• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 2006

In both cosmetic and functional aspects, loss of digital pulp is a common problem. Compound or composite defects of the hand and fingers with exposed denuded tendon, bone, joint, or neurovascular structures may require flap coverage. Most often these lesions can be repaired by using simple local flap, neurovascular flap, thenar flap, and cross-finger flap. But microvascular reconstruction is sometimes needed for large defects. But Authors do not recommend these procedures in case of severe crushing injuries involving multiple finger pulp losses because they have possibility of damage of the vascular network and infection. So we applied distant flaps such as chest flaps, groin flaps, abdominal flaps and etc. And then we applied surgical rubber gloves for remodeling the flap after cutaneous healing. We have acquired satisfactory results, after the simple molding method for distant flap finger by using surgical rubber gloves treatment.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.19-34
• /
• 2017

The widespread damage to steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) in past major earthquakes have underscored the need to understand the nonlinear inelastic behaviour of such systems. To assess the seismic performance of steel MRF, it is essential to model the nonlinear force-deformation behaviour of beam to column joints. To determine the extent of inelasticity in a beam to column joint, nonlinear finite element analysis is generally carried out, which is computationally involved and demanding. In order to obviate the need of such elaborate analyses, a simplistic method to predict the force-deformation behaviour is required. In this study, a simple, mechanics driven, hand calculation method is proposed to obtain the forcedeformation behaviour of strong axis beam to column moment joints. The force-deformation behaviour for twenty-five interior and exterior beam to column joints, having column to beam strength ratios ranging from 1.2 to 10.99 and 2.4 to 22, respectively, have been obtained. The force-deformation behaviour predicted using the proposed method is compared with the results of finite element analyses. The results show that the proposed method predicts the force-deformation behaviour fairly accurately, with much lesser computational effort. Further the proposed method has been used to conduct Nonlinear Dynamic Time History Analyses of two benchmark frames; close correspondence of results obtained with published results establishes the usefulness and computational accuracy of the method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 1997

A simple and efficient method is presented for the dynamics of interconnected flexible beams having large rigid body rotations. A simple mass matrix is obtained by interpolating the displacements in the global inertia frame, and the elastic force is also simply computed by using linear finite element technique with the moving frame attached to the beam. For the beams connected by revolute joints, kinematic constraints and relative rotations between the beans are not required and the equations of motions are time integrated by a simple ODE technique. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the present technique.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2005

Purpose: To find out the early results after surgical treatment of the acute acromioclavicular dislocation with LIGASTIC artificial ligament. Material and Method: 6 patients who were diagnosed as acute acomioclavicular joint dislocation and treated with LIGASTIC artifical ligament through March 2005 to July 2005. The radiologic and clinical results using Imatani evaluation system were analyzed. Results: By clinical evaluation, 4 cases(67%) were excellent and 2 cases(33%) were good. By radiologic evaluation, 3 cases(50%) were excellent and 3 cases(50%) were good. All cases showed satisfactory results. Till the final follow up, there were no complication. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of the acute acromioclavicular dislocation with LIGASTIC articifial ligament is simple, but provides enough stability for early postoperative rehabilitation, decreases arthritis of acomioclavicular joint and there is no burden of removal of the fixture, so it is thought as a very effective surgery.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2006

Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiological results between the modified Weaver-Dunn method and modified Phemister method in the acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 19 patients who were treated for the acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation from 2001 to 2002. 10 patients were operated with the modified Weaver-Dunn method (group A) and the others with modified Phemister method (group B). The classification of preoperative injury was analyzed by using the Rockwood system, the clinical assessment of preoperative and postoperative by the modified UCLA rating scale and the radiological assessment by simple x-ray. Results: With the modified UCLA rating scale, group A showed 5 cases(50%) of excellent and 5 cases(50%) of good, group B showed 4 cases(44.4%) of excellent and 5 cases(55.6%) of good. In the radiologic findings of the coracoclavicular distances, group A was 16.2 mm at preoperative, 8.8 mm at postoperative, 9.7 mm at last follow-up and group B was 12.9 mm, 6.7 mm and 7.9 mm respectively. Postoperatively there were no complications such as surgical wound infection and failure of Kirschner wires. Conclusion: Both the modified Weaver-Dunn and modified Phemister methods have shown satisfied clinical and radiologic results, and there was no difference in these result between two groups (p>0.05).

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.1090-1096
• /
• 2001

In this paper, new methods for efficiently solving linear acceleration equations of multibody dynamic simulation exploiting sparsity for real-time simulation are presented. The coefficient matrix of the equations tends to have a large number of zero entries according to the relative joint coordinate numbering. By adequate joint coordinate numbering, the matrix has minimum off-diagonal terms and a block pattern of non-zero entries and can be solved efficiently. The proposed methods, using sparse Cholesky method and recursive block mass matrix method, take advantages of both the special structure and the sparsity of the coefficient matrix to reduce computation time. The first method solves the η$\times$η sparse coefficient matrix for the accelerations, where η denotes the number of relative coordinates. In the second method, for vehicle dynamic simulation, simple manipulations bring the original problem of dimension η$\times$η to an equivalent problem of dimension 6$\times$6 to be solved for the accelerations of a vehicle chassis. For vehicle dynamic simulation, the proposed solution methods are proved to be more efficient than the classical approaches using reduced Lagrangian multiplier method. With the methods computation time for real-time vehicle dynamic simulation can be reduced up to 14 per cent compared to the classical approach.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.532-539
• /
• 2001

In robot teleoperation, much research has been carried out to control the slave robot from remote site. One of the essential devices for robot teleoperation is the masterarm, which is a path command generating device worn on human arm. In this paper, a new masterarm based on human kinematics is proposed. Its controller is based on the distributed controller architecture composed of two controller parts: a host controller and a set of satellite controllers. Each satellite controller measures the corresponding joint angle, while the host controller performs forward and inverse kinematics calculation. This distributed controller architecture can make the data updating faster, which allows to implement real-time implementation. The host controller and the satellited controllers are networked via three-wire daisy-chained SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) protocol, so this architecture makes the electrical wiring very simple, and enhances maintenance. Analytical method for finding three additional unknown joint angles is derived using only three measured angles for each shoulder and wrist, which makes th hardware implementation very simple by minimizing the required number of satellite controllers. Finally, the simulation and experiment results are given to demonstrate the usefulness and performance of the proposed masterarm.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.486-494
• /
• 2003

When the orientations of joints are measured on a rock exposure, there are frequent cases that are difficult to approach by the surveyor to the target joints or to set up scanlines on the slope. In this study, to complement such limit and weak points, a new algorithm was developed to interpret joint orientation from analyzing the images of rock slope. As a method of arranging the multiple images of a rock slope, the multistage convergent photographing system was introduced to overcome the limitation of photographing direction which existing method such as parallel stereophotogrammetric system has and to cover the range of image measurement, which is the overlapping area between the image pair, to a maximum extent. To determine camera parameters in the perspective projection equation that are the main elements of the analysis method, a new method was developed introducing three ground control points and single ground guide point. This method could be considered to be very simple compared with other existing methods using a number of ground control points and complicated analysis process. So the global coordinates of a specific point on a rock slope could be analyzed with this new method. The orientation of a joint could be calculated using the normal vector of the joint surface which can be derived from the global coordinates of several points on the joint surface analyzed from the images.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the method of using coraco-clavicular (C-C) sling with modified Phemister operation by postoperative clinical results, radiologic analysis and complications. Materials and Methods: 33 patients of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated with simple C-C sling method and twenty patients were treated with modified Phemister operation. The assesment of clinical and radiological evaluation were performed and the final results were examined by using the Weitzman's classification. Results: In the final result of C-C sling method group, forward elevation $161^{\circ}$, external rotation $70^{\circ}$, internal rotation T8 level, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 83.3 points were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, forward elevation $155^{\circ}$, external rotation $67^{\circ}$, internal rotation T6 level, VAS 83.8 points were checked. In coracoclavicular distance of C-C sling method group, pre-operation 12.82 mm and last follow up 8.37 mm were checked. In modified Phemister operation group, pre-operation 12.8 mm and last follow up 7.7 mm were checked. In functional evaluation by the Weitzman criteria, C-C sling group had excellent 8, good 1, fair 1 and modified Phemister group had excellent 13, good 4, fair 3. Conclusion: C-C sling method would be the better than the Modified Phemister operation because of short operation time and smaller skin incision.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.667-694
• /
• 2015

The suspended dome system is a new structural form that has become popular in the construction of long-span roof structures. Suspended dome is a kind of new pre-stressed space grid structure that has complex mechanical characteristics. In this paper, an optimum topology design algorithm is performed using the enhanced colliding bodies optimization (ECBO) method. The length of the strut, the cable initial strain, the cross-sectional area of the cables and the cross-sectional size of steel elements are adopted as design variables and the minimum volume of each dome is taken as the objective function. The topology optimization on lamella dome is performed by considering the type of the joint connections to determine the optimum number of rings, the optimum number of joints in each ring, the optimum height of crown and tubular sections of these domes. A simple procedure is provided to determine the configuration of the dome. This procedure includes calculating the joint coordinates and steel elements and cables constructions. The design constraints are implemented according to the provision of LRFD-AISC (Load and Resistance Factor Design-American Institute of Steel Constitution). This paper explores the efficiency of lamella dome with pin-joint and rigid-joint connections and compares them to investigate the performance of these domes under wind (according to the ASCE 7-05), dead and snow loading conditions. Then, a suspended dome with pin-joint single-layer reticulated shell and a suspended dome with rigid-joint single-layer reticulated shell are discussed. Optimization is performed via ECBO algorithm to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the ECBO in creating optimal design for suspended domes.