• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting lifestyle in high school students. Method: The study subjects were 477 high school students. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation and Stepwise Multiple Regression with SPSS statistical program. Results: The average item score for health promoting lifestyle was 2.44. The highest subscale score was self actualization (2.85), while the lowest subscale scores were interpersonal relationship (2.82), nutrition (2.57), exercise (2.56) and health responsibility (1.77). There was a significant difference between gender, sleeping hours, perceived health state, economic state, school performance, father's education, mother's education, living together and health promoting lifestyle. The most powerful predictor of health promoting lifestyle was self-efficacy (29.9%). The combination of self-efficacy, family function, activity-related effect, commitment to a plan of action, situational influences and social support accounted for 55% of the variance in the health promoting lifestyle. Conclusion: Self-efficacy was the most powerful variance of health promoting lifestyle. Therefore, health promoting programs that increase self-efficacy should be developed to promote a healthier lifestyle among high school students.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2007

Objective : To report the positive effect of Mulligan technique affecting for Tension headache without using the medicinal substances. Methods : Among the students with Tension headache those under and over twenty years of age, and selected twenty students with more longer and severe pain from 170 students in March 2, 2007. Experiment was enforced for twenty minute in a day and two times in a week from second week of April to after four weeks. Results : The Results of this study were summarized by six subjects ; 1. Visual analog scale was positively decreased from 3.05 to 0.75. 2. Brief Pain Inventory on task was positively decreased from 2.90 to 1.10. 3. Brief Pain Inventory of sentiment was positively decreased from 3.90 to 0.75. 4. Brief Pain Inventory on leisure hours was positively decreased from 2.60 to 0.7. 5. Brief Pain Inventory in personal relationship was positively decreased from 2.45 to 0.5. 6. Brief Pain Inventory while sleeping was positively decreased from 2.15 to 0.4. Conclusion : Mulligan technique can affecting the positive effects for those who has Tension headache. It is especially reduces pain from Tension headache.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.808-813
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• 2008

The study was to evaluate the air-conditioning of sleep algorithm. The algorithm was developed through the analysis of brain waves and MST, the experiments using air conditioner was performed in a apartment bedroom. Five female subjects were participated for the experiment. Eight hours of data collection a day was performed under different algorithm, case A, case B and case C. Physiological signals, EEG, ECG, EOG, and EMG, were obtained using polygraph and converted into digital signal. Then, subjects were asked to answer the questionnaire about their thermal sensation after experiment in bedroom. Sleep stages were classified, then TST, Sleep latency and Sleep efficiency were calculated for the three different air conditioner algorithm. As results, TST, Sleep efficiency, questionnaire showed the higher values for Case B algorism than that for other algorism. On the other hand, SWS latency was lower than for other conditions. Therefore, it was concluded that Case B of the algorithm was the best for comfortable and deep sleep.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 1979

This study was undertaken to determine the subjective symptoms of fatigue among the house-wives groups. Inquiries into subjective symptoms of fatigue were made by the form designied by the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee of the Japan Society of Industrial Health (1961), Comprising 30 items. These items are classified into 3 groups of 10 items, namely, A) Physical Symptoms, B) Mental Symptoms, C) Neuro-Sensory Symptoms (Figure 1 ). The results of the investigation can be summerized as follows: 1. Within the total items (T), the physical symptoms (A) were the strongest in the effect on the feelings of fatigue, and were followed by (B), and (C). 2. There was a significant difference shown in the distribution of responses by height (X$^2$=236.29, d.f. = 145, p < 0.00001). In the mental category (F = 2.22, d.f. = 4, p = 0.05) and neuro-sensory category (F = 2.64, d.f. = 4, p < 0.001), there was a difference in the responses’com-plaints by weight. 3. As for the ages, housewives at the age of 50 presented a higher rate than those 30 or 20. 4. Regarding the number of children, respondents have more children showed higher frequency rate of complaints. 5. In the investigation sample, complaints were related to education level (f = 18.34, d.f. = 3, p<0.0001) pentruation (t = 2.31, p< 0.022), and sleeping hours (F = 6.04, d.f. = 6, p< 0.0001).

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.316-326
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine teenagers' Internet addiction and to find factors influencing it. Methods: Data were collected from 596 middle and high school students between June 1 and June 20, 2009 with a self-rating questionnaire. The data were processed with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: (1) 20.3% of the students were spending over three hours a day in Internet use. The percentages of mild and serious Internet addiction were 22.3 and 2.1, respectively. (2) The stronger Internet addiction was, the higher stress was and the lower social support was. There was a negative correlation between stress and social support (r=-.296, p<.01). There was also a positive correlation between Internet addiction and stress (r=.264, p<.01) while a negative correlation between Internet addiction and social support (r=-.127, p<.01). (3) Among the subjects' characteristics, sex, school and family type, frequency of processed food intake, average daily Internet use hour and sleeping hour, subjective health perception, and satisfaction level with parents and family made difference in the Internet addiction level. Conclusion: The result of this study will provide useful background data for the selection of target population, stress management and social support promotion programs to prevent teenagers' Internet addiction.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2009

The indoor air quality is one of the most important issues of designing ventilation in high rise apartment buildings. This study suggested proper ventilation rate in the apartment bedroom where mechanical ventilation system has installed. Six university students(four male and two female) were participating in the experiment. Experiments were performed in environmental chamber. Experimental conditions were combinations from three ventilation rate 0, 0.4 and 0.7. Measurement items during 8 hours of experimental time were temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentrations and questionnaire surveyed aftrer sleeping. The concentration of Carbon Dioxide depending on ventilation rate in the chamber was analyzed for proper ventilation rate. The results of this paper can be summarized as follows. (1) When two persons experiment, 0.7 ventilation rate was in excess of 1000ppm. (2) When one person experiment, 0.7 and 0.4 ventilation rates were satisfied the criteria of IAQ. (3) It compared 0.4 with 0.7 in the ventilation rate, 0.4 ventilation rate could reduced about 80% of the power by fan similarity law.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.125-137
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the literature on depression among South Korean nurses in order to identify overall trends regarding depression. Methods: Forty-five papers published between 1998 and 2017 in three Korean databases-RISS4U, DBPIA, and KISS-were analyzed. Results: Depression showed significant positive associations with job stress, burnout, intent to leave, and somatic symptoms such as fatigue and trouble sleeping. Poor work environments such as staff shortage, work overload, and shift work were also positively associated with depression. Higher job satisfaction, resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and social support were negatively correlated with and acted as significant buffers against depression. Conclusion: These results indicate that healthcare policymakers must pay more attention to the management and prevention of nurses' depression. In order to effectively do so, poor work conditions, which involve long working hours, high patient-to-nurse ratios, and extreme workloads, should be improved. Simultaneously, nursing managers should implement initiatives such as counseling and competency improvement programs, and stress management to reduce and prevent depression among nurses and strengthen their positive competency. Also, further research is required to clarify the prevalence of depression in South Korean nurses, with more meta-analyses also required to identify variations in depression rates owing to various factors.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of study was to assess the health promoting lifestyle among hospital nurses and to investigate the relationships between the health promoting lifestyle, resourcefulness, and perceived health status. Methods: The subjects were 400 nurses working at three university hospitals. The data were collected by self-administered questionnaires from September 1st to September 30th, 2008. Results: The range of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) was 71-185, the average score was 112.50, and the item mean was 2.16 (total 4). The range of resourcefulness was 9-50, and the average score was 16.56. The range of perceived health status was 4-13, and the averae score was 9.52. Health promoting lifestyle was showed significantly positive correlations with resourcefulness (r=.473, p<.001), and with perceived health status (r=.176, p<.001). The independent variables including resourcefulness, religion, working shift, sleeping hours, and exercise explained 58.6% of the variance of health promoting lifestyle. Especially, resourcefulness explained 53.2% of the variance of health promoting lifestyle. Conclusion: Resourcefulness was identified as the most important variable contributing to the performance of health promoting lifestyle.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.84-103
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• 2012

Objectives : The middle school students'life style were studied with focus on Body Mass Index(BMI). Information was collected during 1st June 2009 to 10th July from 397 students(both male and female) by the subjective survey centered on personal characteristic, understanding about health in general, everyday activities, eating habits, preference in food, understanding about diet and obesity, and thoughts about fitness and diet. Methods : Students were selected from six classes by convenience sampling, then the final analysis was performed on 397 self-administered questionnaires, excepting 5 questionnaires, which have insincere answers. The data collection was carried out by SPSS(V.14.0 English Version), and the data was verified by $x^2$-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis. Results and Conclusion : The survey subjects were in the following distribution of body weights - underweight: 63.6%, normal weight: 29.5% and 6.9% were overweight. There was significantly different between BMI and mothers' occupation and satisfaction with school life(p<0.05). As for the analysis(multiple regression analysis) on understanding about health, the factors that affect BMI are self recognition of figure and efforts to reduce weight. In terms of efforts for one's own health, 78.2% of under weight and 82.3% of normal weight were taking active initiatives. But 85.2% of the overweight students were not giving any efforts. As for the free time activities, more than half answered, 'playing with computers'(48.4 - 66.7%, 1.57 hours on average). As for TV, on average, 2.03 hours were spent in overall. And it turned out that the overweight students spent more time watching TV by 46.49 minutes(0.77 hours) on average(p<0.05). 7.4 hours was the average sleeping time. As for the eating habit,'quantity of meal, snack, meal between meals, fat reduction, and supplementary food'were shown to be related to the BMI(p<0.05). The instant food, meat and sweet food were shown to be also related to the BMI. In terms of knowledge about overweight and diet, only 8 students(2% of the total) answered all 10 questions correct. On average, 7-8 questions were correctly answered(53.9 %). When the scores were analyzed against the BMI by classifying the scores to high, middle and low categories, it showed a relationship by different weight group(p<0.02), and the overweight students had higher score by 0.82 compared to the underweight students. When thoughts and attitude on fitness and diet were analyzed in relationship to the BMI, the result was only - "I try to eat fruits more often"(fruits)(p<0.00).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.347-360
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to find out the subjective and objective fatigue level and the characteristics of seamen's physical strength with the service period on board, to have a new understanding of the vocation, and to explore a physical exercising program for the seamen. The questionnaire survey for the seamen who had been in service on the ocean going vessels was conducted and the results are fumed out as the followings. Total number of seamen who had answered the questionnaire was 64 persons and the distribution status of service period group was identified as 16 persons for each of 4 groups； the group was classified as the group of less than 5 years, 5 - 10 years, 10 - 15 years, and more than 15 years. 1. Working conditions Working hours in a week was identified as 44－56 hours(45.3%) and the number of 45.3% of the seamen answered the working hours in week is more than 56 hours. The seamen of 25.0% are unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with their vocation. The seamen of 65.6% are smoking, and 45.3% of them drink. The seamen of 44.,3% drink once or more in a week. And the seamen of 67.2% do not take any exercise in a week. 2. Contribution to the seamen's fatigue and subjective symptom The most contributive factor to the seamen's fatigue was identified as the short of sleeping(21.5%), overwork(19.2%), poor working conditions (18.6%), and the friction in human relations also becomes one the contribution to the fatigue(14.0%). The subjective symptom by fatigue was identified as the feeling of languid, sleepy and tiredness of eyes. 3. Characteristics of the seamen's physical strength and Interrelations The grip strength and back strength of the seamen whose service period is less than 5 years were measured as 40.44kg and 127.8kg. The sit ups in the group of service period less than 5 years was measured as 36.84 times, and the vertical jump for the seamen in this group was measured as 46.55cm. The closed-eyes foot balance was measured as 33.64 seconds in the group of service period between 5 and 10 years, and side-step was measured as 35.31 times in the group of service period less than 5 years. The standing trunk flexion was measured as 10.54cm for the seamen whose service period is between 10-15 years, and the trunk extension was measured as 50.70cm for the seamen whose service period is less than 5 years. And the step test of the seamen whose service period is between 10-15 years was measured as 54.44 numbers, and the number of flickers of the seamen whose service period is less than 5 years was measured as 32.94.