• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.465-479
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• 2016

Some groups do ethical activities (such as ethical slogan t-shirt campaigns) only to complete the requirements for ethical duty; consequently, some people question the effectiveness of those products. The attributes of ethical slogan t-shirts should be considered seriously to reduce skepticism when planning a campaign. Researchers can also suggest a new purpose for ethical t-shirts using an ethical message. In study 1, we conduct a conjoint analysis that suggests realistic multi-attribute choice decisions. The suggested multi-attributes wear design aesthetic (high/low), price (high/low), where we donate (close/far), and the size of firm (big/small). In addition, participations were divided into two groups according to eco-friendly attitudes to confirm differences in choices between two groups. Study 1 showed that price is the most important attribute, but design aesthetic also remains important. In addition, a group that has a high eco-friendly attitude thought "where we donate" was more important than other groups. In study 2, a pre-post approach investigated wearers' attitude changes. We also divided participants into two groups and one group wear high level design aesthetic t-shirts (and vice-versa) to measure the attitude change difference. As a result of study 2, the wearers partially changed their eco-friendly attitudes. The group that wore high design aesthetic t-shirts showed a greater difference than other groups. Through this study, we conclude that customers seriously considered the design aesthetic. Finally, wearing ethical slogan t-shirts can change the attitudes of wearers.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.399-402
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• 2013

An 8-year-old, female, mixed Thoroughbred horse was presented for the evaluation of the left upper eyelid mass with ocular discharge during 4 months. After unilateral surgery, excised eyelid mass and left eye were submitted for diagnosis. Grossly, the removed mass was $6{\times}7{\times}2$ cm in size and dome shape with rough irregular surface. On the cut surface, mass was firm and yellowish white in color. Histopathologically, severely proliferated stratified squamous epithelia were heavily invaginated into dermis, and then formed rete ridge or numerous squamous islands. These neoplastic islands were composed of multiple layers of prickle cells with intercellular bridge and central laminated keratin pearls or necrotic cellular debris. Based on the above results, this case was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma in upper eyelid of horse.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.173-181
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• 1999

To deepen the understanding of shear behaviour in beams without transverse reinforcement, the relative importance of five contributing factors to concrete shear resistance($v_c$), which are i)flexural compression zone, ii)friction at crack faces, iii)dowel action, iv)arch action and recently identified, v)residual tensile stresses across cracks, was explained physically using two analytical methods based on the truss concept. One is called "Modified Compression Field Theory(MCFT)" considering ii) and v) explicitly, and the other "Crack Friction Truss Model(CFTM)" more dominantly ii) in determining concrete resistance. To verify their effectiveness, the predictions using MCFT and CFTM were also made for twenty KAIST beam tests($f'_c$=53.7Mpa), designated more likely to the development of the size effect law based on the fracture mechanics concept. Experimental findings with varying of a/d, longitudinal reinforcement ratios, and obtained from MCFT enabled additional explanations for some phenomena which were difficult to measure in tests. However, MCFT seemed somewhat conservative for beams with higher longitudinal reinforcement, while somewhat unsafe for beams with larger depths. More tests are necessary leading to firm conclusions in these areas.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.179-194
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• 1991

Despite its universal coverage of health insurance, the rural health insurance program(RHIP) stands at the crossroads in Korea. The RHIP has weaknesses in stability of financing, problems of inequities in the provision of health services and has suffered from high cost of running the program. The author has analyzed these problems from the perspective of health insurance policy and presented several options for improvement. First of all, this study urged the importance of a firm Governmental commitment of RHIP with the 50% subsidization of contributions as the Government had promised, instead of the current 40%. This can be justified from the 20% subsidization by the Government for the contributions of private school teachers and their dependents, who belong to richer segments of the population. Second, various cost containment measures ought to be sought curbing the rising demand for medical through strengthening health education and increasing individual responsibility, and tightening the claim review process. Third, this study requires the Government to run a demonstration project on the introduction of case payment system for primary health care. Fourth introducing an income-related cost sharing scheme is another possibility. Reforming the cost sharing formula for large medical expenditures is recommendable for a beginning. This measure can take the form of tax credit for medical expenditures of the poor. Fifth, the degree of financial adjustment among health insurance plans should be levelled up for enhancing stability of RHIP and social solidarity. Sixth, health policy should be redirected toward development of rural health resources and higher priority should be put on relieving difficulties in access to care. Seventh. the insurance plan owned-hospital needs to be developed or provision of health services in the medically underserved areas, and the need of such facilities is particularly acute for geriatric care, rehabilitation and renal dialysis, etc. Eighth, more generous insurance benefits are required of the elderly who are suffering the most : elimination of the maximum 180 days of benefit period and provision of glasses and artificial dentures, etc. Ninth. the economies of scale principle is working for the operating expenses of regional self-employed insurance plan. Thus, measures should be instituted to pursue an optimum size of health insurance plans. Lastly, excessive dependence on exclusion items is an evil so that some radical remedies are urgently required to cut them.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.420-430
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• 2013

In this study, we investigate the current status of family friendly management and determinants of its level. We choose measures about family friendly management and use their results from ESG evaluation model by Korea Corporate Governance Service. We find that firms with larger size, lower leverage and higher firm value are more family friendly. And in contrast to previous studies, firms are more family friendly when they have less women to total employees. But firms with higher largest shareholder holdings are less family friendly. These results show that listed firms in Korea should be more family friendly considering their level of woman employment. Also the interest and support from top management are needed for activating family friendly management, but largest shareholder of korean firms are not active yet.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.125-162
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• 2001

According to the survey results on non-standard employment, most of the non-standard workers are women and work at service jobs and some jobs that do not require firm-specific skill. Also wages of non-standard workers appear to be lower than those of standard workers by 10~19%. Non-standard workers are very much likely to be excluded from beneficiaries of economic growth because job contents and ability are not important relatively as criteria in determining their basic wage and their benefits are also much lower in severance pay and bonuses, vacations, 4 social insurances, education and training opportunities. Because of very low rate of union membership, the working conditions of non-standard workers are not expected to be improvable easily by unions. It seems that the reason of the demand increase for non-standard workers is mainly because not only an individual establishment demands quantitative flexibility in employment, but also there are tendencies of being smaller in establishment size and of growing service industries macro-economically. The number of non-standard workers are expected to increase continuously in the future, too.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.691-703
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the various concepts related to tall buildings, the history of skyscrapers, and their symbolism of our time. First, skyscraper is a word used to describe a very tall building, and the "tall" is a relative concept dependent on time and place. There is no firm height cutoff of skyscrapers, and their practical meaning depends on both time and place. Second, there is academic disagreement over which building should be considered the first skyscraper. Skyscrapers in the modern sense began to emerge in the late nineteenth century. From this point, the world's tallest building was always in the United States (especially, New York and Chicago). However, since the late 1990s, the skyscrapers in Asian countries have taken the title of world's tallest building. Third, skyscrapers are not simply tall buildings, but symbolic images. They are symbols of capitalism, finance, and ambition. The symbolism of the skyscraper has three dimensions, such as the symbolism of height (size), capital (corporate power), and landscape.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-33
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• 2001

Public investment in education has been justified by assumed positive externalities of education. Using the 1995 10% Population and Housing Census and 1998 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study, this study first examines the distribution of human capital across Korean cities and industries, and second, investigates the sizes of external economies of education by exploring how the average schooling of workers in cities and industries affect an individual worker's hourly wage. Generally, the average schooling of workers in the capital region cities is much higher than in other cities and the average schooling of workers in high tech industries is much higher than in other industries. As the average years of schooling in a city increases by one year, workers with the same personal and job characteristics such as sex, education, experience, occupation, and firm size, earn about 3% more. Also as the average years of schooling of workers in an industry increases by one year, the workers with the same personal and job characteristics earns about 5~7% more.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.22-33
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• 2015

This study analyzes the technological level of Korean waste-to-energy(WTE) firms and its determinants by using a multiple logistic regression analysis based on a survey. As the results of analysis, the technological level of Korean WTE firms has been positively influenced by the firm size, R&D expenditures, R&D manpower, but negatively influenced by the competition in domestic market. Also there is no significant effect of the economy of scale. The policy implications of this study are as follows; First, the system in which stakeholders coevolve should be set up to prevent excessive market competition from having a bad effect on the technological level of Korean WTE firms. Second, it is needed to make an effort to achieve the economy of scale by increasing an output and decreasing cost in WTE firms.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.675-685
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• 2011

This paper proposes a job matching function that calculates the job matching probability of a job-seeker to an employer taking the working conditions of a job-seeker and an employer into account. In addition, this study analysis the degree of centrality that means interactions of a job-seeker and an employer utilizing social network analysis. The results are follows. First, a degree of centrality is found to be severely concentrated in certain job-seekers or certain employers; in addition, there are many job-seekers and employers who have no matching results. Second, according to decision tree analysis, characteristics of a job-seeker that influences the degree of centrality are gender, age and degree of education in order of importance. The characteristics of a employer that influences the degree of centrality are proposed salary, industry classification and firm size in order of importance.