• 환경위생공학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1998

It has been referred as a problem that heat source/sink is distance from heat demand area in using unused energy. To solve the distance problem in using unused energy, the water from city water system like tap water, rain water, waste water used as unused energy. To survey the potential of the water of city water system, it is developed that the calculation method of the potential using unit method. The amount of theoretical unused energy and energy saving in the Osaka City, Japan were estimated by using that method.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2018

Implementation of mitigation options on land is important for realisation of the goals of the Paris Agreement to stabilize temperature at $2^{\circ}C$. In India, the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) targets include a forestry goal of creation of carbon sinks of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes by 2030. There are however, multiple barriers to implementation of forestry mitigation options in India. They include environmental, social, financial, technological and institutional barriers. The barriers are varied not just across land categories but also for a land category depending on its regional location and distribution. In addition to these barriers is the impeding climate change that places at risk realisation of the mitigation potential as rising temperatures, drought, and fires associated with projected climate change may lead to forests becoming a weaker sink or a net carbon source before the end of the century.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2006

The increase in environmental loads and energy consumptions has resulted in the need of developed new forms of energy for a sustainable use for the society. Recently, the viability of using unused energy has attracted a great deal of attention. From the view point of using unused energy, the most critical problem can be referred to as the distance between the heat source/sink and heat demand area. The water resource in the city water system was used to solve this distance problem with unused energy. The calculation method of the potential use unit was used to survey the potential of the water resource in the city water system. The amount of theoretical unused energy and energy savings in the model city were estimated using this method. It is estimated that the amounts of energy savings and $CO_2$ reduction correspond to 131.3 GWh and 29280[t-C], respectively, per annual basis.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.357-362
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• 2009

As a unutilized energy, treated sewage water locates widespread near urban areas. From the previous survey, the sewage water is reported to hold energy potential up to 36,000 Tcal/year, which was 2.1% of the total domestic energy consumption and 9.7% of the energy usage in the household and business sector in 2006. Temperature of the sewage water differs locally, but its range is observed in a range of $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ in summer and $8{\sim}13^{\circ}C$ in winter. Since the temperature range of the sewage water has a better seasonal distribution about $5{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ compared to ambient air, it is a promising heat sink for summer or heat source for winter. The sewage water is also a high quality heat source from its abundant quantity and uniform temperature. Considering the ambient temperature of Korea is very low in winter, a heat pump system using the sewage water can be an alternative to prevent problems of capacity deficiency and frost formation.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 사과 '후지'/M9의 생육기간 중 조기낙엽 피해가 발생하였을 때 영향을 알아보기 위하여 인위적으로 적엽 처리하여 광합성과 탄수화물의 변화를 측정하였다. 눈의 재발아율은 대조구, 50% 처리구, 80% 처리구에서 각각 2.1%, 45.9%, 82.7%로 매우 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 적엽처리 후 남은 잎의 자당(sucrose)와 전분 함량을 측정한 결과 모든 처리구에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또한 대조구와 50% 처리구에서는 총 유리당의 변화도 크지 않았다. 반면 80% 처리구에서 총 유리당과 sorbitol의 함량은 처리 후 14일동안 꾸준히 감소하였으며, 이것은 대조구에 비하여 높은 sink로서의 탄수화물요구가 일어난 것으로 추정된다. 뿌리에서의 전분 축적은 적엽처리 정도가 심할수록 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 광합성속도와 기공전도도는 80% 처리구에서 처리 후 14일동안 꾸준히 유의하게 증가하였다. 광합성 속도의 상승은 남아있는 source 잎에서의 삼투포텐셜이 증가하여 발생한 것으로 판단된다. 이는 적엽처리로 인하여 눈의 당년 2차 재발아에 필요한 sink의 탄수화물 요구가 갑작스럽게 일어나게 됨으로써 남아있는 잎에서 광합성이 증가한 것으로 추정된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.547-548
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• 2018

Phloem network integrates cellular energy status into post-embryonic growth, and development by tight regulation of carbon allocation. Phloem development involves complicated coordination of cell fate determination, cell division, and terminal differentiation into sieve elements (SEs), functional conduit. All of these processes must be tightly coordinated, for optimization of systemic connection between source supplies and sink demands throughout plant life cycle, that has substantial impact on crop productivity. Despite its pivotal role, surprisingly, regulatory mechanisms underlying phloem development have just begun to be explored, and we recently identified a novel translational regulatory network involving RNA G-quadruplex and a zinc-finger protein, JULGI, for phloem development. From this perspective, we further discuss the role of RNA G-quadruplex on post-transcriptional control of phloem regulators, as a potential interface integrating spatial information for asymmetric cell division, and phloem development.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 1996

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni PG-14 is a gram-positive soil bacterium producing mosquitocidal parasporal inclusions composed of several crystal proteins. Among these crystal protein genes, cryIVD gene is one of major component which has 72 kDa in size. However, these parasporal inclusions sink quickly from the surface of water where mosquito larval feeding occurred. To develope mosquitocidal cyanobacterium, therefore, we constructed the expression vector, pCYASK 5-1 harboring cryIVD gene. The expression vector, pCYASK5-1 was transformed into the cyanobacterium Syne- chocystis PCC6803 reported as a natural mosquito larval food source and the transformants were selected with kanamycin. Expression of IVD gene in transformant was characterized by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and immunoblot analysis. The mosquitocidal activity of a transformant was determined with Culex tritaeniorhynchus. The results showed that, the transformed cyanobacterium is toxic to mosquito larvae and will be expected as a potential agent that is used for mosquito control.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 센서네트워크를 위한 라우팅 프로토콜인 EAR의 문제점을 제안하고 이를 효율적으로 해결하기 위한 에너지 효율적인 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 라우팅 프로토콜은 노드들 간의 흡수와 에너지 고갈유무, 그리고 에너지 보유량을 동시에 고려함으로서 EAR에 존재하는 잠재적인 네트워크 분할이나 센싱 홀과 같은 문제점을 효율적으로 해결할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 라우팅 프로토콜은 기존의 라우팅 프로토콜의 문제점을 효율적으로 해결하면서 장점을 그대로 유지할 수 있는 특징을 갖는다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.585-594
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• 2000

Through an application of Micrometerorological methods, we conducted measurements of Hg fluxes from Nan-Ji-Do which is well known as one of the major local areal sources in Seoul metropolitan area during Match/April of 2000. In the course of our study, we determined the concentration gradients of total gaseous Hg(between 20 and 2000 cm heights) and combined these data with Micrometerorological components to derive is fluxes. It turned out that emission from and dry deposition to soil surfaces occurred at the ratio of 72:27 from a total of 271 hourly measurements. The validity of measured concentration gradients( or resulting fluxes) was evaluated in terms of percent gradient. Accordingly, about more than 95% of gradient data derived were statistically significant. The mean fluxes of Hg across soil-air interface, when computed using the concentrations gradients and relevant parameters, were found at 253(during emission) and -846ng/$m^2$/h(during dry deposition) The occurrences of abnormalously high exchange rates appear to be the combined effects of enormously high gradient values and high transfer coefficients. While the emissions of Hg occurred constantly during the whole study periods, the occurrences of dry deposition events were observed most intensively during very limited time periods(3/29 and 4/3). The results of our study cleary indicated that the studied area is a strong local areal source, while exhibiting great potential as a major sink simultaneously.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제15권E호
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• pp.39-43
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• 1999

To help idntify the potential sources of volatile organic sulfur compounds within the continental environment, we have conducted preliminary measurements of dimethylsulfide(DMS) during field campains held from three reference sites. These sampling sites were located within a waste reclamation facility in Won Ju City, Kang Won Province. The results of our measurements showed that DMS levels spanned over 1 to 55 pptv with a mean and 1 standard deviation(1SD) of 12 and 18 pptv(N=13). In a comparison of the data derived from the strongest sources, i.e., oceanic environment, the DMS levels in thre reclamation facility were jpronouncingly low with high day-to-night concentration ratios. It was noted that a significant difference in DMS levels between daytime and nighttime periods was mainly driven by a few exceptional data measured during daytime. Despite limitations of our measurement data in deriving meaningful interpretations of spatiotemporal distributions of DMS in inland facilities, the existence of extraordinary trends, i.e., especially "lower-than-expectedL" DMS values, can be explained in terms of mixed effects of several factors. Most importantly, we can infer that the rates of DMS production and of its destruction in the study site are at or near steady-state condition. Another possibility is that DMS is not adequate enough to explain the generally malordorous environment of reclamation sites, of particular in Won Ju area.n Ju area.