• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.891-898
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop the effects of site environmental factors on estimation of site index function for Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher stands. We derived nonlinear growth equation and the draw site index curves by applying this estimated equation. This study with Chapman-Richards function showed significant P-value which was less then 0.0001 and $R^2$ value 0.5947. This study was conducted to develop the feasible site index equation of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher. For the table, the data of 82 sample areas that were thought to be without errors among the data of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher sample area located on the value-oriented forest location chart were used and estimated. After analyzing the quantification method I based on 13 environmental factors to develop the score table for the site-index estimation of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher, $R^2$ value of the model was 0.7555. It has been analyzed that the scope value of Soil moisture in horizon A was 7.5045, that of total soil depth was 6.3896, that of topography was 5.3471, that of slope was 4.7000 and that of aspect was 3.2038. After analyzing the partial correlation to examine the factors that affected most the site-index of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher, it has been noted that the partial correlation of climatic zone was 0.4987, which was highest, and it was followed by Soil moisture in horizon A (0.4592), slope (0.4537), topography (0.3299) and total soil depth (0.1035). As a result of conducting the significance test for partial correlation, it has been found that topography, climatic zone, parent rock, slope, altitude, aspect, Soil moisture in horizon A, soil hardness in horizon A and total soil depth were recognized significant with 1% of significance level and sedimentary type and soil texture in horizon A were recognized significant with 5% of significance level.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1991

The early vegetational recovery and species diversity were investigaed in burned pine forest of Mt. Todoksn from 1986 to 1990. The changes of vegetation in the burned site occurred Miscanthus→Miscanthus-Lespedeza→Lespedeza community. The biological spectra based on SD(%) and SP(%) of the burned site were similar to the unburned site with H---e type. The degree of succession(DS) was gradually increased with succession in burned site. The species diversity index(H') and evenness index(e) were declining successional trend, nut dominance index(C) inclining successional trend in the burned site. The domiance-diversity curves of the burned site showed gradual decrease in diversity and evenness, and then slopes of them were progressively steep in early successional stage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2007

The objectives of this study were to derive site index and stem volume prediction equation based on stem analysis data for Larix leptolepis in Jinan region. The function for site index was developed by algebraic difference equation method. Polymorphic site index family curves with base age of 40 were presented based on the Schumacher height equation. The best stem volume prediction equation was suggested as $V=0.00260+0.00000399D^2H$. The simultaneous F-test using this equation showed that the estimated tree stem volumes were not significantly different (${\alpha}=0.05$ level) from the observed stem volumes for model evaluation. Therefore, site index and volume prediction equations prepared in this study could provide an indication of site quality and basic information for making of yield table, and could be used for rational forest management of Larix leptolepis stands grown in Jinan region.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.33-47
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of eco-friendly restoration in forested bog on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 1,071 individuals, 60 species, 40 families, 13 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. At the control and Site 3(small dam), the number of species and individuals were larger than that of other sites, and EPT group ratio was same as well. Considered by index, the dominance index (DI) was found the highest at the biotope area. The diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) were the highest at the control and Site 3. In addition, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest at site 3, while the lowest at biotope area. The stability and recovery of benthic macrointebrates showed different according to restoration types at forested bog. After restoration project, the benthic macroinvertebrates were observed to get recovery at Site 3, and to have the highest communities stability at control and Site 3. At biotope areas (Site 4, Site 5 and Site 6) communities stability were the lowest, but showed different community stability values according to the presence of water. It is confirmed that the eco-friendly restoration projects indeed provided the better environment for the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The change of community index depending on the restoration projects suggests that the eco-friendly restoration can provide a more suitable environment for benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystem that prefers the stream environment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.285-295
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• 1989

This report is results of an investigation on the secondary succession and species diversity of the burned area. Fifty hectares of pine forest was burned by the crown fire of the spring (April 6) 1986. The results obtained from spring 1989 were summarized as follows: In the burned area , site and unburned area (U), the vascular plant fo 69 kinds, 49 kinds and 24 kinds were lsted respectively. The life form spectrum of burned area was H---e type, which is common type in most burned area and that unburned area, H---e type. The species diversity (H)and evenness index (e) of burned area (, site) were H=2.51, 1.65 and e=0.59, 0.44 and those of unburned area (U) were H=1.28 and e=0.40. The similarity index was the value of 0.594 in - and 0.236 in -U site. The similarity between and site was greater than between site and U site, and that between and U-site, The dominance index (c) of , and U-site was 0.16, 0.39 and 0.42 respectively. The succession degree (DS) of , and U-site was 244.0, 227.6 and 854.4 respectively. Soil pH, available phosphorous, and exchangeable potassium in the burned area were higher than those in the unburned area, and total nitrogen, organic carbon, and C/N ratio in the burned area were higher than those in the unburned area, and organic matter in the burned area was higher than that in the unburned area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.387-392
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• 2005

The research was performed to predict the potential landslide with roughness index. It was known that fractal dimension and surface area index can be represented the topography, specially when the natural slopes were rough or rugged. A test site was selected and fractal dimension and surface area index were calculated from the irregular triangle network. Fractal dimension were ranged between $2.016{\sim}2.046$ and surface area index $1.56E+07{\sim}2.59E+07$. Surface area index increased as fractal dimension increased. Slope stability was calculated by infinite slope stability analysis model and was compared to slope stability by fractal and surface area index. In the result, unsafe zones where slope stability is under 1.1 were $5.11{\sim}6.25%$ for the test site. It can be said that fractal dimension and surface area index are a good index to evaluate the slope stability because when fractal dimension and surface area index are greater, then stability of the site is more unsafe.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2002

Purpose: Surgical Site Infection(SSI) is the third most common cause of nosocomial infection, so that it results in serious socioeconomic impact such as extra hospitalization, mortality and health care cost. The aim of this study was to analyses the SSI that based on the degree of wound contamination and patient risk index after general surgery and to generate a reference data for the effective management and reducing SSI. Method: From July, 1999 to June, 2000, 1080 cases which presented with surgical site infection after general surgery at S hospital in chunchon city were included in this study. The data were collected by review of the medical records retrospectively. The collected data, in accordance with the test purpose, is analyzed by SPSS/PC+ program, using real numbers, percentage, $X^2$ test, Pearson's correlation and stepwise logistic regression. Result: The overall wound infection rate was 4.7%(51 cases out of 1,080). The infection rate of clean wounds was 1.4%. Surgical site infection rate for patient risk index scores of 0, 1, 2 and 3 was 1.9%, 8.0%, 13.1% and 20.0%, respectively and increased significantly according to patient risk index(p=.000). Sixteen of the fifty one(31.4%) surgical site infections were found during an outpatient visit after discharge. Multivariate analysis, identified two independent variables : duration of postoperation stay(p=.000), age(p=.037). The most frequent isolated organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(21%) and Staphylococcus aureus(21%). Also Staphylococcus aureus were all MRSA(Methicillin Resistant S. aureus). Conclusion: In this study, SSI was analysed according to the degree of wound contamination and patient risk index after general surgery. The data that obtained from this study is expected that it would be available for surveillance and control of SSI.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 1999

This research describes the construction of a site index equation and curves for Douglas-fir plantation (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco) in Nelson, New Zealand. The data sets of 146 Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) were used to build the model, and it was developed using the difference equation method. Parameter estimates were obtained using the non-linear routine of the SAS, PROC NLIN procedure. Of the models tested, a variant of the Schumacher polymorphic yield function showed the higher precision of fitting. About 95% of the observations used to fit the model could be predicted within ${\pm}1.2m$ of the actual values. Therefore, polymorphic family of site index curves, which reflect different shapes for the different site index classes, were derived from the Schumacher equation. It was found that the polymorphic site index equation was more accurate than the anamorphic equation in this study.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2015

This study was conducted to develop a large scale map of species-specific plantation sites based on selected environmental variables such as topography, soil, and climatic factors in Namwon city. Site index equations by tree species were first regressed to 27 environmental variables that could influence the productivity of forest sites using digital forest site maps, digital climate maps, and the 5th National Forest Inventory data. Site index equations by tree species were all evaluated to estimate site productivity using 4-5 environmental variables, and the models' reliability was confirmed based on evaluation statistics. The determination coefficients of site index equations by species ranged from 0.42 to 0.76. With the site index equations, the site conditions appropriate for productive sites by species were considered to assess spatial distribution of productive areas for each species. The final map for optimal plantation in Namwon city was produced based on both site index equations and site conditions appropriate for productive sites by each species using GIS technique. Field survey was conducted to evaluate the suitability of selected species on the map of species-specific plantation sites. Results showed that the plantation map provides relatively reasonable spatial distribution of productive areas for selected species. It was revealed, however, that the sites evaluated as 'not suitable' for any tree species should be revised and complemented with additional information, especially with the site conditions appropriate for productive sites by species of interest. The outcomes of this study are expected to provide information for making customized species-specific plantation maps.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.88 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 1999

Loblolly(Pinus taeda L.) and slash(Pinus elliottii Engelm.) pines are the most important timber producing species in the Southern United States. Site index equations to estimate site index curves(base age 25 years) for loblolly pine and slash pine plantations have been developed based on long-term repeated measurement data sets. To check magnitude of errors in estimating site index, each cumulative measurement cycle data sets and all combined data sets were used to recalculate site index values. The Chapman-Richards' growth function was selected for stand height prediction. Anamorphic base age invariant site index curves were presented based on this height prediction equation. Statistics used in the evaluation were mean of the differences and mean of the absolute differences. For plantation ages less than 5 years, site index values showed very sensitive fur both species based on the evaluation test.