• Title/Summary/Keyword: sleeping time

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Accident Prevention and Safety Management System for a Children School Bus (어린이 통학버스 사고 방지 및 안전 관리 시스템)

  • Kim, Hyeonju;Lee, Seungmin;Ham, Sojeong;Kim, Sunhee
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.7
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    • pp.446-452
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    • 2020
  • As the use of children's school buses increases, accidents caused by the negligence of school bus drivers and ride carers have also increased significantly. To prevent such accidents, the government is coming up with various policies. We propose an accident prevention and safety management system for children's school buses. Through this system, bus drivers can easily check whether each child is seated and whether the seat belt is used, so it is possible to quickly respond to children's conditions while driving. With the ability to recognize faces by analyzing camera images, children can use a seat belt that is automatically adjusted to their height. It is therefore possible to prevent secondary injuries that may occur in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, a sleeping child-check system is provided to confirm that all children get off the bus, and a text service is provided to inform parents of their children's locations in real time. Based on Raspberry Pi, the system is implemented with cameras, pressure sensors, motors, Bluetooth modules, and so on. This proposed system was attached to a bus model to confirm that the series of functions work correctly.

Factors related to the Health Behavior of Rural Adolescents (일부 농촌지역 청소년들의 건강행태 관련요인 분석)

  • Jo, Heui-Sug;Lee, Sun-Hee
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.315-326
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    • 2000
  • Objectives : Health behaviors that contribute to the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and social problems among youth and adults are mostly established during youth, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated. The purpose of this study is to investigate health behavior, juvenile delinquent behavior, mental status and to understand related factor to health behavior. Methods : The study items of life style were health related habit including smoking, drinking, breakfast, regular diet, regular exercise, sleeping time and weight status. Also, sexual evidence, violence, suicidal perceptions were surveyed. Questionnaire survey was conducted from January to February, 2000 by adolescence living in Kyunggi-Do. Data were collected by self-administered questionares. The collected data were analyzed using PC-SPSS 9.0 version. Results : Most students perceived to be healthy themselves but just two thirds students had concern for health. 64.9% ever drank alcohol, 26.4% ever smoked, and also and 2.9% had attempted suicide during preceding the survey. The rate of sleeping over 8 hours is 31.8%, 65.6% had breakfast. Multiple regression analysis to find related factor with adolescents health behavior were conducted. As a results, concern for health, sex, grade, spending money and attempt to suicide were related to health behavior. Conclusion : These results showed that many efforts to improve the health-concern are necessary and suggest the need for further studies including follow-up study, intervention study on the relationship of life style.

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A Study on the Relations between Yangseng Level and Stress in Industrial Workers (근로자(勤勞者)의 양생수준(養生水準)과 스트레스와의 관계(關係))

  • Ahn, Hun Mo;Kim, Sung Sam;Kim, Wan Gyeom;Yu, Ho Dal;Chong, Myong Soo;Lee, Ki Nam
    • Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.100-129
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    • 2007
  • This study aims at grasping the relativity between laborers' yangseng level and stress so as to present the groundwork for preventive oriental medicine approach in industrial health. The researcher prepared the questionnaire on general character, - health-related yangseng level and chose 632 people to execute Autonomic balance test through heartbeat change. The collected material was analyzed by SPSS and tested by T-test, ANOVA The general yangseng level average is 3.27, morality yangseng 3.91, sleep yangseng 3.39, mind yangseng 3.32, sex life yangseng 3.29, exercise yangseng 3.14, activities and rest yangseng 3.07, diet yangseng 2.95, seasonal yangseng 2.84. The highest is morality yangseng and seasonal yangseng is the lowest. In the aspect of yangseng level: Having a spouse, Non-smoking, Non-drinking, Regular exercising, Sufficient sleeping have higher yangseng levels. In Autonomic balance test, age from 35 to 40 has the highest autonomic activity and job period from 5 years to 10 years has the highest stress resistance. Non-smokers have high autonomic activity and stress resistance. Further, have low autonomic balance, stress index and fatigue strength. In the case of regular exercising person, he/she has high autonomic activity and stress resistance with low stress index. Regarding sleeping time, autonomic balance is the highest when he/she sleeps less than 6 hours. Stress resistance is the highest when he/she sleeps 7 hours and stress index is the highest when he/she sleeps 6 hours. After comparing the relativity between yangseng level autonomic balance test, only exercise yangseng has plus factor on autonomic activity and stress resistance and minus factor on stress index and fatigue strength. Yangseng level has been affected by individual character and daily habits. Also stress is more influenced by daily habits than by individual character. We can find the relativity of exercise yangseng between yangseng and stress which suggests that we need to take measures to win over stresses in individual health in the near future.

Literature Review on Chinese Medicine Way of Care (한방조리법(韓方調理法)에 관한 문헌연구)

  • Sok, So-Hyun;Oh, Hae-Kyung;Moon, Hee-Ja
    • Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.83-95
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    • 1997
  • Cooking food is very important in Chinese medicine when we regard the food to be the principal origin of the nutrition of human body and the condition required to maitain the activities of the life of human body. Chinese medicine has accumulated the diverse and rich experience of cooking food through long clinical experience as well as made an important contribution to the healthy and long life through the unique theory of cooking food. Chineses medicine has deep view on the relations between food cooking and healthy and long life as well as presented the principle of cooking food created unique ways of food cooking such as food treatment. As the above, from the ancient times, Chinese medicine established Chinese medical science of nutrition under the consciousness of the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and practiced the methods of promoting the health through rightly selecting the foods. Therefore it has been thought that human beings can enjoy healthy life by rich supply of the nutrition. Comfortable ways of sleeping requie the emotion and peace with temperation in pleasure and anger, and also we should be temporate in eating, acting, sleeping posture and be flee from the wind, and we should not put on a quilt when sleep, and we should sleep alone and be careful about sexual life. The concrete measures for sexual intercourse are that: 1) we should marry at the right age not to be married at early age. 2) we should obey nature and not live unmarried life. 3) we should be temperate in having sexual intercoure and in excessive sexual desire. Regarding the residence and clothes: the residence environment should be calm and beautiful and the room for the residence should be well designed to be clean and sanitary and we should wear suitable clothes. All living creatures are living according to the rhythm of the living body and the change of the great nature. The Reason why the living things show the periodical rhythm is not that it is the truth of the great nature, but that the living life itself shall be ceased to be existed in case of running counter to such rhythm. There are 2 specially important things: one is about food in biological view and the other is the residence in social side. By starting from the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and root, we should rightly select the foods to promote the health at the maximum, and it is very important for human to be well obeying the environment and temperate in the life of residence and mind (Choi, Sam Byun, Shon, Sook Young, 1997). As the above, the cook in Chinese medicine suggests us the suitable ways of achieving the goal of nursing. Therefore the continuous study of this field is necessary based on this my study though it is unsatisfactory at this time but it would be the basic materals in establishing the nursing science of Chinese medicine.

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A Study on Health Behavior Experience of the Cancer Patients (암 환자의 건강행위 이행경험에 관한 연구)

  • Chung, Yeon Kang;Heo, Jin Yeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.117-131
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this study is to grasp the nature of health behavior to pactice in order to keep and improve the optimal health in the current status of the cancer patients. The subjects were 21 cancer patients, who knew about their disease for themselves, could communicate without mental disease history, and could understand the purpose of this study and cooperate, in a university hospital in Seoul. The data were collected by direct interview from July 15 to Oct. 17, 1994. The interview took about 1~2hours per one time for each paitent by unstructural and open questions. And they were classified into some similar contents on the basis of the phenomenological analysis and categorized. The analyzed results are as follows: 1) In the daily life before and after diagnosis as cancer patients, they were categorized into 6 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and somking, and recognition of their health. 2) In the experience of health behavior of cancer patents, they were categorized into 7 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and smoking, recognition of their health, and psychology etc. According to the analyzed results of daily life before diagnosis as cancer patients, it turned out that they didn't recognize the problems for their health habit and made their disease state bad by irresolute characteristics which hesitated to practice rightly, renunciation, and irresponsibility and so on, even if they had much interests in their health and were motivated. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and have an individual-centric interests in order to change the pattern of life for optimal health state to some extent. In the health behavior of cancer patients, it turned out that they had interests in the state of nutrition and diet the most. Even though they experienced the change of serious nutritive state due to the bad gastroenteric trouble by anticancer treatment, they were trying to have a regular eating habit refraining from irritant food and use folk remedies or healthy food temperating the taste food thoroughly, they also showed the sensitive response for nutrition. In addition, they appeared to use the traditional medical treatment or the folk remedies very seriously without abuse. In consideration of it, it is desirable to use them together with the modern medical treatment intercomplementarily and necessary to look into the types for cancer patients and their benefits.

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Between Monster and Hero -Characters with Supernatural Powers of Fantasy Dramas (괴물과 영웅 사이 -판타지 드라마의 초능력 인물)

  • Kim, Kyung-Min
    • Journal of Popular Narrative
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.9-39
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    • 2020
  • The aim of this study is to examine how heroic characters with supernatural powers are portrayed, and what shortcomings and desires are present in the societies they are born into, with reference to television series with superheroes such as , , and out of many motifs of Korean television fantasy series. The common feature of the superheroes represented in these three dramas is that they are viewed as monsters symbolizing vigilance and alienation instead of being regarded as typical heroes that are the object of praise and admiration. All three dramas criticize the corruption and limitations of bureaucratic powers such as the judiciary, prosecution, and police. The protagonists showcase their heroics by correcting such problems and helping the weak and the victimized by using their supernatural powers. At the same time, they broach uncomfortable topics, highlight truths that some may wish to hide, and also argue the concept of 'normality' and the 'world of naturalness'. For this reason, they are treated as monsters and alienated. Despite being called upon to solve the problems in reality, the deficiencies and contradictions of our society are also revealed by them. The idea of expressing the repressed desires in reality, is similar to the attributes of fantasy in that it criticizes and overthrows reality in order to meet the desires. This study verified not only the subversive characters of fantasy, but also the limitations when such attributes were combined with the characteristics of the medium of television shows. The significance of this study is to give attention to a genre that had previously been neglected by Korean productions but is now gaining traction, and also to suggest many tasks for researching more subdivided and diversified fantasy dramas in the future.

Influence of Computer Use Hours on Physical Development, Dietary Patterns, and Nutritional Status of Higher Grade Elementary School Children (컴퓨터 사용시간이 고학년 초등학생의 신체 발달, 식생활 습관 및 영양 상태에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hye-Seon;Lee, Bog-Hieu
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.165-173
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    • 2008
  • This study was intended to investigate whether the computer use hours affect physical development, dietary habits, and nutritional status or not. One hundred and ninety elementary school students from Gyeonggi province and Seoul were selected and surveyed during December, 2006. Participants were divided into 2 groups: long-time computer user (${\geq}$ 2 hrs./day) and short-time computer user (<2hrs./day). The survey included the questionnaires and anthropometric measurement. A dietary survey was conducted by using 24-hour recall method. The most of long-time computer user accessed computer more often than those of short-time computer user weekly bases. The purpose of the computer use was for the computer game (p < 0.05). Most participants accessed computer after the school at night and at their home. The longer the computer use, the more the body weight and %RBW (p < 0.05). Dietary habits score of long-time computer user 34.5 points) was lower than that of short-time computer user (38.0 points) (p < 0.001). The long-time computer user consumed more fatty foods, instant foods, and sugary foods. In case of dietary habit changes incurred by computer use, the long-time computer user had inferior dietary habits: skipping meals, meal size, appetite, eating speed, weight, exercise, and sleeping trouble (p < 0.05). The long-time computer user consumed less calories than the short-time computer user (p < 0.05). Also, the long-time computer user tended to have lower intakes of vitamin C, Ca, and dietary fiber without significance. From the findings, the longer use of computer by the elementary school children negatively affects their physical development, dietary habits and nutritional status.

A Study on the Sleep Activity Pattern of the Infant (대구 지역 영아의 수면/활동 양상에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Mi-Ye;Koh, Hyo-Jung;Shin, Young-Hee;Kim, Young-Hee;Oh, Jin-A;Kim, Hye-Young;Lee, Eun-Ju;Kim, Yong-Sook
    • Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to recognized the sleep activity patterns of the normal infants in Korea. The subject were 41 normal infants who were below 8 weeks old and were born in Taegu city and Kyungbuk province. The measuring instrument the sleep activity was NCASA translated by the Korean-parent-child Health Academic Association. The data that were collected from April, 18 1999 to January 1, 2000 were analysed by the SPSS 7.5 program. The results of the study was summarized as follow; 1) The mean amount of total sleeping hours per day was decreased from $16.27{\pm}1.96$ hr at the 1st week, to $15.19{\pm}2.39$ hr at the 2nd week, to $13.66{\pm}2.40$ hr at the 3 week but increased to $16.55{\pm}5.77$ hr at the 4-8 week after birth. 2) The mean frequency of feeding was increased to $9.43{\pm}2.79$ times at the 3rd week but decreased to $7.55{\pm}1.23$ times at the 4-8th week after birth. 3) The regularity of day time sleep was decreased from 50.00% to 19.79% and that of night time sleep was increased from 51.79% to 72.92%. 4) The regularity of feeding was increased from 30.42% at the 1st week to 50.07% at the 2nd week but decreased 26.34% at the 4-8th week after birth. 5) The longest period of day time sleep was decreased to $2.39{\pm}0.42$ hr at the 3rd week but increased $2.47{\pm}0.69$ hr at the 4-8th week after birth. The longest period of night time sleep was decreased to $2.58{\pm}0.67$ hr at the 2nd week but increased to $3.00{\pm}1.32$ at the 3rd week and $4.30{\pm}1.16$ hr at the 4-8th week after birth. 6) At the 1st week, the 2nd week, the 3rd week after birth, the frequency of day time feeding was positively correlated with the frequency of night time feeding($R_{1week}=0.948^{**}$, $R_{2week}=0.927^{**}$, $R_{3week}=0.779^{**})$. At the 4-8th week after birth, the frequency of night time feeding was negatively correlated with the amount of night time sleep ($R_{4week-8week}=0.875^{*}$). On the basis of above findings, the following is suggested; It is need a longitudinal and transcultural study which are designed for children's sleep and feeding.

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The Influence of Parenting Attitude to Using Life Time of Adolescent Children (청소년 자녀의 생활시간 사용에 부모의 양육태도가 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Jeongyun;Jeon, yujin
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.35-47
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    • 2016
  • This research aimed to observe adolescent children's use of time and to discover the parent-related factors that affect adolescent children's use of time. The subjects included 2,092 fourth-grade elementary school students and 2,108 first-grade middle school students. We used data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. We tested sociodemographic factors, parents characteristics, and time usage, and we studied these factors using SPSS version 23.0; the results are as follows. Firstly, in the subordinate scope of the child-rearing attitude of parents, affection fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 1.83) and first-grade middle school students(M = 2.02). Inconsistency had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 1.99), and first-grade middle school students(M = 2.12). Excessive expectations had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 2.40) and first-grade middle school students(M = 2.55). Over-involvement had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 2.68)and first-grade middle school students(M = 2.80). Finally, giving reasonable explanations had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 1.51)and first-grade middle school students(M = 1.68). Secondly, in fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 463.35) and first-grade middle school students(M = 378.75). Further, studying hours during weekdays had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 456.15) and first-grade middle school students(M = 460.86). Free activity hours during had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 390.54) and first-grade middle school students(M = 387.11). Sleeping hours during holidays had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 544.85) and first-grade middle school students (M = 511.74). Studying hours during holidays had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students (M = 484.86) and first-grade middle school students (M = 511.74). Free activity hours during holidays had an effect on fourth-grade elementary school students(M = 518.68) and first-grade middle school students(M = 509.73). Thirdly, by observing the relative influence of related factors on adolescent children's use of time, grade(${\beta}$ = -.284), gender(${\beta}$ = -.208), over-involvement(${\beta}$ = -.380), supervising(${\beta}$ = -.217), and (${\beta}$ = .243) in terms of the child-rearing attitudes of parents was found to affect study hours($F=2.595^{**}$). The education level of fathers(${\beta}$ = -.144) results in(${\beta}$ = 1.991) and longer free activity hours for children($F= 4.116^{***}$). This research can be used to study the influence of parents'child-rearing attitudes on adolescent children's use of time and to suggest the role of parents in adolescents' ability to manage time effectively using practical.

A Study of Variations in the Percentage of Body Fat, Energy Intake, and Expenditure, Based on Adult Women by Age on Cheju Island, Korea (제주지역 성인 여성들의 연령별 체지방율의 차이와 열량 섭취 및 소비량에 관한 조사연구)

  • 고양숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.390-404
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    • 1993
  • The purpose of this paper is to determine the percentage of body fat by measurement of skin-fold thickness of the triceps and the subscapular area to investigate the relationship between the daily energy intake and expenditure among obese women and nonobese women based on the percentage of body fat and age. This survey included 422 females in Cheju. 1) The age distribution of the 422 females surveyed was : 26.8% were in their 20's, 20.6% in their 30's, 21.3% in their 40's, 19.0% in their 50's and 12.3% were above 60 years of age. The 422 females consisted consisted of 78% housewives, 12.8% college student and 9.2% single working women. 2) The average height and weight of the surveyed women were respecitively 159.0$\pm$4.2cm and 56.0$\pm$7.2kg, the percentage of body fat of the surveyed women was 24.8$\pm$9.8%, and the BMI of those surveyed was 22.7$\pm$2.7. If higher than 30% body fat was defined as being obese, 15.6% of the surveyed women were assessed to be obese. 3) Total daily food consumption and energy intake of the group of women aged 60 and older was significantly small. Food consumption and nutrient intake of obese women was greater than that of the nonobese group, but not significant. Carbohydrate intake of the obese group in their 40's was significantly higher than the nonobese group. Total food consumption, energy and carbohydrate intake of the obese group in their 50's was significantly higher than the nonobese group. Vegetable intake of the obese group in their 60's and older was significantly higher than the nonobese group. 4) The total time of physiological activity of women aged 60 and older was significantly higher than for the other age groups and the total work time was significantly lower. The total work time of women in their 20's was not lower than the other groups. Considering the low energy expenditure of physical activity for women in their 20's, they appeared to have light activity. However, there was not a significant difference in the physical activity time among middle aged women groups(from 30 to 50). The entire energy expenditure of the obese group was greater than the nonobese group. However, the energy expenditure per body weight in the obese group was significantly less than that of the nonobese group in terms of the basal metabolic rate in consideration of the fat free mass. 5) There was a positive correlation between the percentage of body fat and the factors of age, sleeping time, total time of physiological activity, housework time, time spent watching TV, energy expenditure, energy intake, carbohydrate and cereal consumption. On the other hand, the percentage of body fat was negatively correlated with energy expenditure per body weight based on the basal metabolic rate in consideration of the free mass.

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