• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.681-691
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• 2011

The size distributions of smoke particles from fire are prerequisite for the studies on fire detection and adverse health effects. Above the flame of the fire, coagulation dominates and the smoke particles grow from 1 to 50 nm up to 100 to 3,000 nm, sizes ranging from the free-molecular regime to the continuum regime. The characteristics of the agglomeration of the smoke particles are well known, independently for each of the free-molecular and continuum regimes. However, there are not many systematic studies in the entire regime by the complexity of the mechanisms. The purpose of this work is to find the characteristics of the development of the size distribution of smoke particles by agglomeration in the entire size range covering the free-molecular regime, via transition regime, to the near-continuum and continuum regime for each variation of parameters such as fractal dimension, primary particle size and dimensionless coagulation time. In this work, the dynamic equation for the discrete-size spectrum of the particles was solved using a nodal method based on the modification of a sectional method. In the calculation, the collision frequency function for the entire regime, which is derived by using the concept of collision volume and general enhancement function, was applied. The self-preserving size distribution for the entire regime is compared with the ones for the free-molecular or continuum regimes for each variation of the parameters.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제33권3_4호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2015

We consider an M^X/G/1 retrial queue, where the batch size and service time distributions have finite exponential moments. We show that the tail of the queue size distribution is asymptotically given by a geometric function multiplied by a power function. Our result generalizes the result of Kim et al. (2007) to the M^X/G/1 retrial queue.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.24-31
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• 1994

Aerosol size distribution were determined in Seoul by Anderson sampler from October 1989 to September 1991 for the major ionic species(SO$_{4}$$^{2-}$, NO$_{3}$$^{-}$, Cl$^{-}$, Na$^{+}$, Na$^{+}$, K$^{+}$, Ca$^{2+}$ and Mg$^{2+}$) and TSP( Total Suspended Particles ). The seasonal variations in concentrations and size distribution have been investigated. The size distributions of TSP and each of ionic species were bimodal throughout the year. The size distribution of these ions were divided as follows; (1) fine- mode dominant for SO$_{4}$$^{2-}$ and N%'. (2) coarse- mode dominant for NO$_{3}$$^{-}$, Cl$^{-}$, Ca$^{2+}$ and Mg$^{2+}$. (3) both- mode dominant for TSP.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2008

A size-biased Poisson distribution is defined. Its characterization by using a recurrence relation for first order negative moment of the distribution is obtained. Different estimation methods for the parameter of the model are also discussed. R-Software has been used for making a comparison among the three different estimation methods.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1986

Wear simulation test have been conducted in mild, severe and transient wear regions by a four-ball wear tester. Wear particles are separatively deposited by the RPD technique, and quantitatively analysed in terms of wear particles size distribution. Characteristics of the wear particle size distribution are compare to the results of wear tests through both weibull parameters and center moment method of the weibull distribution function.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.479-488
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• 2007

The elliptic random field is an extension to the Gaussian random field. We proved a theorem which characterizes the elliptic random field. We proposed a heuristic approach to derive an approximation to the distribution of the size of one connected component of its excursion set above a high threshold. We used this approximation to approximate the distribution of the largest cluster size. We used simulation to compare the approximation with the exact distribution.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.347-357
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• 2024

많은 연구에서 비점착성 부유사의 입경분포를 평균입경와 표준편차를 이용해 묘사한다. 그러나 부유사는 크기가 다른 많은 입자의 혼합물로 구성되어 있다. 난류조건에서 부유사의 이동은 크기와 밀도로부터 계산된 침강속도에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 비점착성 부유사의 이동을 이해하려면 입경 분포를 보다 정량적으로 고려하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 난류조건에서 부유사의 입경분포를 모의할 수 있는 간편한 모형화 방법을 제시하는 것이다. 점착성 유사와 비점착성 유사의 차이에 대한 이해를 바탕으로, 점착성 부유사를 위한 추계학적 응집 모형을 비점착성 유사의 입경분포 모의에 적합하도록 수정하였다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 간편법의 적용성을 살펴보기 위해 선행연구의 실험자료에 적용하여 모의 결과와 비교하였다. 수치 모의의 결과를 통해 본 연구에서 제안한 모형이 실험값에서 나타나는 주요한 특성을 모사할 수 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 이를 바탕으로 유사 이동 모형을 사용하여 부유사 입경분포를 모의하는 접근 방식이 부유사 입경분포의 중요한 특성을 이해하기에 효과적이라는 결론을 얻었다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.359-372
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 우리나라 소나무의 공간분포를 추정하고, 소나무 공간분포와 출현패턴을 효과적으로 설명할 수 있는 최적의 격자크기를 제안하였다. 다음으로 최적 격자크기에서 지형인자에 따른 소나무의 출현빈도를 분석하고, 지형인자가 소나무 분포에 미치는 영향력을 비교함으로써 소나무 공간분포를 지형학적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과 1m 격자크기의 DEM은 방위를 동, 서, 남, 북으로 세밀하게 구분하고 소나무도 모든 방위에 분포한 한 반면, 격자크기가 증가함에 따라 주능선에 의해 방위를 동, 서, 남 또는 동, 남과 같이 단순화시켜서 구분할 수 있었으며 소나무 또한 특정 방위에 주로 분포하는 특징을 보였다. 소나무 출현빈도 분석결과 격자크기가 100m일 때 소나무 공간분포 특징을 설명할 수 있었으며, 방위, 경사, TWI가 소나무 공간분포에 미치는 영향력 비교를 통해서는 방위의 영향력이 경사의 영향력보다 크고 경사와 TWI 사이의 영향력 차이는 크지 않은 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.262-269
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• 2003

Nano-sized Ni-ferrite powder was fabricated by spray pyrolysis process using the waste solution resulting from shadow mask processing. The average particle size of the powder was below 100 nm. The effects of the concentration of raw material solution, the nozzle tip size and air pressure on the properties of powder were studied. As the concentration increased, the average particle size of the powder gradually increased and its specific surface area decreased, but size distribution was much wider and the fraction of the Ni-ferrite phase greatly increased as the concentration increasing. As the nozzle tip size increased from 1 mm to 2 mm, the average particle size of the powder decreased. In case of 3 mm nozzle tip size, the average particle size of the powder increased slightly. On the other hand, in case of 5 mm nozzle tip size, average particle size of the powder decreased. Size distribution of the powder was unhomogeneous, and the fraction of the Ni-ferrite phase decreased as the nozzle tip size increasing. As air pressure increased up to 1 kg/$cm^2$, the average particle size of the powder decreased slightly, on the other hand, the fraction of the Ni-ferrite phase was almost constant. In case of 3kg/$cm^2$ air pressure, average particle size of the powder and the fraction of the Ni-ferrite phase remarkably decreased, but size distribution was narrow.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1734-1743
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• 2003

Aerosol generator using an electrically heated tube furnace is a stable apparatus to supply nanometer sized aerosols by using the evaporation and condensation processes. Using this method, we can generate highly concentrated polydisperse aerosols with relatively narrow size distribution. In this work, characteristics of particle size distribution, generated from a tube furnace, were experimentally investigated. We evaluated effects of several operation parameters on particle generation: temperature in the tube furnace, air flow rates through the tube, size of boat containing solid sodium chloride(NaCl). As the temperature increased, the geometric mean diameter increased and the total number concentration also increased. Dilution with air affected the size distribution of the particles due to coagulation. A smaller sized boat, which has small surface area to contact with air, brings smaller particles of narrow size distribution in comparison of that of a larger boat. Finally, we changed the electrical mobility diameter of aggregate sodium chloride particles by varying relative humidity of dilution air, and obtained non-aggregate sodium chloride particles, which are easy to generate exact monodisperse particles.