• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.49
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• pp.171-208
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• 2013

Site-specific performance is always the real on-site work taking place at the site. Hence, it deals with the reality, in other words, the time of creation and formation. And it creates value and meaning through the interaction and continuous direct communication process between the performers, audience and the local residents. In this performance, the audience's status as the passive observer changes. They become the co-agent who actively lead and complete the performance through their own experience. We have examined the The Working Methods of Site-specific Performance and Aesthetics of Effect through four Korean performances ; Marie, An aesthetic experiment of site as the storyteller; Heterotopia and Urban Movement Research or Play: We Will Move Your Sofa, as performances which have Revealed history, politics, institution engraved in the site ; A Song of Mandala and Miracle, as a ritualistic site-specific performance at the historic site. Some remarks on Site-specific performance ; First, In Site-specific performance, the habitus peculiar to the stage art and the mode of reception are changed. Second, a new mode of theatrical communication requires creator and audience to have a sharp aesthetic sensibility and to change one's perceptual habit. Third, Site-specific performance can act as a demonstration for the viewpoints of political activism through what could be called a dramatic close-up effect. Fourth, Site-specific performance also has the risk of merely becoming an unfocused and scattered performance or degenerating into a pseudo-sightseeing. To avoid this, an in-depth study of the site and its socio-cultural context, and the clear motivation with which one is trying to reveal and tell from the site must be indispensable. As the co-agent, the audience should also be aware and think about what the given performance signifies today.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to promote package tourism. The value perceived as a sub-factor of tourism motivation and inducement was divided into emotional and functional values. And the variables of tourism constraints, satisfaction and behavior were addedly presented. The analysis proved that all factors have a positive effect on perceived values (emotional and functional) of the sub-factors of tourism motivation (daily escape, harmony, service appeal, convenience). The perceived value (emotional and functional) has also established a positive impact on the satisfaction, and tourism restrictions have been proven to have a negative impact on satisfaction and behavior intention. Finally, it was confirmed that there was a positive relationship between the two variables of satisfaction and behavior. Based on these research results, the implications and future research directions were presented, and it could be useful for promoting package tourism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.10-24
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• 2017

The research takes note of the formation process and settling period of Gwandong-Palkyung(關東八景, Eight Sites of Eastern Korea), the representative palgyeong(prominent eight sites) and jipgyeong(集景, landscape collection of scenic beauty), and investigates the time of formation regarding the palkyung and jipgeyong of Gwandong's scenic beauty through the analysis and interpretation of bibliographic data, and reference data. The result of the study is as follows. As the first document that records the terminology of "Gwandong-Palkyung" is "Daphongeunggil(答洪應吉)" of Yi, Hwang(李滉), Gwandong-Palkyung is inferred to be settled within the recognition of the people even before the 16th century. The geographic analysis result including "Sinjeung Donggukyeojiseungram(新增東國輿地勝覽)", Gwandong-Palkyung expanded as Gwandong-Sipkyung in early to middle of the 16th century. The first confirmed landscape collection regarding Gwandong-Palkyung in this study is confirmed in Shin Zup(申楫)'s "Yeonggwandong-Palkyung(詠關東八景)", thus, the terminology of Gwandong-Palkyung existed before 16th century at the latest. The settlement time of current "Palkyung" collection is estimated to be early 17th century at the latest. Poetries regarding Gwandong-Palkyung, and the frequency on the appearance of Gwandong scenic beauties are analyzed as making clear of the concentrated phenomenon on the sceneries of Gwandong-Palkyung. On the other hand, the collection of Gwandong-Palkyung in the domain of arts is confirmed initially in the ${\ll}$Gwandongpalkyungdobyeong(關東八景圖屛)${\gg}$ of Heo, Pil(許泌). Gwandong-Palkyung, expressed as the actual scene landscape painting shows similar tendencies of the conditions in the jipgyeong from the poetry, but the appearance rate of the painting subject was more prominent in visual solidarity and cohesion due to the reflection of the importance on icon(圖像) of the art works produced with particular meaning in the case of fixed ideal system. From late Joseon to modern times, ${\ll}$palpokbyeongpung(八幅屛風)${\gg}$ of various forms of folk painting is a corroborative evidence notifying that the cultural phenomenon of Gwandong-Palkyung has entered the universal period of embrace. Also, the 13 scenic beauties of Gangwon-Do appearing in the games of Namseungdo and Myeongseungyuramdo include Gwandong-Palkyung, which confirms the settlement of Gwandog-Palkyung even within the culture of games in late Joseon. Such results demonstrate the existence of awareness regarding Gwandong-Palkyung from the first half of the 15th century, which is presumed to have completely settled in the 17th century through the continuous development of formative process in the 16th century. Ultimately, Gwandong-Palkyung is the concrete formation of regional scenic beauties that individually gained its reputations as scenery from the Koryo Dynasty to late 17th century. Gwandong-Palkyung of the scenic beauty of Gwandong is a unique cultural scenery of the region that have germinated and formed through the process of cutting and polishing of long time to collect the best eight of scenic beauty from the many participation of sightseeing culture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.429-440
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• 1994

This study attempt to evaluate the recreation space(two patterns ; one is open space ; forest, water-front space and free open space, the other recreational fercilities) located in the natural area based on clarifying the relationship between the physical conditions of these spaces and human response(users' cognitive evaluation and users' activity pattern). On this standpoint it was proceeded to analyses of the information which was collected by interviews to users who were in this open space at the natural park of Osaka Prefecture. Through this study, the results were summarized as follows ; 1) Forest and waterfront space are considered to be a basic factor of the composition in natural recreation areas. There was difference on the recreational value depending on condition of forest composition. The hardwood-forest apparently high in its efficiency. 2) Free open space is a definite recreational space surely wide in its scope of active of recreational use. The site should be setted up considering the plants conditions around and geographical features according to the recreational activities, and the ground cover should be well controlled. 3) The recreational facilities in natural settings such as the sightseeing tower, the insect display hall, and the camp site appeared to produce low value as a recreational space. It was desirable that recreational activities be allowed within the scope. Consequently, we should carefully consider environmental capacity and landscape to designing these spaces 4) Traditional history and cultural properties are recognized as part of recreational resource as and also as essence of the compositions. So continuos care and proportion of history and cultural properties should be guaranteed.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.20
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• pp.75-96
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• 2004

A pavilion is located in the place with beautiful scenery, which maximizes the poetical features of nature. So a scholar in the Chosun Dynasty had the dream of possessing it. This trends of the Chosun scholar resulted in producing lots of literary works related with the pavilion. In this thesis, I researched the characters of Pavilion Si-Jo in accordance with the function of pavilion. First, the pavilion, which is surrounded by the beautiful scenery, is a good place to see the beauty of nature. It is needless to walk around to see the scenery thanks to its open structure. So the feeling in the pavilion Si-Jo is distinguished from other sightseeing Si-Jos: those show the way of seeing the scenery walking here and there, but this shows the way of seeing the scenery only just looking up, looking down, and looking in the distance. Second, the pavilion functions as an academic place. In this case, it can be said that it functions like a lecture hall. It is more effective to study in the pavilion than in the closed structure, a lecture hall. Furthermore, the scholar studying in the pavilion understand the principle of nature with seeing the beautiful mountain and river, and it can be a place for growing a vast-flowing spirit. This kind of poetry has been handed down with the Chinese poetry, and the character who operated the pavilion often appears in the work. Third, the pavilion functions as a space for a fraternity or poetry circles. The poetic exchange was conducted by host of pavilion. which is the key ingredient for organizing a poetry circles. Finally, the pavilion functions as an entertainment. Although it is a space for an entertainment, there is no deviation as a man of novel birth. If the pavilion has the feature of closeness, there are sometimes works which shows the deviation of them.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.40-48
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• 2011

Mt. Hee-yang is located in Mungyeong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. Through the analysis and interpretations of twenty-two different ancient writings which covers Mt. Hee-yang, and three times of field studies, I tried to analyze the cognition of our ancestors in those days regarding Mt. Hee-yang. Since Mt. Hee-yang goes very deep in the mountain range, Mt. Hee-yang was recognized as appropriate place for seclusion or operating Byeolseo. From the era of Silla, in terms of Fengshui, Mt. Hee-yang was also interpreted as an image of either a phoenix flying into the sky(鳳凰登天) or a valley of a phoenix and dragon(鳳巖龍谷). This cognition comes from its formations of topographical features, and continued to the era of Joseon Dynasty. The purposes of excursion were to retrace the course of predecessors, to attain one's long-cherished desire to visit, or to enjoy holidays. From the analysis of Mt. Hee-yang's visitors, the average social status of them is lowered a lot around the end of Joseon Dynasty, compared with the early period of Joseon Dynasty. Studying the visitor's route of Mt. Hee-yang, I could see the places that are highly-recognized were the top of Mt. Hee-yang, Seonyudong(仙遊洞), Bakundae(白雲臺), Yayuam(夜遊岩). Mt. Hee-yang was recognized as Sun-kyung(仙境) where Sin-seon(a taoist hermit with miraculous powers; the sage of old) lives, and mostly it was main destination of visit while Bakundae(白雲臺) was perceived diversely on each visitor because of its strange scenery.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.171-180
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to discover the plans for Yangyeongsi in Daegu, one of the most traditional streets and a tourist spot in South Korea, by preserving the historical place, reviving the historical characteristics and identity, revitalizing the uniqueness of the location, and developing the environment. This paper also illustrates the problems of the place through a investigation into its current state in order to promote the district and conduct a fundamental research framework to suggest future development methods and directions based on the problem statements. Daegu Yangyeongsi was chosen through frequency analysis and a survey asking for a suitable location and local characteristics to be developed for the local promotion through the field investigation of 158 cultural assets registered in the local government. This survey was conducted through the development process of the Regional Design Innovation Center to revitalize the traditional streets and places of interest. Through this investigation, 19 sites and traditional streets, which can be cultural resources for sightseeing and contribute to the local promotion, were extracted. Yangyeongsi, was selected from the finalists. The research methodology will be 1) to identify things for improvement potentiality through an in-depth analysis of Yangyeongsi, 2)to examine the mutual relationship between the revitalization strategy of Yangyeongsi and the city promotion strategy, and 3) to integrate the problems and improvements based on the results of the analysis. The notion of SWOT analysis synthetically considering the elements of opportunity and intimidation, strength and weakness to come up with the development direction was introduced to discover the local characteristics of Yangyeongsi and deduce the problem statement through the state analysis. Based on these results, the future development method and direction will be suggested in this paper through the revitalization study of Yangyeongsi.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.648-654
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• 2016

This paper investigates differences of tourism destination choices for sightseeing in Seoul between first-time visitors and repeat visitors. We constructed social network using secondary data from '2015 International Visitor Survey' and analyzed its density and centrality. Study results find that: (1) first-time and repeat visitors' tourism destinations are concentrated in areas located north of the Han river. The proximity of destinations suggests the positive effects resulting from the movement network. (2) As the result of degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, the highest ranking tourism destinations for both visitor groups are identical, but indexes of centralities in repeat visitors' destinations increase, including Shinchon/ Hongik University, Gangnam station, and Garosu-gil. Therefore, the roles of these destinations are becoming established as tourism hubs and are popular among younger visitors as well as attract repeat visitors. Results of this study will be a useful reference in developing and managing new tourism products.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2010

Areas with negative images in cities can degrade the image of the city as a whole and slow the city's efforts to improve its image. The identification of such areas and the development of a city contour that charts the images of various areas in advance can help urban planners establish relevant strategies to ameliorate detrimental images of the city. This study intends to draw a contour of Seongnam City according to citizen's cognition levels of and preference for city area images and aim to shift the strategy of urban image planning from being results-oriented to being process-oriented. The results of this study are as follows: First, an analysis of the level of cognition of and preferences for Seongnam City's landmarks shows that the degree of cognition varies in different areas, whereas that of preferences remains similar; Second, the cognition and preference contour makes it easy to assess and diagnose city images; Third, the image management map, which merges the cognition contour with the preference contour, divides the city into four different areas. In order to manage city images, it follows that those areas with a high degree of cognition but low preference need to be classified and dealt with first. Further, this study shows that those areas with high cognition are the most populated and visited. Areas with high preference can become a strong candidate for being a landscape control point of a city, which adds to the usefulness of this study. The contour of Seongnam will contribute to networking sightseeing areas for visitors centered upon those places of high preference. It would appear that this type of networking will inspire a better image for the city.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.266-287
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• 1998

Environmental conditions and expected profit are the major criteria to select crops to be cultivated in any region. Traditionally, miscellaneous crops have been cultivated as alternative crop in case of unfavorable climate or supplementary crop in marginal lands. Since the successful breeding of high yielding varieties of staple crops and development of cultural techniques in 1970s in Korea, production of miscellaneous crops decreased markedly due to the rapid commercialization of agriculture and increased productions of horticultural crops, although yields have been doubled during the last $2\~3$ decades. On the other hand, animal husbandry has been developing remarkably parallel with national economic development and the increased consumption of animal products. As a result, imports of feed grains such as corn have increased rapidly, while roughage production became lower than demand. Among miscellaneous crops, corn production increased markedly through the development of hybrids and due to its importance as silage crops. Acreage of corn production including grains, fresh corns and feeding is about 120,000 ha, while acreage of buckwheat is about 5,000 ha and those of other miscellaneous crops decreased to a level of about 1,000 ha. Although miscellaneous crops have low yield potential and are unprofitable due to low price and imports of cheap foreign products, they should be kept to cultivate. Miscellaneous crops are important components that maintain diversity among upland crops as well as alternative crops in case of unfavorable climate. The low yield potential of miscellaneous crops might be due to lack of efforts to breed high yielding varieties and to develope cultural techniques. Continuous investment in research, exploitation of new utilization for miscellaneous crops as sustainable crop, honey crop and sightseeing crop, and development of healthy and special foods will promote their cultivation. Animal feeding in Korea depends mainly on formula feeds. As the number of animals increases to meet demand of animal products, there is no alternative way but to import grains to feed them. But roughage production, which is necessary for normal growth of ruminant animals, should be increased. However, lack of arable land and pasture land limits the production of good roughages. It is estimated that number of course for meat and milk production will be $2.5{\~}2.6$ million and total of $6.2{\~}7.5$ million tons of roughages should be produced. This implies that more than 1 million tons of roughage are needed, although pasture land, upland for forage crops, forage crops after rice cultivation and rice straw are utilized. Therefore, new reclamation of pasture land, increased roughage production in cultivating land, increased cultivation of forage crops after rice, more utilization of rice straw and active exploration of indigenous plant species as roughage resources should be promoted