• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.200-212
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• 2015

In order to study the foot deformity hallux valgus, the rate of which is currently increasing, 235 patients who were diagnosed with hallux valgus and treated in an orthopedic hospital in Seoul had their feet calibrated before and after surgery using 3d radio-scans. Data from 209 cases was analyzed and scored numerically. We scored 10 items for length, 4 for width, 3 for angle, and 2 for height, for a total of 20 items. Each individual's feet showed great variation in most of the items and significant differences after surgery, especially in regards to length and height, which increased after surgery. Angle, width, and length of the distal parts of the toes decreased after surgery. Based on the results of our analysis, we conclude that surgery brings about significant changes in structure and measurement of feet. This research confirmed that there is significant variation in foot form and individual differences based on lesion size and location and, thus, it is difficult for hallux valgus patients to find ready-made shoes that fit them properly. Foot changes before and after operation for hallux valgus were analyzed and the results quantified; our results should be considered during product design by shoe companies whose target is adult women.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 2009

Objective : To evaluate autonomic nerve balance and sympathetic nerve activity in patients with inner ear dysfunction as examined by heart rate variability(HRV) Research Methods and Procedures : One hundred and twenty three patients(between 15 to 59 years old) who visited Dept. of Oriental medical Opthalmology & Otolaryngology, Kyunghee university and had an examination of HRV test, were selected as subjects of our study. We checked items of HRV test(such as SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF, TP, norm-LF, norm-HF, LF/HF ratio), and analyzed time and frequency domain differences between three groups classified as tinnitus, hearing loss and vertigo. And we compared HRV items(such as SDNN,RMSSD, TP and LF/HF ratio) with standard levels. Results and Conclusion : Our results showed no significant differences between three groups in HRV items except for mean heart rate. Patients with inner ear dysfunction showed significant lower TP than 2000$(ms^{2})$(p <0.001) and significant higher LF/HF ratio than 1.5(p=0.003). So we suggest that patients with inner ear dysfunctions such as tinnitus, vertigo and hearing loss, have sympathetic hypertonus and inactivity of autonomic nerve regulation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.36-49
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• 2023

This study investigated effects of metaverse experience on avatar fashion item benefit sought and the impact of fashion item benefit sought on fashion item purchase behavior. An online survey was carried out in the last year targeting male and female consumers aged 15 to 39 years who had purchased avatar fashion items from 'Zepeto'. A total of 363 responses were analyzed in this study. Results are as follows. First, four factors of metaverse experience were derived: 'entertainment experience', 'escape experience', 'adventure experience', and 'relationship experience'. Four factors of avatar fashion item benefit sought were derived: 'trend/brand sought', 'situation suitability sought', 'individuality sought', and 'ideal appearance sought'. Second, all four factors of metaverse experience were found to significantly affect the benefit of trend/brand sought. It was found that entertainment, adventure, and relationship experiences, excluding escape experiences, had significant effects on situational suitability sought. In addition, it was confirmed that entertainment and adventure experiences had significant effects on individuality sought and ideal appearance, respectively. Third, it was found that the trend/brand sought had a significant effect on metaverse usage time and purchase amount and that the situational suitability sought influenced the number of avatar fashion items purchased.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.135-143
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• 2010

As the broadcasting programs produced by VJ are increasing, every broadcasting company has doubts as to how their program evaluations derive the objective evaluation results and proposes their own tailored program evaluation methods considering the change of the production system. The proposed quality evaluation items represent a new model in terms of the perfectness of VJ broadcasting program production and are used as a way to revise the current evaluation methods of the broadcasting companies. To derive the items which help to find the problems of VJ broadcasting programs, 30 specialists, such as PDs, VJs, and professors, are chosen as a specialist group, and the first experiment is performed to select the evaluation items of VJ broadcasting programs. Based on the result of the degree of importance of the evaluation items, 9 VJ program evaluation items are made. Also, the second experiment is performed in order to verify the proposed evaluation criteria. As a result of the experiment, the reliability of the proposed evaluation method is .939, which is proved to be significant. The selection of the quality evaluation items considering only the VJ broadcasting programs turns out to be significant as a new quality evaluation criterion.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the systematic error, such as seasonal change or inadequate food items, in a food frequency questionnaire administered to workers in a Nuclear Power Plant, Korea. Methods : We performed three repeat-tests with 28 subjects on May 13, July 8 and Dec 16, 1992. Our food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) comprised 84 foods organized into 7 food-groups, and was composed of the items of usual intake frequency (8 categories) and the amount per intake (3 or 4 categories) over the previous year. We compared the means of intake frequency and the frequency of the portion-size according to each season using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Pearson's chisquare test with Fisher's exact test. Results : We found the significant seasonal changes of several food items in intake frequency measurement. These items were typical seasonal foods such as mandarin orange, plum and green vegetables, while the single questions consisted of inadequate food items such as thick beef or similar soup and various kimchi products. Significant seasonal changes in portion-size were found in only two items: cooked rice-brown and fresh frozen fishes. Conclusions : The systematic errors observed could caused loss of validity in the FFQ. Consideration should be given for seasonal variation in FFQ survey and methodological concerns are needed to improve the quality for measuring usual diet pattern.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.62-73
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of sanitation management within school foodservice facilities and utilities in Gyeongbuk province. Data collection was carried out through surveys given to 200 school dietitians from the province. A total of 108 were usable, resulting in a 54.0% response rate. Statistical analyses were done using the SAS package program (version 8.2 for Windows). Of the study population, 58.3% had more than 10 years of work experience, and 64.8% worked in elementary schools. With regard to the style of foodservice system, 47.2% were urban and 46.3% were rural. Also, 89.8% of the school foodservices provided meals once a day. The performance of the sanitation management items of the facilities and utilities used to provide school foodservice was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. The average score for the 25 items was 3.35 points. 'HVAC system installed in foodservice establishment' had the lowest average score at 2.20 points. Whereas 'provide adequate storage capacity to allow refrigerating and freezing and an adequate thermometer is installed and temperatures monitored' had the highest average score at 4.19 points. Nine out of the 25 items were lower than the average score. The performance scores of high schools were significantly higher than those of elementary schools or middle schools for 'window materials are provided that are not liable to break' (p<0.001). The performance scores for urban style foodservices were significantly lower than for rural foodservices for 'floor of kitchen is constructed to maintain a dry system' (p<0.05). In response to questions on kitchen utensils and equipment, significant differences were shown according to the number of meals served per day in 21 out of 56 items, and the style of foodservice system showed significant differences in 14 of the 56 items. Foremost, to make better use of the foodservice facilities and utilities in Gyeongbuk province, immediate improvements should be made for management items in which the degree of performance was below the average score.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1 s.37
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• pp.60-65
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• 1999

We have conducted a study of the interobserver reliabilities of Modified Barthel Index and Motor Assessment Scale with 30 patients hospitalized with strokes in the department of circulatory internal medicine, Sang Ji University Oriental Hospital. The observations were performed by two staff and residents in the circulatory internal medicine department. Raters were assigned in random pairs to individual patients. Evaluations were performed independently by the two observers. In order to minimize the impact of fluctuations in the patients' clinical status, the second set of observations immediately followed the first. Each patient was used for only one pair of evaluations. The results were as follows. 1. Mean kappa value of 13 items in Modified Barthel Index(MBD was 0.742, which indicated excellent interobserver reliability. The kappa values indicated almost $perfect({\kappa}:\;0.81-1.00)$ for 4, substantial for $9({\kappa}:\;0.61-0.80)$, and moderate for $2({\kappa}:\;0.41-0.60)$ of 13 items. All items. except Grooming item, showed statistically significant interobserver agreement(p<0.01) 2. Mean kappa value of 8 items. except General tonus, in Motor Assessment Scale(MAS) was 0.823, which indicated excellent interobserver reliability. and this value of Motor Assessment Scale was more high than MBI' s value. 0.81. The kappa values indicated almost perfect for 5, substantial for 3 of 8 items. All items showed statistically significant interobserver agreement(P<0.01).

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

Objectives : We presented the results of reliability study in advance, and analyzed agreement between Korean medicine doctors(KMDs)' diagnosis and cold-heat pattern identification questionnaire(CHPI)'s diagnosis. Methods : This survey was conducted from May 16 to 17, 2015. The subjects were 93 adults living in rural society. Diagnosis of CHPI was performed by 2 KMDs who have clinical experience more than 5 years. The KMDs' diagnosis was set as a reference index, and then we compare 23 items(cold pattern 11 items and heat pattern 12 items) of CHPI questionnaire and 15 items(cold pattern 8 items and heat pattern 7 items) that were brief form of it. We had cut-off value by standard of KMDs' diagnosis using receiver operating characteristic-curve(ROC-curve), with which we calculated agreement including kappa value. Correlation analysis between CHPI evaluation score by KMDs and by the questionnaire was fulfilled as well. Results : Agreement about 11 and 8 cold pattern items showed 87.1% together, and the value of kappa each recorded 0.742 and 0.741. Agreement about 12 and 7 heat pattern items suggested 81.7% and 78.5%, and the value of kappa showed 0.634 and 0.570. Correlation coefficients were 0.803 of 11 items and 0.761 of 8 items about cold pattern. In addition, correlation coefficients were 0.789 of 12 items and 0.767 of 7 items about heat pattern. The significant probability (p-value) was under 0.001. Conclusions : We have developed CHPI questionnaire involving reliability and agreement based on usual symptoms, and hope additional complements so that Korean medicine diagnostics and Korean preventive medicine would be improved.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2017

Objectives: Identifying influencing factors of stress in clinical practice of dental hygiene students through controlling the amount of stress in clinical practice. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 226 dental hygiene students in Daejeon, Cheongju and Jeolla province from March 2 to 30, 2016. The contents of the questionnaire included general characteristics (6 items), clinical practice characteristics (4 items), clinical practice stress (16 items), quality of life (24 items), health promotion behavior (20 items), OHIP (14 items), and critical thinking disposition (15 items). Data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0. for one way ANOVA, scheffe' posthoc test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Cronbach's alpha of clinical practice stress, quality of life, health promotion behavior, OHIP, and critical thinking disposition were 0.827, 0.913, 0.896, 0.921 and 0.778, respectively. Results: Clinical practice stress was 3.38 points, quality of life was 3.40 points, health promotion behavior was 3.21 points, OHIP was 4.21 points and critical thinking disposition was 3.17 points. Conclusions: Factors that had impact on clinical practice stress include sleeping state, satisfaction of clinical practice, practice number, and the quality of life, and they appeared statistically significant (p<0.05). This exercise showed the necessary manuals and system implementations in clinical practice, which can reduce the amount of stress in dental hygiene students.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.697-701
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• 2006

The physical traits and the body fat rate of women in 20s~30s in China and Korea, which are very adjacent to each other but different, were compared and examined. By this research, the physical type of women in both countries were examined, and the result was as follows. As Chinese women in 20s~30s got older their weight become heavier. In the case of circumference items, the significance was acknowledged in all the items except items of chest circumference, hip circumference and stature. On the other hand, as Korean women in 20s~30 got older their stature decreased, but their weight got heavier. In the case of circumference items, the significant was acknowledged in all the items except items of thigh circumference, calf circumference and minimum leg circumference. In addition, the value of anthropometry of Chinese and Korean women had some difference. Especially item chest circumference and hip circumference were higher in Korean women, and these body sizes were related with the obesity. Also, it was revealed that Korean women were exposed to obesity more than Chinese women. In the case of both Chinese and Korean women, the index of obesity belonged to the range of normality, but the body fat rate and BMI Index of Korean women were a little higher than in Chinese women.