• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권9A호
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• pp.762-771
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• 2005

In this paper, an efficient Adaptive quality-of-service (QoS) traffic control scheme with priority scheduling is proposed for the multimedia traffic transmission over wireless access networks. The objective of the proposed adaptive QoS control (AQC) scheme is to realize end-to-end QoS, to be scalable without the excess signaling process, and to adapt dynamically to the network traffic state according to traffic flow characteristics. Here, the reservation scheme can be used over the wireless access network in order to get the per-flow guarantees necessary for implementation of some kinds of multimedia applications. The AQC model is based on both differentiated service model with different lier hop behaviors and priority scheduling one. It consists of several various routers, access points, and bandwidth broker and adopts the IEEE 802.1 le wireless radio technique for wireless access interface. The AQC scheme includes queue management and packet scheduler to transmit class-based packets with different per hop behaviors (PHBs). Simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed AQC scheme.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.119-120
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• 2003

One of the most frequent defects in human cancer is the uncontrolled activation of the ras-signaling pathways. Elevated p21 ras expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness in breast cancer including the extent of invasion into fat tissues. infiltration into lymphatic vessels and tumor recurrence, We demonstrate that H-ras, but not N-ras, upregulates matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 expression and induces invasive phenotype in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. (omitted)

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.76-77
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• 2002

Ras expression has been suggested as a marker for tumor aggressiveness of breast cancer including the degrees of invasion and tumor recurrence. Expression of H-, K-, and N-ras is regulated in a tissue-specific manner and during development, indicating that ras proteins may have different cellular functions.(omitted)

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1995년도 제3회 추계심포지움
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• pp.49-57
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• 1995

Protein kinase C (PK-C) represents a central element transducing signals generated by a broad range of pathways which produce the lipid second messenger sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) directly or indirectly. Many dominant oncogenes have proven to function, at least in part, through this pathway Likewise, this pathway is involved in expression of other aspects of the transformed phenotype, such as tumor invasion or multidrug resistance. As expected from its broad role in cell signaling, PK-C Is also important in a range of other physiological and pathophysiological processes, including inflammation, differentiation, and nerve function.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2008

A gene's influence on an organism's Darwinian fitness ultimately determines whether it will be lost, maintained or modified by natural selection, yet biologists have few gene expression systems in which to measure whole-organism gene function. In the Department of Molecular Ecology at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology we are training "molecularly enabled field biologists" to use transformed plants silenced in the expression of environmentally regulated genes and the plant's native habitats as "laboratories." Research done in these natural laboratories will, we hope, increase our understanding of the function of genes at the level of the organism. Examples of the role of threonine deaminase and RNA-directed RNA polymerases illustrate the process.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1241-1246
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• 2004

The verification confirms a correspondence between requirements and a specification before implementing. The problem in the formal method verifying a protocol specification using model checking is that the protocol behaviors must be always specified in L TS(Label Transition System). But if Region Automata is applied to the model checking, it is enable to verify whether properties are true on specification specified in I/O FSM(Input/Output Finite State Machine) as well as LTS. In this paper, we verify the correctness of rail signal control protocol type 1 specified in I/O FSM by using model checking method and region automata. This removes many errors and ambiguities of an informal method used in the past and saves down expenditures and times required in the protocol development. Therefore it is expected that there will be an increase in safety, reliability and efficiency in terms of the maintenance of the signaling system by using the proposed verification methods.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Innate immune cells survey antigenic materials beneath our body surfaces and provide a front-line response to internal and external danger signals. Dendritic cells (DCs), a subset of innate immune cells, are critical sentinels that perform multiple roles in immune responses, from acting as principal modulators to priming an adaptive immune response through antigen-specific signaling. In the gut, DCs meet exogenous, non-harmful food antigens as well as vast commensal microbes under steady-state conditions. In other instances, they must combat pathogenic microbes to prevent infections. In this review, we focus on the function of intestinal DCs in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis. Specifically, we describe how intestinal DCs affect IgA production from B cells and influence the generation of unique subsets of T cell.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.1223-1231
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• 2021

Regulator of G protein signaling 16 (RGS16) is known to be associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). PCV2 associated disease (PCVAD) is a serious problem in the swine industry. The representative symptoms of PCVAD are high viral titer proliferation and decreased average daily gain. In this study, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the RGS16 region, including the upstream region. Of the 22 identified SNPs, rs332913874, rs326071195, and rs318298586 were genotyped in 142 Yorkshire pigs. These SNPs were significantly associated with the PCV2 viral load. Moreover, the haplotype combination was also related to the PCV2 viral load. The haplotype and diplotype analysis also had a significant difference with the PCV2 viral load. Taken together, our results suggest that RGS16 SNPs considerably affect the PCV2 viral load.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2019

Androgens act in almost all tissues throughout the lifetime and have important roles in skeletal muscles. The levels of androgens increase during puberty and remain sustained at high levels in adulthood. Because androgens have an anabolic effect on skeletal muscles and muscle stem cells, these increased levels of androgens after puberty should lead to spontaneous muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia in adulthood. However, the maintenance of muscle volume, myonuclei number per myofiber, and quiescent state of satellite cells in adulthood despite the high levels of androgens produces paradoxical outcomes. Our recent study revealed that the physiological increase of androgens at puberty initiates the transition of muscle stem cells from proliferation to quiescence by the androgen-Mindbomb1-Notch signaling axis. This newly discovered androgen action on skeletal muscles underscores the physiological importance of androgens on muscle homeostasis throughout life. This review will provide an overview of the new androgen action on skeletal muscles and discuss the paradoxical effects of androgens suggested in previous studies.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.399-408
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• 2022

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is described as abnormalities of myocardial structure and function in diabetic patients without other well-established cardiovascular factors. Although multiple pathological mechanisms involving in this unique myocardial disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction may play an important role in its development of DCM. Recently, considerable progresses have suggested that mitochondrial biogenesis is a tightly controlled process initiating mitochondrial generation and maintaining mitochondrial function, appears to be associated with DCM. Nonetheless, an outlook on the mechanisms and clinical relevance of dysfunction in mitochondrial biogenesis among patients with DCM is not completely understood. In this review, hence, we will summarize the role of mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction in the development of DCM, especially the molecular underlying mechanism concerning the signaling pathways beyond the stimulation and inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, the evaluations and potential therapeutic strategies regarding mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction in DCM is also presented.