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http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2017.26.4.291

Changes in Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Reserves of 'Fuji'/M9 Apple trees in Response to Early Defoliation at Growing Period  

Jeong, Jae Hoon (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Han, Jeom Hwa (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Ryu, Suhyun (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Han, Hyun Hee (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Kwon, YongHee (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Do, Gyung-Ran (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Yim, Sun-Hee (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Lee, Han-Chan (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
Publication Information
Journal of Bio-Environment Control / v.26, no.4, 2017 , pp. 291-296 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of early defoliation on photosynthesis and carbohydrate reserves when the source leaves of 'Fuji'/M9 apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees were removed during the growing period. Bud regrowth rates of 80%, 50% defoliation and non-defoliation treatments were significantly different 82.7%, 45.9% and 2.1% respectively at 30 days after treatment. In all treatments, sucrose and starch concentrations in remaining leaves decreased non-significantly during the 14-day period. No significant changes were observed for total soluble carbohydrates in non-defoliation and 50% defoliation. However, in 80% defoliated treatments, concentrations of sorbitol and total soluble carbohydrates in remaining leaves declined steadily during the 14-day period. It is thought that high sink strength increases the requirements of carbohydrate from remaining leaves more than non-defoliated. The concentrations of starch in the roots tend to decrease non-significantly as percentage of defoliation increased. Photosynthesis of remaining leaves was monitored during the 14-day period after partial defoliation treatments. Net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and stomatal conductance were significantly enhanced in the 80% defoliation. The observed photosynthetic enhancement following partial defoliation may have been due to the enhancement of osmotic potential in leaves. These results were estimated that increasing of photosynthetic rate in the partial defoliation is due to the sink carbohydrate requirements for the current year's secondary growth of buds.
Keywords
bud regrowth; Malus domestica Borkh.; starch; total soluble carbohydrate;
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