• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.314-326
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability of a hybrid mobile reading game among 14 parents of children with reading disabilities. The reading game consisted of six steps according to the process of reading (familiarizing with consonants and vowels, acquiring whole words, combining consonants and vowels, reading words, phonological rules, reading fluency). In this study, parents experienced steps one through three of the reading-game app and evaluated the general design features and Universal Design for Learning on a five-point scale. Regarding the general design features, parents rated usability (18 items in total) as high in the following order: interactive design, instructional design, and interface design. Regarding the Universal Design for Learning (9 items in total), parents evaluated usability as high in the following order: providing multiple means of representation, providing multiple means of action and expression, and providing multiple means of engagement. Lastly, suggestions for the improvement of the app, practical implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2018

Background: Presently, a multidisciplinary team of doctors, pharmacists, nurses, and dietitians provides patient education to impart information on chemotherapy. However, studies on multidisciplinary education satisfaction are inadequate. In this study, we aimed to contribute to the improvement of quality of multidisciplinary education counseling for patients with cancer by developing a satisfaction questionnaire and analyzing the satisfaction survey. Methods: A questionnaire was developed by an expert group, and the responses were recorded using the 5-point Likert scale. After conducting a pre-test, factor analysis was performed to evaluate validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A satisfaction survey was conducted by self-administration method. Results: Based on the results of factor analysis, factors can be divided into two parts: "overall education" and "each team member's education" (total 14 questions). The construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire are sufficiently high. Fifty-one patients took the survey between January 2, 2018 and January 20, 2018. Twenty-six (51%) patients responded that they were "very satisfied" and 22 (43.1%) patients responded that they were "satisfied". Conclusion: By developing a questionnaire on multidisciplinary education counseling for patients with cancer, it is possible to perform evaluation and research of cancer patient education. This study will contribute to the management and improvement of quality of multidisciplinary education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.161-164
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• 2008

In recent years, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been widely used for repairing and/or strengthening structural elements in concrete. Not enough test data, however, are available to predict the long-term performance of the repaired and improved structures exposed to weathering. The objective of this research is to study the effect of freeze-thaw cycling on the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear with carbon fiber sheet. Six small-scale RC beams (100mm${\times]$100mm${\times]$400mm) were strengthened with CFRP in shear, subjected to up to 400 cycles freeze-thawing from -17${\sim}4^{\circ}C$, and tested to failure in four-point bending. Test result, there was no significant damage to carbon fiber sheet strengthened concrete beams had been suffered 30 cycles of freeze-thawing, and more over 60 cycles of freezing-thawing brought about a reduction in resistance of only 25% of the initial level.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2004

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to examine and to compare factors causing stress and coping methods between nephrology nurses working in the Hospitals of University and the Hemodialysis Clinics. Method: Data were collected by a direct survey method using a questionnaire from August 13 to August 31, 2001. The sample of 137 nephrology nurses in the twenty-one Hospitals of University and 168 nephrology nurses in the twenty-six Hemodialysis Clinics were selected for a total sample of 305 nurses. Result: Stress according to general characteristics showed a significant difference in religion and in the level of satisfaction for their work. Stress score was the highest in the nurses whose religion was Buddhism(F=4.846, P=0.008) and in the group with 'dissatisfied' for the work in the Hemodialysis unit(F=3.193, P=0.014). The results analyzed coping method according to the general characteristics had a significant difference only in religion(F=16.237, P=0.000). The score for the coping method was the highest in Buddism. The score compared the satisfaction level for their work according to the hospital type, were 3.55 in the Hospital of University group and 3.35 in the Hemodialysis clinic group and these two values were significant different(p<0.05). The mean score of the stress nephrology nurses in the Hospitals of University is 2.79 and that of the stress nephrology nurses in the Hemodialysis clinics is 2.78 of 4 point scale. Among the factors causing stress, items related nursing work and conflict in nurse-patient relationship significantly caused more stress to the nephrology nurses in the Hospitals of University than to those in the Hemodialysis clinics(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that there were some differences in the stress and coping methods between nephrology nurses in the hospitals of University and the Hemodialysis clinics. Further study related to stress management program is needed to decrease stress and use effective coping methods.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.39
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to assess correlation between pain and degenerative bony changes on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Methods: Two hundred eighty-three temporomandibular joints with degenerative bony changes were evaluated. Pain intensity (numeric rating scale, NRS) and pain duration in patients with degenerative joint disease (DJD) were also analyzed. We classified condylar bony changes on CBCT into five types: osteophyte (Osp), erosion (Ero), flattening (Fla), subchondral sclerosis (Scl), and pseudocyst (Pse). Results: Degenerative bony changes were the most frequent in the age groups of 10~19, 20-29, and 50~59 years. The most frequent pain intensity was "none" (NRS 0, 34.6%) followed by "annoying" (NRS 3-5, 29.7%). The most frequent condylar bony change was Fla (219 joints, 77.4%) followed by Ero (169 joints, 59.7%). "Ero + Fla" was the most common combination of the bony changes (12.7%). The frequency of erosion was directly proportional to NRS, but the frequency of osteophyte was inversely proportional. The prevalence of Ero increased from onset until 2 years and gradually decreased thereafter. The prevalence of Osp, Ero, and Pse increased with age. Conclusions: Osp and Ero can be pain-related variables in degenerative joint disease (DJD) patients. "Six months to 2 years" may be a meaningful time point from the active, unstable phase to the stabilized late phase of DJD.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.250-257
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• 2014

Objectives: This study examined the impact of perceived volume on satiety using normal rice bowl, diet rice bowl and small rice bowl. Methods: Thirty-six normal weight college female students participated in this study once a week for 3 weeks. Three hundred grams of fried rice in a normal rice bowl (1st week), 300 g of fried rice in a diet rice bowl (2nd week), and 300 g of fried rice in small rice bowl (3rd week) were served to the same participants over three consecutive weeks. After each lunch, the consumption volume of fried rice and the satiety rate were measured. Results: The consumption volume of fried rice was 248 g (414.5 kcal) with a normal rice bowl, 254 g (429.8 kcal) with a diet bowl, and 270 g (456.8 kcal) with a small rice bowl. Results showed that the subjects who were eating from the small rice bowl ate more fried rice (p<0.05) than eating from the normal rice bowl and diet rice bowl. However, the satiety rate of fried rice in a diet rice bowl was significantly higher than that of normal rice bowl and small rice bowl (p<0.05). The five point scale of perceived volume on fried rice served normal rice bowl, diet rice bowl and small rice bowl were 2.4, 4.0 and 2.1. Conclusions: The visual cue plays a critical role in determining satiety and that perceived volume is perhaps more important than actual volume of consumed food in determining the level of fullness.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.288-295
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• 2014

Background: The pharmacy education system in South Korea has changed from four-year degree program to two-year pre-pharmacy program plus four-year professional degree program (a total of six years) since 2009. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess final year student's satisfaction on this new pharmacy education system and to explore factors related to student satisfaction. Methods: A paper-and-pencil survey instrument was administered to all final year pharmacy students at four universities located in South Korea during September of 2014. The self-administered questionnaire contained 39 items. In part 1, the quality of education with regards to school utilities, education system, human resources, and communication domains were measured. In part 2, overall satisfactions with the new education system were asked to students. Responses were recorded on a seven point Likert scale. Results: A total of 207 students were participated in this study. Students showed low satisfaction on school utilities and standardization of education while they displayed high level of satisfaction on the quality of the faculty members and preceptors at clerkship sites. Factor analysis showed that education service was the most significant factor that affects students' satisfaction followed by facilities, standardized education, communication, administration, pharmacy practice (p<0.05). Conclusion: The qualification of faculty and preceptors ranked number one in students' satisfaction and it was the most significant factor. School facilities were found to be the second most significant factor in students' satisfaction while students displayed poor satisfaction. The study results might need to be reflected in future education planning to improve students' satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.223-232
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• 2014

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is often employed to quantify the environmental impact of a product in a comprehensive manner. The aspects of performance and usability as well as that of eco-friendliness should be considered in an integrated manner for the market competitiveness of an eco-friendly product. The present study developed a product improvement plan for an eco-friendly electric heater by benchmarking two small-size electric heaters (companies 'H' and 'T') in terms of performance, usability, and eco-friendliness. The performance measurements such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, and power consumption were collected while the two heaters were operated in a laboratory setting. Then, the usability evaluations such as aesthetics, operation satisfaction, performance satisfaction, and overall satisfaction were surveyed for the two heaters using a 5-point scale (1 for very unsatisfied and 5 for very satisfied). Lastly, the LCA analysis was conducted by following the six-step process of eco-friendly product design provided by KEITI. The analysis results of the two products being integrated with the aspects of product, service, and user, four design improvement directions such as eco-efficient, smart, modularized, and user-support were recommended for an eco-friendly electric heater. These proposed concepts would be useful to develop an eco-friendly electric heater design with a high level of market competitiveness.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.123-136
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• 2019

This paper is a study on the development and consumer preference of the soup stew HMR new products, and the main contents are as follows. A total of nine products were studied, including three developed products and six market products. For this study, the demographic characteristics, the awareness and attitude of HMR products were investigated. In addition, the consumer panel evaluated overall liking, appearance, color, flavor, and taste using the nine-point recertification scale, while the strength assessed viscosity, sweetness, saltiness, sourness, and Umami. Familiarity, health degree, Purchase intention and Recommendation intention were investigated and the reasons for preference and non preference were analyzed by multi-response method. The consumer preference analysis indicates that the product is competitive among existing products and that it would be desirable to improve after identifying the causes of non-preferred factors.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.41-48
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• 2021

Objectives To determine the evidence of effectiveness and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with meridian and acupoint theory for knee osteoarthritis. Methods By March 3, 2021, five foreign electronic databases and six Korean medical electronic databases were reviewed with the key words 'extracorporeal shock wave' and '(acupoint OR acupuncture point)'. This key words was set up to increase the sensitivity of the search. After the search, knee osteoarthritis study was selected based on the title and abstract and then included after full-texts were read. Results Five randomized controlled trials were eligible in our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis of three studies showed positive results for the using ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory for knee osteoarthritis compared with the control group on efficancy rate, visual analog scale and lysholm knee score. but there remains a conundrum regarding the safety of ESWT in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Conclusions Most of studies showed ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory were statistically effective to knee osteoarthritis. However there are limitations that the number of selected studies was small, risk of bias was unclear. So use of ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory for knee arthritis has limited evidence compared to usual care.