• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2009

To determine $SO_4^{2-}$ uptake and its assimilation in response to the exogenous $SO_4^{2-}$supply level in forage rape (Brassica napus L.), the concentration of this element in plant tissues and the activity of ATP sulfurylasc and APS reductase was measured after 25 hours of treatment (1.0 mM $SO_4^{2-}$, control; 0.1 mM $SO_4^{2-}$, S deficiency; 0 mM $SO_4^{2-}$, S deprivation). $SO_4^{2-}$ uptake and the concentration in the plant tissues significantly decreased in S-deficient and S-deprived condition, while it maintained at nearly same level in the control. The activity of ATP sulfurylase tended to increase with decreasing the exogenous $SO_4^{2-}$ supply, while that of APS reductase to decrease. A significant change in both enzymes responding to S-deprivation treatment was observed only young and middle leaves. The results indicated that $SO_4^{2-}$ assimilation in young leaf tissues would be much more sensitively responded to S-limited nutrition.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.298-306
• /
• 2022

This study sought to evaluate the mechanism of cellular injury caused by ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄) and the protective effects of Parnassia palustris L. (PP) extract against FeSO₄-induced cytotoxicity of cultured C6 glioma cells. FeSO₄ is known to cause neurotoxicity and induce Parkinson's disease. The antioxidative effects of PP, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like and superoxide anion-radical (SAR)-scavenging activities, as well as effects on cell viability, were studied. FeSO₄ significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and the XTT₅₀ value, the concentration of FeSO₄ which reduced the cell viability by half, was measured at 63.3 μM in these cultures. FeSO₄ was estimated to be highly cytotoxic by the Borenfreund and Puerner toxicity criteria. Quercetin, an antioxidant, significantly improved cell viability, damaged by FeSO₄-induced cytotoxicity. While evaluating the protective effects of the PP extract on FeSO₄-induced cytotoxicity, it was observed that the extract significantly increased cell viability compared to the FeSO₄-treated group. Also, the PP extract showed superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like and superoxide anion radical (SAR)-scavenging activities. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that FeSO₄ induced oxidative stress-related cytotoxicity, and the PP extract effectively protected against this cytotoxicity via its antioxidative effects. In conclusion, natural antioxidant sources such as PP may be agents useful for preventing oxidative stress-related cytotoxicity induced by heavy metal compounds such as the FeSO₄, a known Parkinsonism inducer.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.43 no.11 s.353
• /
• pp.185-191
• /
• 2006

DSRC((Dedicated Short Range Communication) is dedicated short range communication for wireless communications between RSE(Road Side Equipment) and OBE(On-Board Unit) within vehicle moving high speed. In this paper, we implemented 5.8GHz DSRC modem according to Korea TTA(Telecommunication Technology Association) standard and investigated implementation results and design process for SoC(System on a Chip) embedding ARM CPU which control overall signal and process arithmetic work. The SoC is implemented by 0.11um design technology and 480pins EPBGA package. In the implemented SoC ($Jaguar^{TM}$), 5.8GHz DSRC PHY(Physical Layer) modem and MAC are designed and included. For CPU core ARM926EJ-S is embedded, and LCD controller, smart card controller, ethernet MAC, and memory controller are designed as main function.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.278-285
• /
• 2010

The Sulfur-Iodine (SI) thermochemical hydrogen production process of a closed cycle consists of three sections, which are so called the Bunsen reaction section, the $H_2SO_4$ decomposition section and the HI decomposition section. To identify the role of oxygen that can be supplied to the Bunsen reaction section via the $H_2SO_4$ decomposition section, Bunsen reactions with a $SO_2,\;SO_2-O_2$ mixture and $SO_2-N_2$ mixture as feed gases were carried out using a stirred reactor in the presence of $I_2/H_2O$ mixture. As the results, the amounts of $I_2$ unreacted under the feed of mixture gases were higher than those under the feed of $SO_2$ gas only, and the amount of HI produced was relatively decreased. The results of Bunsen reaction using $SO_2-O_2$ mixture were similar to those using $SO_2-N_2$ mixture. It may be concluded that an oxygen in $SO_2-O_2$ mixture has a role as a carrier gas like a nitrogen in $SO_2-N_2$ mixture. The effects of oxygen were decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing oxygen content in $SO_2-O_2$ mixture.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2005

In this study, we have analyzed the removal efficiencies of $SO_2$ and $SO_2/NO$ by the pulsed corona discharge process and investigated the effects of several process variables on those removal efficiencies systematically. The effects of process variables such as applied voltage, pulse frequency, residence time, and initial concentrations of reactants (NO, $SO_2$, $NH_3$, $H_2O$, and $O_2$) on the removal efficiency were analyzed. As the applied voltage, the pulse frequency or the residence time increases or as the $O_2$ or the $H_2O$ or the $NH_3$ concentration in the inlet feed gas stream increases, the $SO_2$ removal efficiencies and the simultaneous removal efficiencies of $SO_2/NO$ also increase. These experimental results can be used as a basis to design the pulsed corona discharge process to remove $NO_x$ and $SO_x$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.497-501
• /
• 2011

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance degrade when sulfur dioxide is present in the fuel hydrogen gas, this is referred as $SO_2$ poisoning. This paper reveals $SO_2$ poisoning on PEMFC cathode part by measuring electrical performance of single cell under 1 ppm and 5 ppm on $SO_2$ gas operating. The security of $SO_2$ poisoning depended on $SO_2$ concentration under the best operating conditions($65^{\circ}C$ of cell temperature and 100% of relative humidity between anode and cathode). $SO_2$ adsorption occured on the surface of catalyst layer on membrane electrode assembly (MEA), In addition, MEA poisoning by $SO_2$ was cumulative but reversible. After poisoning within 5 ppm $SO_2$ for 1hr, the electrical performance of PEMFC was found to recover up to about 93% by cyclic voltametry scan.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine whether Vermi Cast could be used effectively to remove $SO_2$ from flue gas, and then to investigate optimum adsorption conditions. The Vermi Cast used as adsorbent was mechanically screened with 8~20 mesh sieve. The adsorption data for $SO_2$ were regressed using the Freundlich isotherm. The fit was generally satisfactory ($R^2$=0.945~0.982). With the temperature changes from 2$0^{\circ}C$ to 4$0^{\circ}C$, the constant k in Freundlich isotherm qe= $kCe^{1/n}$, decreased from 1.409 at 2$0^{\circ}C$to 0.297 at 4$0^{\circ}C$, and the exponent 1/n were decreased from 0.343 to 0.134. With the bed depth changes from 10cm to 30cm, the adsorption capacity expressed as mmol of $SO_2$ adsorbed per g of Vermi Cast increased from 0.247 to 0.381. Moisture content is an important parameter in the $SO_2$ adsorbed were observed over 0.3mmol $SO_2$ /g Vermi Cast. The best adsorption capacity was 0.487mmol $SO_2$ /g Vermi Cast, and it was obtained with moisture content 37%, temperature 2$0^{\circ}C$. From the above results, ti might be concluded that Vermi Cast is effectively as a good adsorbent to remove $SO_2$ from flue gas.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.229-244
• /
• 2005

In order to find out how SoGal was perceived in the Korean medical history and under what logic it was treated, the SoGal section of UiBangYuChi and DongUiBoGam were compared and examined. Through this process, the following could concluded. First of all, in UiBangYuChi's SoGal Section, mainly the fire/heat theory was adopted. In DongUiBoGam's SoGal Section, the lack of Bodily Liquids and Blood theory was selected. Secondly, in DongUiBoGam's SoGal Section, it went beyond UiBangYuChi's perspective of viewing all thirst caused by fire/heat as SoGal, and perceived SoGal as a state of thirst reached for the lack of Bodily Liquids and Blood. Lastly, UiBangYuChi's SoGal Section accepts the fire/heat theory, and heavily restricts the use of BuJa in PalMi, while DongUiBoGam's SoGal Section elucidates the use of BuJa when needed.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.229-241
• /
• 2005

Objective : This study was designed to investigate causes, symptoms and treatments for the diabetes insipidus with oriental medical literatures. Methods : We surveyed the oriental and western medical books from to recent published bocks that have articles on diabetes insipidus Results and Conclusions : The symptoms of diabetes insipidus are polyuria and polydipsia, these are similar symptoms of Pae-so(肺消), Gouk-so, So-gal(消渴), Sang-so(上消), Sin-so(腎消), So-sin(消腎), Ha-so(下消) and Sin-jung(腎中) of kinds of So-gal(消渴) in the oriental medicine. The major causes of diabetes insipidus are the deficiency of the yin of the kidney, the heat of the heart and the dryness of the pulmonary. The methods of treatment are tonifying the yin of the kidney(滋補腎陰), tonifying qi and arrest discharges(益氣固澁), removing heat to moisten dryness (淸熱潤燥) and promoting fluid production to quench thirst(生津止葛). The herbal-medications for treatment are So-galbang and Yidongtang(消渴方合二冬湯), Ryoumijihawangtang gamibang(六味地黃湯加味方).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.221-226
• /
• 2016

The animal welfare issues in cattle breeding include breeding environment, elimination, and castration. Among these, castration is unavoidable because it decreases cattle aggressiveness, improves meat quality, and enhances feed efficiency. In this study, the degree of stress associated with various methods of castration treatment was investigated for animal welfare in Hanwoo breeding. Cortisol levels dramatically increased right after castration in both the SoF and SoV groups. However, the increase in the SoF group was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the SoV group, and the range of decrease was also smaller. Among the behavioral characteristics, standing was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the SoV ($374.93{\pm}21.51$) and SoF ($379.93{\pm}21.30$) groups based on the behavioral time (min/12 hours) compared to that in the NC group ($359.37{\pm}19.69$). The SoF and SoV groups did not show any significant (P<0.05) difference. In terms of behavioral frequency, the NC group demonstrated a significantly (P<0.05) high frequency of drinking, self-grooming, scratching, and rubbing, and a significantly (P<0.05) less frequency of fighting behavior. The feeding time significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the SoV and SoF groups, and their frequencies of pairwise grooming were significantly (P<0.05) less. Based on the results, the cattle experienced less stress during castration by a veterinarian than during treatment using a move-stop.