• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the current status of isolation precautions of multidrug resistant organisms(MDROs) in general hospitals with more than 200bed. The questionnaires were mailed from 3rd, April 2013 to 30th, April 2013. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus:(MRSA), vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus:(VRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus(VRE), multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were enrolled. MRSA(100.0%) and VRE(98.7%) were isolated respectively. VRE(97.3%) and MRSA(64.0%) were regulated strictly respectively. VRE(91.5%) and VRSA(50.7%) were isolated in a single room respectively. Hospital being located in Seoul(p<0.001), and beds(${\geq}600$)(p=0.008) were different significantly. The isolation space limitation(71.1%) was the highest difficulty. The development of refunding the costs of the extra supplies and other hygienic materials for infection control was discovered as the most urgent strategy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2005

Adsorption equilibrium data of pure solvent vapors (n-Hexane, Toluene, MEK) as well as their binary mixtures on activated carbon (sorbonorit $B_4$) were experimentally determined in the range of 293.2~323.2 K and beyond saturated vapor pressure corresponding to experimental temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich, LRC, W-VSM, FH-VSM were estimated for the predication of single component as well as binary mixtuer systems. The isosteric heat of adsorption at infinite dilution of pure n-hexane, toluene, MEK on activated carbon were 45.18, 25.85, 34.62 Kcal/mol, respectively, also, n-hexane-toluene binary adsorption of activated carbon formed an azeotrope at 293.2 K and total pressure 5.1~10.3 mmHg.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 1997

The process which can stabilize water quality of treatment and improve nitrogen removal rate under the condition of high organic loading was developed by charging fibrous HBC media to single sludge nitrification-denitrification process. This process was operated easier, minimized the treatment cost, and shortened the retention time. To improve T-N removal rate, a part of nitrifing liquid at aerobic zone was recycled to anoxic zone by approximate internal recycle ratio. The experimental results are as follows ; T-N removal efficiency in the organic volumetric loading 0.14-0.19 kg/COD/m$^{3}$·d was obtained asmaxium of 85% at internal recycle ratio 2.5 and in more ratio than this it was decreased. Organic removal efficiency was about 91% under the overall experimental conditions and not influenced by recycle ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.113-114
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• 2016

This paper proposes a technical requirements analysis of implementation of multi-trade prefabrication. Recently, there has been a rise in the use of prefabrication to minimize on-site work for time reduction to increase productivity. Prefabrication technique is evolved into multi-trade prefabrication combining other trades from single-trade prefabrication. For implementation of new technique, not only itself but complementary techniques have to be prepared. In this paper, MEP corridor rack, a major item of multi-trade prefabrication, was implemented in the test bed and its process was analyzed to find out technical requirements. As a result, comparatively high level of IT technique was required for efficient use of multi-trade prefabrication in design, lifting and construction phase. In design phase, component level of BIM library was needed for manufacturing; and in lifting phase, BIM-based site logistics process was required. Also in construction phase, laser scanning was implemented for gathering shape and geometry of the wall and slab that were attached to multi-trade prefabrication module.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2014

The present study investigated the sleep patterns 1-to 3-year-old children and examined whether their sleep patterns would predict their early adjustment to daycare centers. The participants were 239 young children attending daycare centers in Seoul. The data on children's sleep patterns were collected by parent report. Children's adjustment to daycare was assessed by daycare providers' reports. The data were analyzed by means of Chi-square test, t-test, Pearson's correlation, ANOVA and discriminant analysis. The results were as follows: Children from dual-earner families had shorter nocturnal sleep duration than those from single-earner families. There was no significant relation between daytime sleep duration and sleep-onset time at night. It was found that children who go to bed earlier were more likely to get sufficient sleep without nocturnal wakefulness. Age and total sleep duration were seen to be significant variables when it came to discriminating between the adjustment versus maladjustment groups.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.55 no.7
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• pp.335-343
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• 2006

We have designed the system that measure one channel ECG by two electrode and extract real-time EDR with more related resipiration and comportable to subject by using conductive textile. On the assumption that relation between RL electrode and potential measurement electrode is coupled with RC connected model, we designed RL drive output to feedback two electrode for reduction of common mode signal. The conductive textile which was used for two ECG electrode was offered more comfort during night sleep in bed than any other method using attachments. In the method of single-lead EDR, R wave point or QRS interval area could be used for EDR estimation in traditional method, it is, so to speak, the amplitude modulation(AM) method for EDR. Alternatively, R-R interval could be used for frequency modulation(FM) method based on Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia(RSA). For evaluation of performance on AM EDR and FM EDR from 14 subject, ECG lead III was measured. Each EDR was compared with both temperature around nose(direct measurement of respiration) and respiration signal from thoracic belt(indirect measurement of respiration) on mean squared error(MSE), cross correlation(Xcorr), and Coherence. The upsampling interpolation technique of multirate signal processing is applied to interpolating data instead of cubic spline interpolation. As a result, we showed the real-time EDR extraction processing to be implemented at micro-controller.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.158-165
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• 2012

In this paper, the test bed using three-phase PWM converter connected with single phase inverter in series is set up to configure an active AC electric load. Since the two topologies, three-phase PWM converter and single-phase inverter, can be operated bidirectionally, the system not only re-generates surplus power to grid but also prevents power dissipation. However, the construction of system has a drawback. That is, ripple components two times of inverter operation frequency occur at DC-Link due to cascade connection, it can be cause of three phase unbalance Since the operational characteristic of the active AC electric load, the power frequency entered into the electric load can be varied, and the ripple of DC-Link is changed as well. In this paper, the three-phase PWM converter using a variable notch filter is proposed, and the reduction of three-phase current unbalance is presented. the validity of the proposed PWM converter using a variable notch filter is verified by the simulation and experimental results.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.629-641
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• 2021

In this study, a two-dimensional numerical model (Nays2DH) was applied to analyze the process of morphological changes in the river channel bed depending on the changes in the amount of flooding after fully opening the Sejong weir, which was constructed upstream of the Geum River. For this, numerical simulations were performed by assuming the flow conditions, such as a non-uniform flow (NF), unsteady flows (single flood event, SF), and a continuous flood event (CF). Here, in the cases of the SF and CF, the normalized hydrograph was calculated from real flood events, and then the hydrograph was reconfigured by the peak flow discharge according to the scenario, and then it was employed as the flow discharge at the upstream boundary condition. In this study, to quantitatively evaluate the morphological changes, we analyzed the time changes in the bed deformation the bed relief index (BRI), and we compared the aerial photographs of the study area and the numerical simulation results. As simulation results of the NF, when the steady flow discharge increases, the ratio of lower width to depth decreases and the speed of bar migration increases. The BRI initially increases, but the amount of change decreased with time. In addition, when the steady flow discharge increases, the BRI increased. In the case of SF, the speed of bar migration decreased with the change of the flow discharge. In terms of the morphological response to the peak flood discharge, the time lag also indicated. In other words, in the SF, the change of channel bed indicates a phase lag with respect to the hydraulic condition. In the result of numerical simulation of CF, the speed of bar migration depending on the peak flood discharges decreased exponentially despite the repeated flood occurrences. In addition, as in the result of SF, the phase lag indicated, and the speed of bar migration decreased exponentially. The BRI increased with time changes, but the rate of increase in the BRI was modest despite the continuous peak flooding. Through this study, the morphological changes based on the hydrological characteristics of the river were analyzed numerically, and the methodology suggested that a quantitative prediction for the river bed change according to the flow characteristic can be applied to the field.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.7
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• pp.278-291
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• 1986

In this report the practical case of Viking ship's conservation in Denmarke specially among the Eurpoean nations is introduced. The contents of it are summarized as follows :From 1957 to 1962 the Danish National Museum Salvaged five Viking ships from the bottom of Roskilde Fjord, Which were composed of the pieces of timber whose surface was soft because they had lain on the sea bed for about a thousand years. Excavation had been carried out in the same way as in the field by driving down a sheet piling around the wrecks and pumping the water out. These pieces of the wreck ships were packed in airtight plastic bags one by one to be transported for Brede and then immidiately had to go through the treatment for conservation. The conservation treatment process for the pieces includes three steps ; the preliminary process prior to the hardening treatment, the hardening and the assemble of the ships. In the first step ; the preliminary process, all remains of mud and shells from the fjord bed are washed off, and measuring followed ; every single piece of wreckage was drawn so that the form and size of the piece, nail holes, and breaks were registered before conservation. In the second ; the hardening treatment step, the pieces of the woreckage were filled with P.E.G. This Polyethylene Glycol method was the best to handle in the subsequent mounting of the ships in the museum. In the final, the Glycol-treated pieces were pieced together to spips with support of a system of reinforcements. They were to fit in place after corrections of the form were made several times.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.163-170
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the combustion characteristics of dual type of sintering burner as a function of design parameters using lab-scale sintering burner through experimental and numerical approaches. Combustion characteristics were evaluated by the radical method. The numerical model was verified as a temperature using R type of thermocouple at the bed surface. The effect of nozzle distance and angle were performed through the CFD analysis, and the comparison of burner types. As a results, dual type burner has more wider and uniform flame distribution than single type burner. Asymmetry and 45 degree angle condition have been suggested as an optimal condition for the ignition of the sintering bed surface.