• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2008

New type of the sewer drainage has been developed to overcome present sewer drainage's shortcoming. This system has the function of drainage, sewerage, reverse flow prevention, and harmful insect and smell prevention. Numerical simulation has been carried out in order to minimize the troubles that can be happened in the process of manufacture and installation process. This sewer drainage system for harmful insect and smell prevention intercepts pollution source, and then it prohibit second pollution. Harmful insect cannot go in and out in this system. Also, this system can reduce the damage of flooded districts due to heavy rain because it is impossible to flow backward from sewer drainage.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.843-852
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• 2011

Objectives : The aims of the study were to examine perceived oral malodor and self-reported need for oral and dental care among patients receiving oral prophylaxis services and provide guidelines for developing educational programs(toothbrushing method and tongue cleaning) for oral hygiene and oral malodor prevention. Methods : The survey was administered to a sample of 462 receiving voluntary oral prophylaxis service in a dental laboratory at the J School of Public Health in Korea. The subjects were asked a range of questions related to the degrees of perceived oral malodor and concern for oral health status, as well as their demographic information and need for oral and dental treatment. Univariate analyses using Chi-square and T-test with a P-value of .05 were performed using SPSS Version 12.0 for Windows. Results : 1. Male participants reported "moderately concerned for bad breath and smell" and "I don't care bad breath and smell" 39.1% and 26.2% respectively, while more female participants were concerned for oral malodor. "moderately concerned for malodor" and" highly concerned for malodor" 41.1% and 28.5%(p<.05). a significant difference among age groups was found. 19% of young adults (less than or equal to 29 years of age) reported "highly concerned for bad breath and smell" while 36.4% of older adults (greater than or equal to 50 years of age) reported "highly concerned for bad breath and smell"(p<.05). 2. 12 non-smoking participants (3.7%) and 15 smoking participants (10.8%) reported that they have perceived bad breadth and smell (p<.05). 3. Smoking participants reported a higher degree of need for oral malodor treatment than that of non-smoking participants 88.5% and 82% respectively(p<.05). 4. The participants who did regular toothbrushing more than 3 times a day reported "no malodor", 77 % as compared to 66.7% of the participants who did regular toothbrushing 2 times a day. Toothbrushing 2 times a day reported either "moderate malodor" or "sever malodor"(p<.01). Participants with more frequent toothbrushing reported less oral and breath odor as compared participants with less frequent toothbrushing. Conclusions : The study suggested that there is a need to oral prophylaxis for prevention and toothbrushing and tongue cleaning method oral malodor care and oral health status.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.905-910
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• 2014

본 논문에서 연구한 스틸그레이팅이란 배수로 덮개로 오수 또는 우수의 경사진 유입로를 형성하여 견고성을 증가시키고, 배수를 원활히 하며, 배수관로 내부의 악취 확산을 방지할 수 있는 배수로 덮개를 말한다. 근래에 생활수준 향상 등으로 인해 도시의 악취 문제가 대두되고 있다. 하지만 기존 제품들은 잦은 고장 등으로 인해 악취 저감 기능을 상실하고 이로 인한 행정력과 예산 낭비를 초래하고 있다. 또한 악취 저감 스틸그레이팅 수요 증가에 따라 예산 절감의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다구찌 기법과 솔리드웍스를 이용하여 강성적 측면과 배수 성능적 측면에서 스틸그레이팅의 설계 파라미터를 동시적으로 최적화시키고자 하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 1993

We have examined the utility of alkaline ionic water for processing water In order to compare with piped tap water in cooking rice, making kimchi, making bean curd, raising bean sprouts and parboiling spinach. And we have estimated the quality of them. The result of the examination was as follow. A rice cooked with alkaline ionic water had pale yellow color, and had good quality in polish, viscocity, taste, odour and retrogradation as compared with a rice cooked of piped tap water. In the case of a water kimchi, refreshing taste and other kinds of taste were good. Unpleasant taste and smell have decreased. Fresh colour of a Chinese cabbage were maintained long because of the prevention of destruction of chlorophyll. In the case of bean sprouts, sprouting rate was promoted up to 2∼3% during the period of 2∼3 days as compared with that treated with piped tap water And the growth state was good and the contents of vitamin C were high as compared with those with piped tap water. In the case of parboiling of green spinach, the alkaline ionic water helped keeping the chlorophyll of spinach. In the case of bean curd, soft taste, polish, smell and total taste were good. The Utility value of alkaline ionic water for the processing of soft bean curd was recognized by making it soften.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.431-439
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• 2023

Objectives: Numerous studies have explored the causes and spread of outbreaks, yet there is a lack of research on post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition (PCC) in Korea. The goal of this study was to identify the various types of PCC and associated factors in discharged patients and to provide directions for the ongoing health management of confirmed patients. Methods: A telephone survey was conducted among 680 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients diagnosed between July 7, 2021 and August 26, 2021, in Dangjin, Chungnam, Korea. A descriptive analysis of characteristics, univariate analysis, and regression were performed using data from basic epidemiological surveys conducted at the time of diagnosis and post-discharge questionnaires. Results: Of the 585 patients who responded, 159 (27.2%) developed PCC. Of the 211 patients with no initial symptoms, 27 (12.8%) developed PCC, versus 132 (35.3%) of the 374 patients with initial symptoms. Among the initial symptoms, fever or chills, cough or sputum, loss of smell, and sore throat were associated with PCC. Compared to patients with less than 10 days of hospitalization, those with a hospitalization period of 21 days to 30 days (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0 to 5.2) and 31 days or more (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.9 to 18.1) had a higher risk of PCC. Conclusions: More than a quarter of COVID-19 patients, including those who had no initial symptoms, experienced PCC in Korea. People with the initial symptoms of fever, chills, and respiratory symptoms and those who had prolonged hospital stays had a high risk of PCC.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.591-596
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• 2022

WHO에서 다양한 코로나19 방역지침과 국가별로 조치가 취해지고 있지만, 확진 자는 크게 감소되지 않고 있다. 개인의 비말을 통해 코로나가 유입 및 유출되는 것을 방지하기 위해 언제 어디서나 마스크착용을 의무화하고 있다. 그렇지만 마스크에 들어온 바이러스세균들이 증폭되면서 마스크를 오염시키고, 역겨운 냄새를 유발한다. 본 논문에서는 장시간 사용한 마스크에 유입된 코로나세균을 치과용 가걸 수의 스프레이로 마스크를 살균하는 방법으로 코로나전파를 예방하는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 치과용 가걸 수는 보통 수돗물의 전기 분해로 생성되는데, 물에 녹아있는 불안정 상태의 이온 수(HOCl)가 각종바이러스의 세포장벽에 침투하여 그 핵의 작용을 무산시켜 물의 자정작용을 일으킨다. 실험결과 장시간 사용한 마스크를 가걸 수의 스프레이로 세척하였을 때, 세척된 마스크는 10분 후에 건조되었고, 바이러스 비말이나 침 냄새가 거의 사라졌다. 특히 마스크세정에 참여한 피험자들에게 그 착용감을 MOS테스트한 결과 평균 4.4로 우수하게 얻어졌다. 따라서 마스크가 1회 용이었지만, 하루에 2회 이상 제안한 방법으로 스프레이 세척하게 되면, 그 마스크를 1주일 이상 쾌적한 상태로 사용할 수 있게 되었다.

• 도시과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2021

The number of old buildings older than 30 years in Korea continues to increase from 29.9% in 2005 to 38.8% in 2020. Considering the growing urban regeneration projects, urban maintenance projects, the suppression of urban expansion, and the lack of idle land in the city, the dismantling of old buildings is expected to increase further in the future. As major accidents at building dismantling sites continue to occur, related agencies are also strengthening safety management of building dismantling works. While physical safety management such as collapse and fall is strengthened, there is a relative lack of interest in the health of workers at dismantling sites due to environmental hazards. Since relevant laws stipulate that construction waste should be separated and discharged, old buildings need to be considered for environmental hazards such as fine dust, floating bacteria, and floating molds when dismantling. In this study, we intend to find important safety management elements in the management of building dismantling sites, measure environmental factors harmful to dismantling workers, and present basic data for the management of dismantling sites in the future. "Safety management" was the highest priority, followed by "dust," "vibration," "noise," "bacteria," and "smell." The perception of the importance of "physical damage prevention" with workers working on dismantling and managers managing the site came out similar, but the perception of "work efficiency" and "health disorder prevention" through environmental hazard management showed different priorities. In the process of dismantling, floating bacteria and floating mold were collected, cultured, and measured the concentration in the indoor air. The measurement was measured by dividing it into pre-dismantling and during dismantling.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate safety and dangerous awareness of environment on walking trails. For this purpose, questionnaire survey are carried out by people who had experience using walking trails during 2016. It is evaluated that environments of walking trails located inside big cities are inferior than ones located in small and medium-sized cities and countryside in air pollution, bed smell, water pollution, noise, and waste. Needs about management and number installed public restroom are high for hygienic environment of walking trails. With waste treatment, users of 2.4 percentage are showed improper behavior that they left their rubbish at the place out of view but others bring their trash. Accident likelihood is highly appreciated and possibility of physical accident like slipping is showed at the highest. The reasons of accident on walking trails are responded with carelessness of walkers and improper of installation or management of safety facility at the most. For safety environment of walking trails, needs of installation of safety fences and notices of dangerous area are requested. In order to separate prevention from paths of walking trails, signposts are needed at visual clearness, maintenance, installation with proper interval and location, and correct contents. Respondents of 2.4 percentage have experiences of accident on walking trails and physical accident like slipping is occurred at the most.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2004

The drying speed of gravure ink are very fast because of evaporation drying type. The gravure ink are fitly selected variety resin and solvent for a wide range printing are adopted. Moreover, after-manufacture handling is necessary to various purposes. Though composition of gravure ink are same those of another printing ink, the viscosity of it are vary low compare with another printing inks. As property of variety printed matters, improvement of performance of printing layer and suitable after-manufacture handling, the more research of gravure ink are to be continue for development of printing technology. Generally, the gravure ink are made up resin, pigment, solvent and additive. Especially solvent are fitly selected for solution of resin, viscosity, and drying speed. Furthermore, it tis care of bad smell of remaining resin, poison and danger of fire of it. Because of the prevention of air pollution as restriction deflation of solvent, custody of dangerous object and improvement of work environment as labor safety hygiene and fire-low, the environment restriction of printing business become strict. This study has purpose of development of gravure ink of involved 30% below of alcohol is used for PVC film printing.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2006

그레이팅은 아스팔트 도로에 설치하여 배수를 할 수 있는 구조물이다. 본 논문에서는 그레이팅의 구조를 개선하여 토사의 쌓임을 방지 할 수 있는 신제품을 제안한다. 기존 제품은 프레임에 오물이 쌓여 있어 평상시 해충이나 악취가 발생하며 우천 시 배수가 원활하지 못해 물이 고이는 현상도 빈번할 뿐 아니라 역류하는 현상이 발생한다. 또한 기존 그레이팅이 프레임과 본체를 일체형으로 설치하여 파손 시 전체를 교체하여야 하는 단점이 있다. 본 연구는 그레이팅 본체와 프레임을 분리시킨 구조로 프레임을 멘 홀에 시멘트와 함께 기초공사 하여 고정한 후 그레이팅 본체는 장착탈이 가능한 구조로 개발하였다. 또한 분실 방지용 지그도 설치하여 이를 개선하였다.