• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.198-207
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• 2012

This paper presents an overview of automated robotic system for skull drilling, which is performed to access for some neurosurgical interventions, such as brain tumor resection. Currently surgeons use automatic-releasing cranial perforators. The drilling procedure must be performed very carefully to avoid penetration of brain nerve structures; however failure cases are reported. The presented prototype system utilizes both preoperative and intraoperative information. Preoperative CT image is used for robot path planning. A NeuroMate robot with a six-DOF force sensor at the end effector is used for intraoperative operation. Intraoperative cutting force from the force sensor is the key information to revise an initial registration and preoperative path plans. Some possibilities are verified by path simulation but cadaver experiments are required for validation of this prototype.

• 치과방사선
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.347-359
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• 1994

The reproducibility of cephalography in repeated exposures were studied by tracing and photographic subtraction. The materials consisted of 50 pairs of 'same day' radiograph taken under identical conditions. The evaluation included skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue, soft tissue profile resulting 43 items in tracing, and 19 items in photographic subtraction. The results obtained from the differences between each pair were as follows: 1. The means and standard deviations by tracing of skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue, soft tissue profile were 0.34±0.62㎜, 1.02±1.59㎜, 1.37±1.78㎜, 0.55±1.16㎜, 0.51±1.51㎜, 0.15±0.3㎜ each. 2. The means and standard deviations by photographic subtraction of skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue were 0.09±0.35㎜, 0.70±0.95㎜, 1.22±1.33㎜, 0.53±0.86㎜, 0.27±0.41㎜ each.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.441-444
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• 2010

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of craniofacial structures is well documented, however, its involvement of the clivus is seldom described. We report a case of clival FD in a young man who presented with headache localized to the occipital area. The radiological studies revealed a monostotic disease confined to the clivus, with typical findings of hypo intensity on magnetic resonance images and ground-glass density on computed tomography. The diagnosis of FD was confirmed on pathological examination of specimens taken through transsphenoidal surgery. The patient showed reduction of symptoms and no change of residual lesion on follow-up imaging taken 2.5 years later after surgery. This study includes clinical aspect, radiographic appearance, differential diagnosis and treatment strategy of this rare skull base lesion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.481-484
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• 2009

Purpose: Cleidocranial dysostosis is a rare hereditary disorder affecting bones that develop by intramembranous formation. The typical features include excessive growth of transverse diameter of the skull, hypoplastic clavicles, low height and characteristic facial features. Methods: A 28 years old female patient visited by frontal area depression. The diagnosis was performed by computed tomographic study and radiographic imaging. The patient has widely opened anterior fontanelle, partial fused metopic suture, multiple wormian bone and supernumenary impacted teeth. Under the coronal incision, we exposed depressed frontal area and corrected with Medpor block carving. Results: Postoperatively, frontoparietal skull was aestheticlly improved and she was satisfied with the results. Conclusion: Authors report a case of cleiodocranial dysostosis who has been done correction of abnormal skull shape by Medpor$^{(R)}$ insertion.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.69-71
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• 2013

The maxillary sinus appeared first among the sinuses of the skull at 92 days of prenatal stage. The early formation of frontal sinus was observed at 157 days in the cranial most part of the frontal bone while the early formation of palatine sinus was observed at 170 days. A total of five fontanelles were observed in prenatal skulls of buffalo. The largest and unpaired fontanelle was anterior fontanelle. The mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle were paired. The ossification of anterior fontanelle was first observed at 164 days. All the fontanelles were ossified completely prenatally.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.252-255
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• 2015

Intracranial involvement in multiple myeloma patients takes up around 1%, and is usually known to be present in the parietal bone or skull base in cases of skull vault involvement, while it presents in the dura and parenchyma in cases of intracranial involvement. Primary pachymeningeal invasion is even rarer with extremely rapid progression and very poor prognosis. It is our intent to report a case in which we had to differentiate multiple myeloma with other metastatic tumors, lymphoma, and leukemia with intracranial involvement. Our patient showed an osteolytic lesion of the skull with dural involvement and subdural mass formations.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2021

Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by skin defects involving the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, bone, and sometimes dura. It commonly affects the scalp in approximately 70% of cases, but the neck, trunk, and the extremities can also be affected. ACC can occur either as an isolated condition or associated with other anomalies and congenital syndromes, and it can be acquired either genetically or sporadically. Morbidity and mortality are associated with the defects of skull bone, dura, and other multiple anomalies. We herein report the case of a female infant, with a large scalp defect accompanied by a skull defect noted at birth, who developed mental retardation in the preschool years.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup2호
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• pp.216-220
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• 2001

Objective : Cranioplasty is required to protect underlying brain, to correct major aesthetic deformities, or both. The ideal material for this purpose is autogenous bone. When this is not available, alloplastic or artificial materials may be used. In this study authors compared the infection rate according to the cranioplasty materials(the frozen autologous bone vs. bone cement), and duration of the skull defect. Materials : Between May 1994 and December 1999, 111 patients with skull defect treated with cranioplasty(82 cases of frozen autologous bone and 29 cases of artificial bone material) were included in this study. There were 77 males and 34 females with a mean age of 41.4 years(range 1-85 years). 57 patients had head trauma and 54 had non-traumatic insults. According to the duration of skull defect, there were 28 cases under 1 month, 33 cases of 1-2 months, 15 cases of 2-3 months, 20 cases of 3-6 months and 15 cases over 6 months of duration. Results : Overall infection rate was 9.9%. In cases with frozen autologous bone and artificial bone material, the infection rate was 8.5% and 13.7%, respectively. The infection rate according to the duration of skull defect was 3.6%(among 28 cases) under 1 month of age, while those were 12%(4 among 33 cases) at 1-2 months, 20%(3 among 15 cases) at 2-3 months, 5%(1 among 20 cases) at 3-6 months and 13%(2 among 15 cases) over 6 months. Accoring to the underlying disease, the infection rate in traumatic cases was 12%(7 among 57 cases) and that in non-traumatic one was 3.7%(2 among 54 cases). Conclusion : From this study, it appears that skull defect should be repaired as soon as possible, because early cranioplasty can lower the infection rate. And surgeons could save the patients' cranial bone as possible as they can because autologous bone is not only cost effective in cosmatic purpose but lower the infection rate.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.357-360
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• 1997

Occipital dysplasias in five dogs showing various neurologic signs of unknown origin were diagnosed with clinical examination and skull radiographic assessment at this university teaching hospital. The severities of occipital dysplasia were Grade III in four dogs and Grade II in one dog. Major clinical signs were ataxia and convulsion. In skull radiographs, there were dorsal extents of the foramen magnum reached nuchal crest in all cases. Also, hydrocephalus or vertebral malformation was complicated in three cases.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.138-141
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• 2009

Purpose: Squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp sometimes exhibits unusually aggressive behavior. We report a case of extradordinarily aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp with invasion into the skull and dura mater. Method: The patient is a 38-year-old man with two cystic masses on the occipital area. He was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma in that region and have undergone surgical resections including cortical osteotomy of the skull, several years ago. On this occasion, 3-dimensional computed tomographic imaging revealed an erosive lesion on the occipital bone and magnetic resonance imaging showed two cystic masses invasion into the skull and dura mater. Results: He has undergone wide resection of the masses and cranioplasty with dural repair. Histopathologic examination indicated squamous cell carcinoma with moderate differentiation of the masses, bone marrow and dura mater. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma on the scalp can readily penetrate the full thickness of the cranium and invade the dura mater, sagittal sinus and brain. We suggest wide resection of the scalp and split thickness skin graft with sentinel lymph node biopsy, following by postoperative radiation therapy.