• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.581-584
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• 2014

피부란 인체의 외부표면을 덮고 있는 조직으로서 물리적 화학적으로 외부로부터 신체를 보호하는 동시에 전신의 대사에 필요한 생화학적 기능을 수행하는, 생명유지에 없어서는 안 되는 기관이다. 피부의 해부학적인 구조와 생리학적인 기능은 부위, 성별, 연령, 인종 및 영양 상태 등에 따라 많은 차이를 보인다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 20대와 한국 거주하는 중국의 20대 피부의 보습능을 측정하였다. 수분량의 경우 중국인이 한국인보다 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났고, 피부수분증발량 또한 중국인이 한국인보다 낮게 나타났다. 측정결과 20대 한국인과 중국인에 대하여 동일한 주거환경 하에서의 피부 보습능을 측정한 결과, 중국인이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the health status of elderly. Subjects were 132 older people who live in home and institution located Taejon metropolitan city. Data were collected from May 1997 to April 1998. To obtain data about health status of elderly. pulse, respiration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. grip strength. pinch pressure. flexibility, arm circumference. triceps skin fold thickness were measured. Data were analyzed for frequency. percentage. t-test using SPSS pc+ program. The results were as follows: 1. $74.4\%$ of subjects was perceived as 'good' in their health status. 2. Mean pulse, mean respiration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were with in normal limits. There were no statistical differences between men and women in pulse, respiration, systolic and diastolic pressure. 3. Left and right grip strength were 24.89 psi and 25.23psi. The grip strength in men was higher than that of women. It showed statistically difference between men and women in grip strength. 4. Left and right pinch pressure were 7 pound and 7.32 pound. There was statistically difference of pinch pressure between men and women. 5. left flexibility was better than right flexibility of subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between men and women in flexibility. 6. Arm circumference was 24.96cm and there was no statistically significant difference between men and women. 7. Mean skin fold thickness was 12.83 em. Skin fold thickness in men was lower than that of women. It showed statistically difference between men and women. From these results, further study should be considered gender differences in health status of elders and carried in larger sample than this study.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to explore women's beauty industry market and growth development by identifying the main factors of women's perception of skin health care. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey was conducted on women aged 20 to 60 living in Seoul. For the statistical analysis, frequency analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted, and significant differences in p<0.05 were tested through the multiple range test of the Scheffe. The factor analysis was conducted to verify the validity of questions, and the reliability was determined by the coefficient of Cronbach's α. Results - The lower the age, the higher the perception of the skin, and women pay a higher price for skin health as a provisional customer. 'Acne care' was the most common skin condition (32.8%), 'life style' (79.8%) was the most important part of skin care. Final education was the highest level of skin care for women with a professional background (M=3.41) (F=4.028, p<.05). Conclusions - The differences in the recognition of health knowledge by age, marital status, and household monthly income were significant, but there was no difference between jobs and final education. Customers who use less skin care than customers who frequently use the skin care center were more aware of skin health, and women who have a high awareness of skin are more interested in aging and regenerating due to the skin care.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제26권
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• pp.11.1-11.6
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• 2011

Objects: The prevalence of asthma has increased in recent decades globally. The objective of the present study is to elucidate whether hospitalization for bronchiolitis in infancy and low socioeconomic status interact for bronchial hyperreactivity during teenage years. Method: We studied 522 children age 13-14 years attending schools in rural and urban areas to investigate the risk factors for bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), defined as a provocation concentration of methacholine that causes a decrease of 20% ($PC_{20}$) in forced expiratory volume within 1 second. Clinical examination, skin prick test, spirometry, and methacholine challenge were performed on all study subjects, who provided written consent. We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the risk factors for BHR, and analyze the interaction between hospitalization for bronchiolitis in infancy and low socioeconomic status. Results: Forty-six (10.3%) positive BHR cases were identified. In the multivariate logistic analysis, as independent predictors of BHR, adjusted odds ratio of bronchiolitis diagnosed before 2 years of age in low income families was 13.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 135.0), compared to reference group, controlling for age, gender, parental allergy history, skin prick test, and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. Interaction was observed between bronchiolitis before 2 years old and low socioeconomic status on children's bronchial hyperreactivity (p-interaction=0.025). Conclusions: This study showed that bronchiolitis diagnosed before 2 years of age and low socioeconomic status interacted on children's bronchial hyperreactivity. Prevention of acute respiratory infection in early childhood in low socioeconomic status is important to prevent BHR as a precursor of asthma.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1971

For the measurement of the fat contents and nutritional status of urban High School girls, an intensive examination was conducted on a total of 2,085 students from 13 to 19 years of age groups. Total body fat cotents were measured by Skin-fold thickness with a Skin-fold Caliper manufactured by Cambridge Scientific Industrial Inc. at four sites of the body and it was calculated by Kim's regression equation. And Heights, Weights, and Chest circumferences were measured with Martin's Anthropometer. As the results of this study, the following conclusions were obtained: 1. The averages of heights, weights and chest girths were 153.1 cm, 46.2 kg and 76.6 cm. respectively. 2. The mean Skin-fold thicknesses of each site measured with a Lange skin-fold Caliper were: Sub-scapular: $13.44\;mm{\pm}4.41\;mm$. Abdominal : $10.55\;mm{\pm}4.02\;mm$. Lumbar: $10.56\;mm{\pm}4.06\;mm$. Upper arm: $15.35\;mm{\pm}4.37\;mm$. Total Average: $12.46\;mm{\pm}4.48\;mm$. 3. The average Skin-fold thicknesaes by age were as follow: ·9.02 mm at 13 years of age. 10.04 at 14, 11.82 at 15, 14.43 at 16, 15.12 at 17, 16.48 at 18, and 16.61 at 19 respectively. 4. The mean of fat contents calculated according to regression equation was 11.04kg. (9.14 at 13, 9.98 at 14, 11.12 at 15, 11.74 at 16, 12.21 at 17, 12.96 at 18, 13.29 at 19 respectively.)

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5011-5017
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• 2012

Background: Overexposure to sunlight in childhood and the adolescent period and associsated sunburns significantly increase the risk of skin cancer in adulthood. In Turkey, the incidence of skin cancer in the general population is 0.8%. The incidence is 0.6% and the mortality rate is 0.4% for men, while these rates are 1.0% and 0.7%, respectively, for women. If skin cancer is found early, its treatment is facilitated. Therefore, personal skin examination is important for early diagnosis. Objectives: Our aim was to determine the effects of training for raising consciousness among adolescents to protect against skin cancer by influencing skin self examination behavior. Method: This quasi experimental intervention study was conducted between February and April 2012 in Izmir. The study population consisted of students attending $6^{th}$, $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ classes of a primary school (n:302). No sampling was performed. Data were collected with a form developed by the researchers based on the literature. The first part of form is aimed to determine demographic characteristics of adolescents (3 questions) and their risk status of skin cancer (6 questions). The second part was prepared for skin cancer risks of adolescents (8 questions) and indications of skin cancer (12 questions). The last part was intended to determine their knowledge about skin self examination (4 questions) and behavioral stages of skin self examination (1 question). Data collection was achieved with a questionnaire form in three phases. In the 1st phase, data about demographic characteristics of students, risk status of skin cancer, knowledge level of skin cancer and behavior stages were collected. In the $2^{nd}$ phase, skin self examination training based on the transtheoretical model was performed within the same day just after obtaining preliminary data. In the $3^{rd}$ phase, adolescents were followed up three times to establish the efficacy of the training (on the $15^{th}$ day after training program and at end of the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ months). Follow-up data were evaluated by questioning skin self examination performing behavior stages through electronic mail. Results: Half of the adolescents (50.5%) are male, and 58.4% of them are 13 years old with a mean age of $12{\pm}1.15$ years. About 29.4% of adolescents had brown hair color, 37.9% had brown/hazel eye color, 29.4% had white skin, and 47.2% had fewer than 10 moles in their body. The pretest mean score on knowledge level about risks of skin cancer was found to be $4.19{\pm}1.96$, while the post-test mean score was $6.79{\pm}1.67$ (min:0, max:8).The pretest mean score about indications of skin cancer was $7.45{\pm}3.76$, while the post-test mean score was $10.7{\pm}2.60$ (min:0, max:12). The increases were statistically significant (p<0.05). The behavior "I do not perform skin self examination regularly in every month and I do not think to perform it in the next 6 months" was reduced from 52.8 to 35.5% after training. Conclusion: The training program organized to raise consciousness among adolescents for protection against skin cancer increased the knowledge level about risks and indications of skin cancer and it also improved the behavior of performing skin self examination.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.63-68
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• 2009

경제적 성장과 주 5일 근무제 시행에 따라 국민들의 삶의 질 향상과 다양한 삶을 추구하고자 하는 가치관의 형성으로 특히 해양에서의 레저 활동의 참여가 증가하고 있다. 다양한 해양 레저 활동 중에서 스킨스쿠버다이빙의 활동이 상대적으로 가장 높은 비율을 차지하고 있지만, 이와 관련한 제도적 체계는 이를 따르지 못하고 있다. 이에 스킨스쿠버다이빙과 관련한 여러 가지 제도적 체계의 현황을 고찰하여 문제점을 확인하고 개선방안을 도출하고자 한다.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this paper is to report the improved contact dermatitis(CD) treated with the herbal medication based on Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system. The level V steroid ointments were no use to the patient 3weeks before the treatment. Methods : In this case, the patient was diagnosed according to 'Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System based on Shanghanlun Provisions' and took Mahwang-tang for 36days since the final diagnosis was Taeyang-byung, number 46 provision. The photographs of patient's hands were taken to observe the process of the skin status and the discomfort from CD was measured with DLQI(Dermatologic Life Quality Index) and NRS(Numeric Rating Scale). Results : The DLQI score changed from 24 to 7 and NRS of itching changed form 8 to under 4. Conclusions : This case report shows that the herbal medication through the diagnostic system could be a remedy on CD, dealing with the skin status with no use of the level V steroid ointments. It is needed proving an alternative possibility of Korean Medicine, on other skin diseases, with later studies since there are many reports on the side-effects after some long-term steroid treatments.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

This study analyzed requirements for medical masks and difference in satisfaction based on demographic characteristics and side effects experience caused by wearing medical masks. Three factors related to requirements for medical masks were identified: wearing comfort and usability, blocking function for harmfulness, and design. As a result of the difference analysis for requirements of medical masks based on demographic characteristics, all three factors showed a significant difference in gender and occupation. Design did in age and monthly income. As a result of the presence or absence of breathing difficulties experience, design factor was significant. As a result of the presence or absence of skin trouble experience, wearing comfort and usability showed a significant difference. As a result of the difference in satisfaction with medical masks based on demographic characteristics and side effect experience caused by wearing medical masks, breathing, ear string tightness, blocking harmful substances, price, and over all wearing comfort showed a significant difference by gender, marital status, age, occupation, and monthly income, and the presence of absence of breathing difficulty experience and skin trouble experience, respectively. As a result of the interaction effect analysis between demographic characteristics and side effects experience caused by wearing medical masks, it showed a significant interaction effect between gender and monthly income, between marital status and monthly income, between monthly income and breathing difficulties experience, and between monthly income and skin trouble experience.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.123-137
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• 2015

Objectives The aim of this clinical study was to find out the changes of vital sign, body composition, skin status before and after combined spa-exercise therapy in participants of middle-aged women. Methods In this study 24 participants of middle-aged women went through 12 weeks of combined spa-exercise therapy. Each week vital sign, body composition, skin status were measured before exercise, which consisted of warming-up, whole body exercise and final exercises bathing in spa ($32{\sim}36^{\circ}C$). Results 1. The average of systolic blood pressure significantly decreased from $126.38{\pm}19.33mmHg$ to $120.46{\pm}11.18mmHg$ after 11 weeks of spa-exercise therapy (p<0.05). 2. The average of moisture of skin significantly increased from $36.83{\pm}3.18$ to $44.21{\pm}7.43$ after 11 weeks of spa-exercise therapy (p<0.05). 3. The average of elasticity of skin significantly increased from $59.75{\pm}3.50$ to $62.63{\pm}2.29$ after 11 weeks of spa-exercise therapy (p<0.05). 4. The average of diastolic blood pressure, pulse, et cetera. didn't significantly change after spa-exercise therapy. Conclusions The results showed that 12 weeks of spa-exercise therapy had significant effect on reducing systolic blood pressure, increasing moisture, elasticity of skin in participants of middle-aged women, which means spa-exercise therapy may be used as a treatment on high blood pressure and cutaneous diseases. Further studies are anticipated to find out other various effects of spa-exercise therapy.