pre-soaking in salt and sugar solution prior to air drying at $50^{\circ}C$ on the characteristics of dried apples. Pre-soaking solutions included single solutions of salt 2% and sugar 2%; and combined solutions of salt 2%+sugar 2% and salt 2%+sugar 5%, respectively. The effects of pre-soaking condition and drying were evaluated in terms of moisture content (MC), water activity, color, antioxidant activity determined by DPPH radical scavenging activity, shear force, microbial contents, and sensory evaluation of apple slices. The control sample without pre-soaking showed the most rapid drying rate; in addition, the single solutions showed higher MC and water activity after drying time of 120 min, as compared to combined solutions. In all samples, MC and water activity showed high correlation coefficients of 0.91 to 0.97; whereas, shear force was negatively correlated with MC and water activity. The single solution of salt 2% showed decrease in change of color, including L, a, and b values, and the number of aerobic bacteria during drying. In addition, highest antioxidant activity and values of sensory preferences were observed in the dried apple pre-soaked in single solution of salt 2%.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2023

Isoflavones found in soybeans are present as glycosides and aglycones, which differ according to their chemical structure. The absorption rate and bioavailability of aglycones are greater than those of glycosides. It is known that aglycone isoflavones in soybean was converted from glycoside isoflavones by activating of endogenous β-glucosidase under drying (40~60℃) conditions after soaking. In this study, we compared and analyzed the proximate composition and isoflavone contents of soybean powders prepared under dried after soaking were analyzed. In the comparison of the proximate compositions, the moisture contents of white soybean powder dried after soaking (WSPDS) and black soybean powder dried after soaking (BSPDS) were decreased as compared with those of the control white soybean powder (CWSP) and control black soybean powder (CBSP). Whereas the contents of other proximate compositions were increased. The aglycone isoflavone contents were higher in WSPDS than in CWSP. Whereas the aglycone isoflavone contents of BSPDS had a similar content those of CBSP because of the component characteristics of black soybean. In conclusion, we believe that it is appropriate to identify and utilize the component characteristics of soybean varieties in order to induce an increase in the functional component content of soybeans under drying conditions after soaking.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 1995

This study has been carried out for the antimicrobial effects of organic silicon quaternary ammonium salt with which cotton, polyester, and wool were treated respectively, using Esherichia coli and Proteus bulgaris which are experimental bacteria for clothing materials. As a results, the best antimicrobial effects of organic silicon quaternary ammonium salt came out from cotton ; the next form wool ; and lower from polyester. With the changes of the temperature, the antimicrobial effect with soaking time, there was no changes with cotton after 10 minutes passed. It seemed to have reacted entirely in the early stage. The longer the soaking duration was, the higher the effect from polyester was. The effect from wool was increased until 20 minutes, but decreased after 30 minutes. The optimal processing condition of cotton was in the condition of liquor ratio 40:1, concentration 0.5%, soaking time 5 minutes, and temperature 3$0^{\circ}C$ ; wool was 1.5%, 20 minutes, and 6$0^{\circ}C$ ; polyester was 2.0%, 30 minutes, and 3$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. The changes of the effect by washing was as followings : The processing effect on cotton and wool appeared to be everlasting, since they had no changes by washing 10 times ; while, it was remarkablely decreased with polyester by washing only once, and was almost disappeared after washing 10 times, which means that polyester has no durability to washing.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.425-431
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• 2000

Cobalt ferrite thin films on Corming glass substrate were fabricated by a sol-gel method. Cobalt ferrite thin films with the grain size of 20-35 nm and thickness of 50nm were obtained. Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and Annealing processes were adopted for comparison of characteristics of the films. Coercivity values were changed with thermal condition and magnetization values were increased as a function of soaking time. With prolonged soaking time, however, it was decreased because of the diffusion of cations from the glass substrate. The RTA process in preparation of cobalt ferrite thin film was the effective way to prevent and to form a single spinel phase in reduced soaking time. The film heated at 600$^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes by RTA had coercivity of 2,600 Oe, saturation magnetization 460 emu/㎤, and Mr$.$$\delta$ of 1.43 memu/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2018

Photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices based on hybrid metal halide perovskites ($MAPbX_3$; $MA=CH_3NH_3{^+}$, $X=Cl^-$, $Br^-$, or $I^-$) are rapidly improving in power conversion efficiency. Also, during recent years, perovskite single crystals have emerged as promising materials for high-efficiency photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices because of their low defect density. Here we show that the light soaking effect of mixed halide perovskite ($MAPbBr_{3-x}I_x$) single crystals can be explained using photoluminescence, time-resolved photoluminescence, and Raman scattering measurements. Unlike Br-based single crystal, Br/I mixed single crystal show a strong light soaking effect under laser irradiation condition that was related to the existence of multiple phases.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

The injection and spray characteristics of top-feed type injector was investigated under liquid phase injection fueled with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Different pressures and temperatures of fuel injection system were tested to identify the injection characteristics after hot soaking. MIE-scattering technique was used for verification of successful liquid phase injection after hot soaking. In case of bottom-feed type injector, the injection was accomplished at every experimental condition. In case of top-feed type injector, when the pressure of LPG was over 1.2 MPa, the injection was not executed. However, under the pressure were 1.2 MPa, the liquid phase injection after hot soaking was accomplished. The engine with top-feed type fuel injection equipment was restarted successfully after hot soaking.