• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.271-279
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• 2009

Frozen shoulder is clinically characterized by pain and reduced ROM. The therapeutic goal of frozen shoulder can be reducing pain and increasing ROM in shoulder joint, resulting in improvement of joint movement. Therefore, this study was conducted to know the effect of mobilization in parallel with conservative physical therapy(H/P, TENS, U/S) in patients with frozen shoulder on subjective pain scale and ROM. 26 patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder were included for study. Among them, 13 patients(experiment group) were managed by mobilization as well as conservative physical therapy, another 13 patients(control group) were only treated by conservative physical therapy alone. All the patients were treated three times a week for 4 weeks, and after each treatment subjective pain scale and ROM were measured. In experimental group, pain has decreased and ROM has increased in abduction, external rotation and internal rotation. In control group, pain has also decreased but ROM has not changed in abduction, external rotation and internal rotation. There were no significant difference in subjective pain scale between two groups but some difference in ROM (external rotation, internal rotation). According to the results, we concluded that both conservative physical therapy and joint mobilization technique are more effective for increasing ROM especially external rotation, internal rotation than conservative physical therapy alone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.149-162
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of scapular dynamic taping on pain, disability, upper body posture, and range of motion (ROM) in the postoperative shoulder. METHODS: Twenty-two patients who underwent acromioplasty and rotator cuff repair surgery volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, n=11) and a control group (CG, n=11). For the EG, exercise therapy, manual therapy, and scapular dynamic taping were applied for 6 weeks; for the CG, only exercise therapy and manual therapy were applied for 6 weeks. Shoulder pain, disability, upper body posture, and ROM were evaluated at baseline, after 3 weeks of intervention, and after 6 weeks of intervention. Assessment tools included quadruple visual analog scale (QVAS) for level of pain; shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) for functional disability level; forward head angle (FHA), forward shoulder angle (FSA), and pectoralis minor index (PMI) for upper body posture; and ROM testing. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the EG and CG in SPADI total scores; internal rotation and external rotation ROM of the glenohumeral joint ; FSA ; and PMI. All groups showed statistically significant improvement in QVAS; SPADI; flexion; abduction; external rotation and internal rotation ROM of the glenohumeral joint; FSA; and PMI. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, for patients who have undergone acromioplasty and rotator cuff repair surgery, the addition of scapular dynamic taping during therapy is effective for improvement of shoulder disability level, ROM, and upper body posture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was 1) to investigate the possibility of taking blood stasis pattern as a clinical parameter of frozen shoulder, using blood stasis pattern questionnaire (BSPQ) to frozen shoulder group comparing with normal group, and 2) to find out the relationship of the severity of main frozen shoulder symptoms (pain and limited range of motion of shoulder) and the level of blood stasis pattern through BSPQ analysis. Methods : During the period of January 2010 to July 2010, fifty five frozen shoulder patients who visited outpatient clinic of department of acupuncture and moxibustion in East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyung Hee University and fifty five normal people without shoulder pain nor limited ROM in shoulder joint were evaluated through BSPQ, and to the frozen shoulder group, also evaluated three different visual analogue scales (VAS) of pain (pain on average, pain at night, and pain on motion) and active / passive range of motion (ROM) of shoulder joint. Results : Mean blood stasis pattern score of frozen shoulder patients group was significantly higher than the score of normal group (patients vs normal group : $4.85{\pm}1.68$ vs $3.49{\pm}1.54$). Three different types of pain VAS (on average, at night and on motion) showed low to very low positive correlation with BSPQ scores when analyzed with Pearson's correlation coefficient. ROM levels in shoulder joint were not significantly related to BSPQ scores, though active external rotation range showed low positive correlation with BSPQ scores. Conclusions : Patients with frozen shoulder showed higher blood stasis pattern score in BSPQ but the level of blood stasis pattern is not significantly related to the severity of pain or limitation of ROM in shoulder joint.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.39-44
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• 2011

Purpose : This study was aimed to examine the Influence of PNF indirect treatment for frozen shoulder patient Methods : Frozen shoulder patient was measured range of motion test of shoulder joint, visual analog scale(VAS) for pain and clean up the mirror activity at pre intervention and post-intervention in 2 weeks. Results : The ROM, activities of shoulder were increased and decreased VAS point for pain after treatments. Conclusion : We found that PNF indirect treatment could improve ROM and functions of shoulder and pain for frozen shoulder patient.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 1996

For effective rehabilitation of the shoulder, physical therapists must have correct knowledge of shoulder movements. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between shoulder movements and the rotation of the humerus in the sagittal, coronal and scapular planes. Fifty normal subjects(25 male, 25 female) were tested using a Dualar-plus digital goniometer and an air-splint. The subjects performed active shoulder elevation in each plane with the humerus rotated in both medial and lateral directions. The range of motion(ROM) of the glenohumeral joint was measured three times. The paired t-test was used to determine the difference in ROM between medial and lateral rotation of the humerus. Results showed that, in the sagittal and the coronal planes, there was a significant difference(p < 0.01) in ROM of the shoulder between medial rotation and lateral rotation which was greater. But in the scapular plane, there was no difference between medial and lateral rotation. Physical therapists should consider these results when the goal of treatment is to increase ROM of the shoulder.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2022

Background: The cross-body and the sleeper stretches have been used to improve posterior shoulder tightness (PST). However, such stretching techniques may not always help achieve scapular stability and may even aggravate patient's symptoms. Therefore, a new stretching technique (passive glenohumeral internal rotation with bridging) was developed as a more effective method that may allow for greater scapular stability without aggravating the symptoms. Thus, this study aimed to examine and compare this novel stretching technique to determine its effect on the range of motion (ROM) and acromio-humeral distance (AHD) in patients with glenohumeral internal rotation deficits (GIRD) with posterior shoulder tightness. Methods: A total of 30 symptomatic patients with asymmetrical GIRD were randomly assigned to two groups: the novel stretching group (n=15) and the joint mobilization group (n=15). The intervention was conducted twice a week for a total of four weeks. The ROM of shoulder internal rotation was measured by a goniometer and the AHD was evaluated by an X-ray before and after the intervention. Results: Both the treatments improved ROM and AHD in patients with GIRD (p<.05). However, the improvements in internal rotation ROM and AHD in the novel stretching group were significantly greater than that of the subjects in the mobilization group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (p<.05). Conclusion: These results show that both novel stretching and joint mobilization improved ROM and AHD in patients with GIRD with PST. However, novel stretching was more effective than joint mobilization.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2005

Purpose: Limitation of motion of the elbow joint due to stiffness affect on life quality of the patients. So contracture of the elbow should be treated as soon as possible. Among the many treatment modalities, we described the result of arthroscopic treatment. Materials and Methods: From Mar. 2000 to Mar. 2003, 40 patients, who received the arthroscopic treatment by author for contracted elbow, were the subjects. We estimated the range of motion (ROM) of elbow joint before and after surgery by goniometer. The clinical result was evaluated by Severance elbow scoring system. The final ROM was evaluated at the point of no further increasement of joint motion. Male ware 30 cases, female ware 7 cases, average 42.6 years old and mean follow up period were 31 months. During arthroscopic treatment we had done release of the joint capsule or resection, synovectomy, removal of loose bodies. We used traditional portals. Results: The avarage preoperative ROM of elbow joint was 72.5 degree(range, 5 - 132 degree) and the increasement of ROM was totally 49.3 degree in flexion 26.5 degree and extension 22.8 degree. There was no other complication. Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment for contracted elbow permit early joint ROM and it decrease the secondary injury to the elbow joint. Also there are few complications. It is thought to be a good treatment modality in contracted elbow joint.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study is a research on the evaluation about shoulder joint function. Methods : It's based on the reference books. Result : Shoulder joint has the biggest ROM in human body, and it is a joint that stability and mobility are required at the same time sport art. Especially, function of shoulder joint than other what item players of more important overhead item correct diagnosis and evaluation for shoulder joint injury require. Measurement equipment for shoulder joint is helping a lot of incorrect diagnosis and analysis about shoulder joint function of overhead players through a lot of developments. Conclusion : I think a lot of helps torture in motor ability elevation of players and player protection as analysis by special quality in item of overhead players.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2023

Background: Posterior capsule tightness (PCT), commonly seen in overhead athletes, is a soft tissue adaptation that is also noted in non-throwers. PCT is associated with scapular and humeral kinematic alterations, significant restriction of shoulder internal rotation (IR) range of motion (ROM), and significant scapular anterior tilting. Sleeper and cross-body stretches (CBS) are suggested for PCT and IR deficits, and have been modified since introduction. A novel modified sleeper stretch (NMSS) was designed in this study to prevent the risk of anterior translation of the humeral head. Though the effects of posterior shoulder stretching exercise have been widely studies, to the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated the effectiveness of posterior shoulder exercises in decreasing scapular anterior tilting. Objects: To compare the immediate effects of two posterior shoulder stretching exercises (NMSS and CBS) on scapular anterior tilting and shoulder IR ROM. Methods: Thirty-two subjects with anteriorly tilted scapula and IR deficits [mean age: 24.3 ± 2.5 years; 15 males and 17 females] participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the NMSS or CBS groups. Scapular anterior tilting (at rest and at shoulder 60° active IR) and shoulder IR ROM were measured before and immediately after intervention. Results: Scapular anterior tilting significantly decreased, while the shoulder IR ROM significantly increased in both groups. However, there was no significant group-by-time interaction effect or significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Both stretching exercises were effective in restoring shoulder IR ROM and decreasing scapular anterior tilting.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.68-75
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• 2016

Background: Shoulder horizontal adduction (HA) is performed in many activities of daily living. The limited range of motion (LROM) of HA is affected by the tightness of the posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres major, and posterior capsule of glenohumeral joint. The LROM of shoulder HA contributes to excessive scapular abduction. Objects: The aim of this study is to compare the scapular abduction distance and three-dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder horizontal adduction between subjects with and without the LROM of shoulder HA. Methods: 24 subjects (12 people in LROM group and 12 people in normal ROM group) participated. Subjects with less than $115^{\circ}$ of HA ROM were included in LROM group. Shoulder HA was performed 3 times for measuring scapular abduction distance and three-dimensional displacement of the scapula. Tape measure was used for measuring scapular abduction distance. Scapular abduction distance was normalized by dividing the scapular size. Polhemus Liberty was used for measuring the three-dimensional displacement of the scapula. Results: Normalized scapular abduction distance was significantly greater in LROM group than normal ROM group (p<.001). Three-dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder HA was greater in LROM group than normal ROM group (p<.05). Conclusion: LROM group had a greater scapular abduction and three-dimensional displacement of the scapula during shoulder HA compared to normal ROM group.