• Computers and Concrete
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

Establishment of test methods to assess the fresh properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) are required to ensure the homogeneity in fresh and hardened states. This paper discusses the suitability of a simple test method for assessing the slump flow and stability of SCC by testing on self-compacting mortar (SCM) fraction. The proposed test method aims at investigating slump flow diameter test and sieve stability test of SCC by testing SCM fraction with a plunger penetration apparatus. A central composite modeling design was performed to evaluate the effects of water/cement ratio (W/C), superplasticizer dosage (SP) and powder marble content (MP) on slump flow diameter, stability and plunger penetration test of fresh SCC. The responses of the derived statistical models are slump flow (Sf), sieve stability (S) and plunger penetration (P). Relationships obtained in this study show acceptable correlations between plunger penetration test value and slump flow diameter test results and stability. It should note that the developed relationships are very useful to predict slump flow diameter and stability of studied SCC mixtures by carrying out a simple plunger penetration test on its mortar, which can save labour and time in laboratory experiments.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2013

PURPOSES: Simulation of aggregate slump test using equivalent sphere particle in DEM and its validity evaluation against lab aggregate slump test METHODS : In this research, aggregate slump tests are performed and compared with DEM simulation. To utilize spheric particles in YADE, equivalent sphere diameter concept is applied. As verification measures, the volume in slump cone filled with aggregate is used and it is compared with volume in slump cone filled with equivalent sphere particle. Slump height and diameter are also used to evaluate the suggested numerical method with equivalent concept RESULTS : Simulation test results show good agrement with lab test results in terms of loose packing volume, height and diameter of slumped particle clump. CONCLUSIONS : It is concluded that numerical simulation using DEM is applicable to evaluate the effect of aggregate morphological property in loose packing and optimum gradation determination based on the aggregate slump test simulation result.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2019

In this paper, the workability and static stability were evaluated using a proposed test method. Workability and static stability represent a key property of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in fresh state. A number of standardized test methods were developed to assess these properties. However, no accelerated test method reliably predicts both workability and static stability of SCC. In the present work, a modified K-slump test method was developed to evaluate workability and static stability of SCC. In order to take implicit mixture variations of SCC constituents that can affect fresh SCC properties, a central composite design was adopted to highlight the effect of gravel to sand ratio (G/S), gravel 3/8 to gravel 8/15 ratio (G1/G2), water to cement ratio (W/C), marble powder to cement ratio (MP/C) and superplasticizer content (SP) on workability measured with slump and flow time (T50) tests and static stability measured with sieve stability test (Pi), segregation test index (SSI), Penetration test (Pd) and the proposed K-slump test (Km). The obtained results show that G/S ratio close to 1 and G1/G2 ratio close to 60% can be considered as optimal values to achieve a good workability while ensuring a sufficient static stability of SCC. Acceptable relationships were obtained between Slump flow, Pi, Pd and Km. Results show that the proposed K-slump test allow to assess both workability and static stability of fresh SCC mixtures.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2005

Rheological behaviour of fresh concrete is an important factor in controlling concrete quality. It is recognized that the measurement of the slump is not a sufficient test method to adequately characterize the rheology of fresh concrete. To further understand the slump measurement and its relationship to the rheological properties, an elasto-viscoplastic, 2-D axisymmetric finite element (FE) model is developed. The FE model employs the Bingham material model to simulate the flow of a slump test. An experimental program is carried out using the Slump Rate Machine (SLRM_II) to evaluate the finite element simulation results. The simulated slump-versus-time curves are found to be in good agreement with the measured data. A sensitivity study is performed to evaluate the effects of yield stress, plastic viscosity and cone withdrawal rate on the measured flow curve using the FE model. The results demonstrate that the computed yield stress compares well with reported experimental data. The flow behaviour is shown to be influenced by the yield stress, plastic viscosity and the cone withdrawal rate. Further, it is found that the value of the apparent plastic viscosity is different from the true viscosity, with the difference depending on the cone withdrawal rate. It is also confirmed that the value of the final slump is most influenced by the yield stress.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2004

Generally, the properties of aggregate greatly affect the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates, for some construction uses, may interfere with consolidation and be difficult to place. In this study, an experiment to evaluate properties of flat and elongated particles as coarse aggregate in concrete was conducted. The experiments include slump test, air content test and compressive strength test. The test result of slump and change of slump was rapidly decreased by percentage of flat and elongated particles. But it had not a trend by increasing percentage of flat and elongated particles. Compressive strength of hardened concrete does not make any differences in comparison.

• 한국유변학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유변학회 2001년도 Australian-Korean Rheology Conference 2001
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• pp.159.2-159
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• 2001

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2009

일반적으로 점토의 비 배수전단강도 산정은 실내실험을 통해 구하지만 초연약점토의 경우 재료의 특성 상 실내실험이 어렵고, 현장실험 또한 여러 제약조건들을 감수해야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실내에서 수행한 물성실험 및 슬럼프실험과 실내 베인 전단실험의 결과를 회귀분석을 통해 슬럼프 값과 비 배수전단강도 사이의 상관 관계식을 도출하였다. 도출된 상관 관계식의 신뢰성 확보를 위하여 t-분포를 이용한 통계분석을 실시하였고 현장의 데이터와 비교 분석하여 관계식의 적용성 및 신뢰성을 확보하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2016

PURPOSES : In this paper, the analytical solutions suggested to simulate the behavior of rheological fluids were rigorously re-derived and investigated for fixed conditions to evaluate the applicability for the solutions on a mini-cone slump test of cement paste. The selected solutions with proper boundary conditions can be used as reference solutions to evaluate the performance of numerical simulation approaches, such as the discrete element method. METHODS : The slump, height, and spread radius for the given boundary and yield stress conditions that are determined by five different analytical solutions are compared. RESULTS : The analytical solution based on fluid mechanics for pure shear flow shows similar results to that for intermediate flow at low yield stresses. The fluid mechanics-based analytical solution resulted in a very similar trend to the geometry-based analytical solution. However, it showed a higher slump at high yield stress and lower slump at low yield stress ranges than the geometry-based analytical model. The analytical solution based on the mini-cone geometry was not significantly affected by the yield criteria, such as von Mises and Tresca. CONCLUSIONS : Even though differences among the analytical solutions in terms of slump and spread radius existed, the difference can be considered insignificant when the solutions were used as reference to evaluate the appropriateness of numerical approaches, such as the discrete element method.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2004

Properties of concrete using low heat portland cement is different from using ordinary portland cement and temperature of aggregate can be expected to have an important influence on its properties. In this study, experiment by setting up 5 levels (40, 30, 20, 4, $-2^{\circ}C$) by temperature of aggregate for evaluation properties of concrete using low heat portland cement was conducted. The experiments include slump test, air content test, change of slump, change of air content and compressive strength of concrete test. As the result of experiments, slump and air content was decreased by increasing temperature of aggregate. But it was not exceeding it's limit. Change of slump and air content was rapidly decrease by decreasing temperature of aggregate. At early age, compressive strength was influenced by the temperature of aggregate.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1049-1060
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• 2018

토압식(Earth Pressure Balanced, EPB) 쉴드 TBM 굴착에서 첨가제 사용을 통해 막장 안정과 배토효율을 증대시키며, 토사지반에의 적용범위를 확대시킬 수 있다. 첨가제로 배합된 굴착토사는 배합 전과 그 거동을 달리하는데, 일반적으로 워커빌리티를 평가하여 비교할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 화강풍화토와 첨가제를 배합한 후 슬럼프 시험을 통해 워커빌리티를 평가하고, 적절한 배합비를 도출하고자 하였는바, 매 경우마다 슬럼프 시험을 실시하는 것이 많은 노력을 요하므로 실내 혹은 현장에서 슬럼프 시험보다 간편한 시험법이 필요하다고 판단되어 대체 실험으로서 낙하 콘 시험을 고안하였다. 같은 시료에 대하여 슬럼프 시험에 의한 슬럼프 치와 낙하 콘 시험에서의 콘 관입깊이와의 상관관계를 구한 결과 매우 상관성이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 국내에 편재해있는 화강풍화토에 대한 쏘일 컨디셔닝의 평가에 핵심인 슬럼프 치 대신 낙하 콘 시험을 이용할 수 있는 관계식을 제안하였다.