• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2008

This study was undertaken to investigate whether honokiol could enhance the pentobarbitalinduced sleeping behaviors through $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor $Cl^-$ channel activation. Thirty minutes after the oral administration of honokiol, mice were received sodium pentobarbital (42 mg/kg, i.p.). The time elapsed from pentobarbital injection to the loss of the righting reflex was taken as sleeping latency. The time elapsed between the loss and voluntary recovery of the righting reflex was considered as the total sleeping time. Western blot technique and $Cl^-$ sensitive fluorescence probe were used to detect the expression of $GABA_A$ receptor subunits and $Cl^-$ influx in the primary cultured cerebellar granule cells. Honokiol (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) prolonged the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital (42 mg/kg) in a dosage-dependent manner. Honokiol (20 and 50 ${\mu}M$) increased $Cl^-$ influx in primary cultured cerebellar granule cells, and selectively increased the $GABA_A$ receptor $\alpha$-subunit expression, but had no effect on the abundance of $\beta$ or $\gamma$-subunits. Chronic treatment with 20 ${\mu}M$ honokiol in primary cultured cerebellar neurons did not affect the abundance of GAD65/67. The results suggested that honokiol could potentiate pentobarbital-induced sleeping through $GABA_A$ receptor $Cl^-$ channel activation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2021

Shihogayonggolmoryo-tang (ST) is a Korean medical herb cocktail which has been used to treat anxiety induced insomnia. In this study, we will examine sleep-promoting and anti-anxiety effects of ST, and investigate its mechanism. ICR mice were divided into three groups for the first examination : control group (n=11), ST50 group (50 mg/kg, po, n=11), ST200 group (200 mg/kg, po, n=11). Sleep-promoting effect was confirmed by measuring the sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time after thiopental sodium treatment (50 mg/kg, ip). ICR mice were divided into five groups for the second examination : control group (n=11), ST200 group (200 mg/kg, po, n=11), ST200+Flumazenil group (ST 200 mg/kg, po, flumazenil 0.3 mg/kg, ip, n=11), diazepam group (1 mg/kg, ip, n=11), diazepam+flumazenil group (diazepam 1 mg/kg, ip, Flumazenil 0.3 mg/kg, ip, n=11). Anxiety behavior and sleep-promoting effect was confirmed by open field test and measuring the sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time. Expression levels of c-fos in tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) and ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. ST treated group showed significantly decreased anxiety behavior and enhanced sleeping duration time and sleeping onset time concentration dependently. The expression of c-fos was significantly upregulated in VLPO as sleep-inducing center and TMN as downregulated in arousal center by ST treatment. In addition, all effects of ST were reversed by flumazenil. Our results suggest that ST has sleep-promoting and anti-anxiety effects through regulating arousal center (TMN) and sleep-inducing center (VLPO).

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2011

소아치과 분야에서 chloral hydrate와 hydroxyzine를 이용한 진정 요법은 가장 보편화된 방법이지만 진정 효과는 약물의 용량, 연령, 체중, 술 전 환아의 수면 시간, 술 전 공복유지 유무, 환아의 건강 상태에 따라 좌우 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 경험적으로 chloral hydrate 진정 요법 시행 전날 수면 시간이 짧을수록 진정 효과가 더 크다는 점에 착안하여 협조전 단계 환아에서 chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine을 이용한 진정 치료 시 치료 전 수면 시간과 진정 효과의 관계에 대해 알아보고자 시행 하였다. 한림대 소아치과에 내원한 환자 중 사전 조사에서 1일 평균 수면 시간이 비슷한 만 2-5세 아이들 37명을 대상으로 chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine 진정 요법 하 치료를 시행하였다. 치수 치료를 포함하여 수복치료를 요하는 아이들을 대상으로 하였으며 치수치료를 한 환자는 총 11명이었다. 진정 효과는 동일한 평가자에 의해 Houpt 등의 rating scal에 따라 점수를 산정하여 단순회귀 분석법으로 평가하였고 치수 치료 유무에 따라 진정 효과가 달라지는지 여부를 t-test로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Houpt 등의 rating scale 중 sleep, crying 항목은 전날 수면 시간에 따라 유의하지는 않지만 반비례 상관관계를 지닌다(p>0.05). 2. Movement, overall behavior는 전날 수면 시간에 따라 유의하게 반비례하는 상관관계를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 3. 치료 내용에 따른 진정 요법 효과의 차이는 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 실험 결과 진정 전 수면 시간이 짧을수록 진정 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 개폐상태를 알릴 수 있는 스위치나 센서들을 이용하여, 수면자의 수면상태를 인식할 뿐 아니라 올바른 수면상태로 제어할 수 있는 수면제어 및 원격모니터링 시스템을 제안하였고, 이 시스템을 헬스케어 수면매트에 실제 적용한 예를 보였다. 제안한 시스템은 센서를 이용한 수면상태 감지부, 센싱데이터 검출 및 송수신부, 수면상태 제어 및 모니터링부로 구성되었다. 시스템 구축을 위해 먼저, 수면상태 감지부는 접촉 방식의 개폐형식의 스위치센서를 사용하였다. 둘째, 센싱데이터 검출 및 송수신부는 임베디드 보드를 자체 개발하였으며, 실시간 데이터 추출과 수면상태 제어 및 모니터링부와는 소켓 기반의 통신이 지원된다. 그리고 세 번째 수면상태 제어 및 모니터링부에서는 입력된 센서 ID와 센싱된 데이터를 기반으로 올바른 수면자세의 유도 및 전반적인 수행상태 정보를 모니터링 하도록 하였다. 마지막으로 이들 서비스 모듈 및 그들 간의 통신구현은 실시간 객체지향형 모델인 TMO 스키마와 이들 간의 실시간 통신을 위해 분산 미들웨어로서 TMOSM을 이용하였다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1970

The present study is concerned with the demonstration of the relationship between the behavior and the brain concentration of noradrenaline resulted from pretreatment of amphetamine in isolated or aggregated rats. The experimental subjects were rats weighing from 120g to 200g housed 1, 2, and 6 in a cage. Analeptic activity of amphetamine was measured by determining the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital sod. The noradrenaline content in brain was determined with Aminco-Bowmann's spectro-photofluorometer by Lee's modification of Shore and Olin method. Results: 1) The analeptic activity of amphetamine on the sleeping time induced by pentobarbital sod. was more increased in the grouped rats than in isolated animal. 2) In being isolated and grouped rats, the sleeping time induced pentobarital sod, was markedly prolonged by pretreatment of amphetamine. 3) Means of housing rats, e.g., isolation or aggregation did not seem to affect the brain noradrenaline depleting action. 4) Repeated daily parenteral administration of amphetamine sulfate for a period 1 to 3 weeks resulted in decrement of brain noradrenaline concentration in being isolated and grouped rats. 5) The prolongation of sleeping time of the isolated or aggregated rats, when pretreated with amphetamine, compared with that of stock rats, seems to be attributable rather to the means of housing than the variation of the noradrenaline caused by amphetamine.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1214-1218
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• 2010

본 논문은 수면과 관련된 행동에 대한 연구로서 수면과 연관된 사람의 행동유형을 구별함으로써 궁극적으로는 수면과 관련된 행동 로그를 추적하고자 한다. 이러한 목적하에 침대에서 수면 전후 또는 수면 중 행동들을 판단하기 위하여, 행동로그를 정의하고, 사람의 행동유형들에 대해 보다 단순화된 특정벡터를 추출하였다. 그 다음, 특정조건들의 기준값을 토대로 개인별 행동유형 판단 알고리즘을 적용하는 실험을 하였다. 이러한 실험으로부터 얻은 중요한 결과들은 개인별 행동 특성을 반영한 방식이 기존의 단일집단 방식보다 유용함을 의미한다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2005

Objectives : This study is for discovering the clinical Features of the sleep in ordinary symptoms based on the Sasang Constitution. The result of this study could be helpful to understand and to identify the patients as Soyangin in contrast with the other constitutions -Soeumin, Taeumin and Taeyangin. Methods : There were 1,229 patients(700 female), who answered the questionnaire about their ordinary sleeping patterns. They had been diagnosed, including their clinical Sasang Constitution, by the Sasang Constitution specialist at Bundang Oriental Hospital of Dongguk University. By applying the binary logistic regression analysis, we can measure the characteristics and the influence of ordinary sleeping patterns to the dependent variable(Sasang Constitution). Results : As a result of the binary logistic analysis on the observed questionnaire, we found the characteristics of the ordinary sleeping patterns on Soyangin in contrast with the other constitutions. Firstly, Soyangin has a tendency that he wouldn't dreams more, when he sleeps in contrast with the others. Secondly, Soyangin has a tendency that he wouldn't sleep longer than 6-7hours. Thirthly, Soyangin has a tendency that he will sleep well in contrast with the others. Conclusion : This study will be used to identify patients as Soyangin in contrast with the others-Soemin, Taeumin and Taeyangin.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.573-587
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting sleeping patterns among hospitalized elderly. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. Participants were 121 hospitalized elderly in a hospital located in a county. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Almost a half of hospitalized elderly in this study suffer from sleep disturbances. As results of univariate analyses, physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and environmental factors disturbed sleep among hospitalized elderly. However, the result of stepwise multiple regression analysis identified that anxiety and environmental factors were significant predictors of sleeping patterns for hospitalized elderly and these two factors accounted 32.5% of variance of sleeping patterns among hospitalized elderly. Conclusion: Sleep assessment should be conducted on admission to identify sleep difficulties and thereby to improve quality of nursing care. Nurses and other health care personnels should make efforts to decrease anxiety and to eliminate environmental barriers of sleep among hospitalized elderly. Educational programs for nursing staff that offer information about sleep and sleep promoting interventions for the elderly patients are critical. Moreover, sleep promotion intervention program should be developed, applied and evaluated.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2020

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Korea remains a poorly-understood subject for both professionals and the public. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates, suggesting that making adjustments in child-rearing practices may contribute substantially to SIDS reduction. Two of the three major risk factors for SIDS-vulnerability of the infant and exogenous factors-need to be understood in particular depth due to their broad scope and sociocultural grounding. This paper presents substantial issues regarding preterm birth and male gender on infants' vulnerability to SIDS in Korea. Practices of caring for healthy infants are addressed in the context of sleeping practices, including sleeping position, bedding arrangements, sleeping on the floor, the back-to-sleep position, high indoor temperatures and ondol floor heating, and swaddling. Professional and social awareness about how to reduce SIDS should be raised by promoting a better understanding of risk factors in the context of ethnic and cultural variations in child-rearing practices.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and exercise and sleeping of high school girls. For the survey, 1829 respondents were randomly selected from Seoul and local area. The survey was conducted from the 1st to the 14th of June, 1991 by the use of questionnaires made·after a pilot study. For the analysis, descriptive statistics were used by calculating frequencies, percentages and mean scores. t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient were employed to test the differences and the statistical significance. The results of this study are summarized as follows: (1) 'There was no significant difference in stress level between the subjects who took exercise and who didn't take exercise. (2) Significant positive correlation was revealed between stress level and sleeping time. It means that a increase in stress level brought on increased sleeping time. (3) Residential makes the significant differences in terms of stress level. The stress level of Seoul students(3.0l) showed higher than that of local students(2.65). The results of the study lead us to the suggestion that, for the high school girls, the health education for stress management must be required. In addition, adolescents welfare work would be reached by supporting the group activity and sufficient leisure facilities.