• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2023

Taking a subway shield tunnel in a certain section of Zhengzhou Metro Line 5 as an example, the field tests of shield cutting cement-soil monopile composite foundation were carried out. The load and internal force of the tunnel lining under the action of composite foundation were tested on-site and the distribution characteristics and variation laws of earth pressure around the tunnel under the load holding state of the composite foundation were analyzed. Five different load combinations (i.e., overburden load theory + q₀, Terzaghi's theory + q₀, Bierbaumer's theory + q₀, Xie's theory + q₀, and the proposed method (the combination of compound weight method and Terzaghi's theory) + q₀) were used to calculate the internal force of the tunnel structure and the obtained results were compared with the measured internal force results. The action mode of earth pressure on the tunnel lining structure was evaluated. Research results show that the earth pressure obtained by the calculation method proposed in this paper was more consistent with the measured value and the deviation between the two was within 5%. The distribution of the calculated internal force of the tunnel structure was more in line with the distribution law of field test data and the deviation between the calculated and measured values was small. This effectively verified the rationality and applicability of the proposed calculation method. Research results provided references for the design and evaluation of shield tunnels under the action of composite foundations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.964-973
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the major factors affecting performance in health promoting behaviors in women workers at small-scale industries. Method: This study was based on the Pender's Health Promotion Model. The subjects for this study were 251 women workers at 23 small-scale industries in Busan city. The data for this study was collected from July 15th to August 15th 2003 by structured questionaries, and were analyzed with ANOVA, t-test, Pearson' correlation coefficient, and multiple Regression in the SPSS/WIN 10.0. Result: The mean performance of the health promoting behavior was 2.56. The factors related to the performance of the health promoting behaviors were social support, marital status, status of owning a house, perceived barriers to action, working time, and self-efficacy, and they explained 58.4% of the variance of the health promoting behaviors. Conclusion: The mean performance of the health promoting behavior seemed to be low, and the most important variable related to health promoting behaviorsof women working at a small-scale industry was social support. Therefore, intervention programs to increase the social support for women worker need to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.322-332
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine effects of a small group-based cardiocerebrovascular disease (CVD) prevention education program on knowledge, stage of change and health behavior among male bus drivers with CVD risk factors. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were 68 male bus drivers recruited from two urban bus companies. Participants from the two groups were selected by matching age, education and risk factors. Experimental group (n=34) received a small group-based CVD prevention education program 8 times over 6 weeks and 3 times through telephone interviews at 2-week intervals. Data were collected between December, 2010 and March, 2011, and were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measure analysis of variance with SPSS/Win18.0. Results: Experimental group showed significantly higher scores in CVD prevention knowledge (p<.001) and health behavior (p<.001) at 6 and 12 weeks after intervention. Participants in pre-contemplation and contemplation stages made progress to contemplation and action. This was significantly better at 6 and 12 weeks after intervention (p<.001). Conclusion: Results suggest that small group-based education programs for CVD prevention are effective in increasing knowledge, stage of change, and health behavior to prevent CVD among male bus drivers with CVD risk.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.192-201
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• 2001

Today, the availabity of usable pieces of land in urbanized areas is very limited. Specifically, it is very difficult to secure a piece of land to be used as a park for the public, mainly due to the high price of land in cities. However, the City of Seoul has carried out three action plans to secure land deemed for insufficient parks and to vitalize these small piece of land in downtown areas such as following: 1. Ssamzie-park(Korean version of a 'vest pocket park') Development Plan in 1990 through 1991. 2. Modernization Plan for Children's Parks since 1994. 3. Maeul-madang (Korean version of 'community garden')Development Plan since 1996. The purpose of this study was to present some design approaches for practical use of small urban spaces by articulating the concepts of Modernization Plan for Children's Park and Maeul-madang Development Plan of the winning entries and by describing how the concepts were actualized in reality.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.273-286
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate the most common characteristics of the small and medium system integration companies in performing IT projects. In this study, 388 auditing reports on the 194 IT projects which were carried out by the small and medium size manufacturers from 2006 to 2009 were employed and surveyed. This survey revealed that the schedule management was the most neglected item in the project management area, the test planning and action was the most neglected item in the development and coding area, and the manual preparation for users and operators was the most neglected item in the operation and maintenance area. Consequently these three most neglected items were considered as the most common characteristics of the small and medium system integration companies in performing IT projects.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.183-195
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• 2016

Although we have faced substantial public interests on the issues of small-business, the lack of effective solutions corresponding to them should be worried. This paper introduces findings from the application of Triple Helix to counseling activities for small-business stores with diagnosing problems and suggesting alternatives. The findings of this paper are based on counseling projects conducted by Gyunggi Small-medium Business Corporation, universities in the region, and multiple small-business stores together from June to November in 2015. The application of Triple Helix was positive for increasing the effectiveness of counseling, and this key finding was obtained from action research cycles. It was also confirmed that cooperation from three different entities including company, university and government institute was beneficial in increasing problem identification capabilities by students and providing opportunities for testing knowledge and skills, which means Triple Helix application to small-business helps management education to be more practical. Contributions of this study supplies substantial insights to academic audience, and practitioners can learn positive effects of Triple Helix and potential issues for implementation in the context of small-business counseling.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06d
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• pp.226-229
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• 2000

A 2D comic model, a comic-style line drawing model having only eyebrows, eyes, nose and mouth, is much easier to generate facial expressions with small number of points than that of 3D model. In this paper we propose a 3D emotional editor using a 2D comic model, where emotional expressions are represented by using action units(AU) of FACS. Experiments show a possibility that the proposed method could be used efficiently for intelligent sign-language communications between avatars of different languages in the Internet cyberspace.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-78
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• 2004

This paper is devoted to illustrate some numerical procedures to solve the boundary equilibrium problems of three-dimensional solids that are subjected to thermal strains. The constitutive equations take into account the bounded tensile strength of the material and they are presented in the framework of non-linear elasticity and small strains. The associated equilibrium problem is solved numerically by means of the finite element method and the numerical techniques, i.e. the Newton-Raphson method and the secant method, are revised in order to assure the solution convergence of the discretized problem. Some numerical examples are illustrated.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.91-93
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• 2000

Insects have many excellent features and functions in their small bodies, such as hexapod walking, flapping flight, vision systems, sensory hairs, etc, and those characteristics can be thought as good models for many types of robots. Insects also will be good models far micro-machines because of its size. Insect behavior consists of simple reflex acts and programmed behavior, Some robots were made in order to clarify the emergent mechanism of insect behavior, Through some experiments it would be found that even if insect behavior consists of some simple action patterns, it looks intelligent through interactions its sensors and actuators with its complex environment. In the near futures small robots inspired by insects will be used in many fields of our life. I hope that insect-model based robots will play an active part in many fields and that they will make us happy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.82-87
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• 1994

Signal transduction through G protein-coupled receptors comprises three functional components, a receptor, a G protcin and a effector protein. Work over the last sevcral ycars has led to the characterization or virtually all of the components or these systems. what has come out or those studies is that these mechanisms of signal transduction are pervasive in nature being found in mammalian and avian species, as well as lower organisms such as yeast and slime mold. It is known that G protein-coupled receptors mediate the action of such diverse molecules such as small hormones and neurotransmitters, small peptide molecules as well as glycoprotein hormones and various sensory perceptions such as light, olfaction and most likely taste.