• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1997

This study is about understanding the single elderly's view on remarriage and finding factors that affect the remarriage which should provide basic data for the future research on the single elderly's view on remarriage. 251 single elderly men and women (divorced or widowed) were asked to answer the survey questionnaire which also involved individual interviews. A brief summary of the results of this study is as following. The elderly's view on remarriage significantly varies according to the factors like sex age and the number of children of the elderly cause of being single degree of loneliness need for remarriage degree of satisfaction out previous marriage prior remarriage experience. The degree of satisfaction out of previous marriage is high when they maintain cordial relationship with their children and the cause of breakup of marriage is death and the degree of loneliness is high and the period of the previous marriage is long while the period of being single afterward is short. Women's expectation level of remarriage is significantly different in most variables. But that of men's is not different significantly different in most variables. But that of men's is not different significantly in most variables. The satisfaction of the first marriage and the expectation level of remarriage are in positive correlation.

• 한국인구학
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-25
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• 2010

본 글은 여성과 남성의 이동행동 차이 뿐 아니라 여성의 가족 내에서의 성역할과 경제활동 배경에 따라 여성집단 내부에서 이동행동에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 살펴보고, 이러한 차이가 그들의 사회활동참여나 활동공간 등에 대해 가지는 함의를 살펴보고자 하였다. 분석 자료는 통계청의 2004년 "생활시간조사" 원자료(raw data)로 시간량 데이터와 시간대 데이터를 이용하였으며 분석대상은 20세 이상 59세 이하의 서울시민이다. 분석결과 여성의 이동행동 특성은 남녀의 차이가 나타나는 부분도 있고, 또한 여성집단 내에서 혼인지위, 미취학아동의 유무, 경제활동상태, 소득수준 등과 관련하여 성별 차이보다도 더 큰 여성집단 내부의 차이를 가지는 경우도 있었다. 즉 여성의 이동시간량은 남성보다 적고, 남성은 유급노동관련 이동시간량이 그리고 여성은 무급노동관련 이동시간량이 많으며, 여성은 남성보다도 낮 시간대에 주로 이동행동이 발생하고 버스 지하철, 보도 등 대중교통수단을 이용한 이동시간량과 이동행위자비율이 높았다. 반면 미혼여성은 남성보다도 이동시간량이 많고, 경제활동을 하거나 개인소득수준이 높은 여성들은 시간대별 이동행위자비율, 이동목적별 이동시간량 등에서 남성과 비슷한 이동행동 특성을 보여 혼인경험자나 미취학자녀가 있어 성역할 부담이 부과되는 지위에 있는 여성과 많은 차이를 가지고 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Background: Investigation in gender differences of kinetics and kinematics for individuals with patellar femoral pain syndrome (PFPS) was not sufficiently performed. Objects: The purpose of this study is that whether there is a difference depending on gender from muscle activity and strength and knee valgus angle during controlled single-leg squat which is widely used as clinical movement test for the patient with PFPS. Methods: 20 young adults (10 men, $20.0\pm}2.1$years; 10 women, $20.4{\pm}2.1$years) with PFPS were voluntarily recruited in this study. Muscle activity and strength and knee valgus angle were collected during single-leg squat. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the differences between groups of male and female. Results: Rectus femoris (t=-2.204, p=.041) and vastus medialis oblique (t=-2.151, p=.045) muscle activity of women were significantly higher than male group. Normalized muscle strength of hip and knee muscles showed a significant difference between men and women (p<.05). Valgus angle of the knee in women (t=-2.450, p=.025) were increased significantly than men. Conclusion: The therapist would consider the characteristics of these gender differences during performing movement test, exercise, and education for the individuals with PFPS.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.241-257
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate emotional characteristics of healthy adults using the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-Short Form (CSEI-s) and to investigate the correlation between the CSEI-s and Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale (K-PSS). Methods: Overall, 2,178 healthy adults aged ≥19 years who completed the CSEI-s and K-PSS in a nationwide multicenter study were included in this study. One-way analysis of variance was performed to identify associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests were performed for multiple comparisons. Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to examine the correlation between each emotion and stress. Results: Scores of all emotions except for joy (喜) and stress were significantly greater in women than in men. However, the score of joy (喜) in women was significantly less than that in men. There were significant differences in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), fear (恐), and fright (驚) according to age groups in both men and women. The score of depression (憂) was significantly lower in women attending or graduating from graduate school than in those attending or graduating from undergraduate school. Significantly lower scores in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), sorrow (悲), fear (恐), and fright (驚) were observed in married men than in single men. There were significant positive correlations between depression (憂) and stress and between sorrow (悲) and stress in both men and women. Conclusions: There were significant associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics in healthy adults.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.114-118
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to estimate one mouthful volume in a single swallow and average volume per swallow (AVS) in multiple swallows in the situation of toxic liquid poisoning. Methods: Thirty five men and 35 women were included in this study. Each subject was asked to drink one swallow and three consecutive swallows from bottle containing water and a bottle containing saline separately. We calculated one mouthful volume in a single swallow and AVS in three swallows. One mouthful volume and AVS were compared according to sex and content, respectively. One mouthful volume of water and saline was then compared with AVS of each. Results: Sixty seven adults(34 men; $26.9{\pm}3.2$ years, 33 women; $25.6{\pm}2.4$ years) completed the study. Men had larger one mouthful volume of water($49.1{\pm}19.9$ ml vs $39.7{\pm}10.2$ ml, p=0.02) and saline($20.7{\pm}10.9$ ml vs $14.0{\pm}4.6$ ml, p=0.004) and AVS of water($28.5{\pm}11.9$ ml vs $21.5{\pm}5.9$ ml, p=0.004) and saline($11.9{\pm}6.3$ ml vs $7.9{\pm}2.0$ ml, p=0.001) than women. One mouthful volume and AVS of saline swallow were lower than those of water swallow. AVS of three consecutive swallows was lower than one mouthful volume in water and saline swallow. Conclusion: We suggest that one mouthful volume in a single swallow is 21 ml in men and 14 ml in women and AVS in multiple swallows is 12 ml in men and 8 ml in women. AVS in multiple swallows is two-threefold lower than reference values(20~30 ml) commonly used in poisoning study.

• 복식
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.52-64
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Seon that was expressed in the costumes of worldly figures illustrated in Koryo Buddhist paintings. Findings of the study can be summarized as follows. Out of the above mentioned costumes, except those for Buddha and Bodhisattava, most were actually worn by people of Koryo. Shown in the paintings, the patterns and decorations of Seon are more brilliant and diverse in part of worldly figures than in that of Buddhist figures. For men, Seon was mainly used to robes for Buddhist priest while, for women, costumes for the queen and noble women. Seon was applied to costumes for both men and women, especially Po for ritual purposes. Besides, it was sometimes used to Buddhist priests' robes and women's Banbi and chima. The patterns of Seon were usually single in composition style and scattering in arrangement style. Whether applied to costumes for men or women, Seon usually had complementary colors that were harmonized.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.211-224
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate premarital preparation of single men and women. The number of subjects was 393 premarital couples(196 males and 197 females) in Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, Gwangju, Pusan and Daegu. The self-administered questionnaire was composed of premarital preparation evaluation scale developed by Kim Hye Seon & Shin Soo Ah(2002). The data was analyzed by frequencies, percentages, mean, Cronbach's α, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan-test. The major findings were as follows: First, the level of premarital preparation status was somewhat higher than average and the level of premarital preparation awareness was very high. Second, preparation status of premarital couples was shown significant difference by some variables including sex, age, occupation, the period of dating, religion. Third, preparation awareness of premarital couples was shown a significant difference by some variables including sex, age, academic ability, the period of dating.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes and the perceptions toward a single life and life satisfaction among male and female singles. In this study, a total of 160 singles aged 30 to 39 were interviewed using a questionnaire on socio-economic status, the attitudes and perceptions toward a single life, and life satisfaction. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages and chi-square. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1) the socio-economic status of singles are higher than that of the married ones, showing a high level of income, education, and jobs. The 54.4% of the respondents showed that they remained as singles, because they have not met desirable partners yet, and the 20.9% answer that the main reasons for being a single are working and studying. The attitudes and the perceptions toward a single life were measured in six areas; freedom, self-achievement, self-development, institutional pressure. anxiety of support systems, and sex discrimination toward singles. The freedom of a single life was shown to have significant relationships with education and income. The self-achievement, self-development, and the level of anxiety about support systems were shown to be related to the sex of singles, indicating that single women got more benefits than single men. Single men experienced more institutional pressures such as marriage pressures and filial piety than single women. There was no difference in the level of acceptance to live as a single in terms of sex. Finally, life satisfaction with a single life turned to have significant relationships with sex, age, education, and income.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.166-174
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• 1999

To study the relation between serum fatty acids and coronary artery disease(CAD), 194 subjects were randomly selected and divided into three groups(control, single vessel disease group(SVD), muliple vessel disease group(MVD)) according to the angiographic results. Total serum levels of fatty acids and serum phospholipid(PL)-fatty acids(FAs)were analysed using gas chromatography and their associations with CAD were examined. Different patterns of total serum fatty acid levels were found in men and women. Levels of most fatty acids of SVD and MVD were significantly lower in men, while those of MVD were significantly higher in women. In terms of PL-FAs in both men and women, the levels of PL-FAs follow the order of control < SVD < MVD and in women, the difference was significant. Various ratio(including ratios denoting the activites of desaturase and elongase) of total serum-and PL-FAs were similar in the three groups. In the relation of serum fatty acids to serum lipid profiles, PUFA & LDL showed a negative correlation, while, SFA & LDL-cholesterol and PUFA and HDL-cholesterol showed positive correlatons. correlations. Systolic blood pressure and alcohol intake levels negatively affected the levels of serum LA, AA, EPA and DHA in the risk factor analysis. These findings are consistent with other evidence indicating that fatty acid compositions are changed in CAD, especially on the concentration base and the change was related to the severity of the disease. Therefore, for the purpose of disease prevention and therapeutic use, balanced intakes of various fatty acids must be seriously considered.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2014

We attempted to develop an indicator combining incidence with mortality rates (single measure of cancer burden, SMCB) and to compare the magnitudes of cancer burden by world region. The SMCB was used to measure the size of cancer burden summarizing the incidence and mortality. The incidence and mortality were divided in equivalent forms and were split. The criteria dividing the size of cancer burden were used as the maximum incidence and mortality by men and women according to the world database, and the value corresponding to 10% of each maximum was set as the cut-off value. In SMCB, the size of cancer burden was highest for men with lung cancer (SMCB=18) and for women with breast cancer (SMCB=14) in MDR (more developed regions) compared to the size of burden in LDR (lower developed regions) (lung, SMCB=11, breast, SMCB=8). For men, the size of cancer burden by region was highest in EURO (SMCB=18, lung), followed by WPRO (SMCB=16, lung), PAHO (SMCB=14, prostate), AFRO (SMCB=8, prostate) and SEARO (SMCB=7, lung). Moreover, for women, the size of cancer burden was greatest in EURO (SMCB=14, breast), followed by PAHO (SMCB=13, breast), AFRO (SMCB=11, cervix uteri), EMRO (SMCB=9, breast) or SEARO (SMCB=8, cervix uteri) and WPRO (SMCB=7, lung). The summary indicator will help to provide a priority setting for reducing cancer burden in health policy.